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Kinetic Adaptive Façades. A Systematic Review of Technological and Adaptive Features

• First Online: 05 January 2021

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• Rosa Romano 9  

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Kinetic envelopes can be defined as technological solutions which are able to move, open and close themselves, increasing the reactive capacity to incident solar radiation or other forms of environmental energy stresses, typical of a traditional facade system. Starting from this definition the chapter will provide a systematic review of these innovative technological solutions and their performance features, with a focus on materials, sensors and mechanical devices that is possible using to guarantee microclimatic control based on the dynamic interaction between the external and internal environments, achieving the target nZEB.

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Acknowledgements

The author would like to gratefully acknowledge COST Action TU1403 “Adaptive Façades Network” for providing excellent research networking, who contributed to the creation of the database of adaptive façade systems, allowing the Author to broaden her knowledge on kinetic façade systems.

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Department of Architecture, University of Florence, Florence, Italy

Rosa Romano

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Romano, R. (2021). Kinetic Adaptive Façades. A Systematic Review of Technological and Adaptive Features. In: Chiesa, G. (eds) Bioclimatic Approaches in Urban and Building Design. PoliTO Springer Series. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-59328-5_26

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Vishwa, Nishant. "Architecture of the Kinetic City." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1378112760.

Vinyu, Alfred. "kINetic eMOTION: Beyond the object." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/28140.

Abuin, Ernest Brian. "Kinetic performance : a study in portable architecture." FIU Digital Commons, 2003. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/1132.

Reas, Casey (Casey Edwin) 1972. "Behavioral kinetic sculpture." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/62356.

HARRY, SEAN CLARK. ":RESPONSIVE KINETIC SYSTEMS:." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1148315228.

Yeh, Bryant P. 1970. "Kinetic wall : an exploration into dynamic structure." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/9825.

El-Zanfaly, Dina Ezz ElDin. "Active shapes : introducing guidelines for designing kinetic architectural structures." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/65545.

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Montás, Laracuente Nelson Bernardo. "Performance Software Approaches for Kinetic Architecture: Programmable Matter Based Simulations." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/378359.

LUKENDA, KRISTINA. "KINETIC ARCHITECTURE AND ITS APPLICATION TO URBAN HOUSING IN TUCSON." The University of Arizona, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/555314.

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Dahley, Andrew Martin 1972. "Designing kinetic objects for digital information display." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/61098.

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Parkes, Amanda Jane. "Topobo : a gestural design tool with kinetic memory." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/28768.

De, Vries Hermias Cornelius. "Kinetic architecture$$h[electronic resource] : the spatial organization of daily mobility in a public bathhouse." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/6001.

Linder, Natan. "LuminAR : a compact and kinetic projected augmented reality interface." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/69803.

Raffle, Hayes Solos 1974. "Topobo : a 3-D constructive assembly system with kinetic memory." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/26920.

Mousavynejad, Reza. "Architectural Kinetics: A Study of Operable Mechanisms for Different Types of Envelopes." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/56627.

Garcia, Ghislaine L. "Sensory Kinematics: Interactive Architecture and Its Influences on the Built Environment." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1491306229421311.

Tobe, Rachel. "The Chimera." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1495807870248537.

Parkes, Amanda Jane. "Phrases of the kinetic : dynamic physicality as a dimension of the design process." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/51661.

Elkanah, Shabonni Olivia. "Promoting cultural experiences through responsive architecture." [Tampa, Fla] : University of South Florida, 2009. http://purl.fcla.edu/usf/dc/et/SFE0002957.

關尚豪 and Sheung-ho Chevrio Kwan. "Mongkok crossing: a kinetic citywalk-briding two stations : KCR & MTR." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2002. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31986535.

Zhu, Dongrui. "Glass Curtain Wall Retrofit Through Modular Kinetic Facade To Design Safe, Energy Efficient, Sustainable Urban Office High-rise Facade." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1617108007657155.

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Goebes, Philipp, Karsten Schmidt, Felix Stumpf, Oheimb Goddert von, Thomas Scholten, Werner Härdtle, and Steffen Seitz. "Rule-based analysis of throughfall kinetic energy to evaluate biotic and abiotic factor thresholds to mitigate erosive power." Sage, 2016. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A35382.

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Bergman, Nicholas H. (Nicholas Henry) 1973. "The reaction kinetics and three-dimensional architecture of a catalytic RNA." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/8582.

Wierzbicki, Madalina Nicoleta. "Topologies and design methods for folding kinetic structures : expanding the architectural paradigm." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/45748.

Lee, Hyun-Yeul. "Socio-Kinetics : visualizing impressions of people behavior through motion." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/61860.

Zopf, Christopher J. (Christopher John). "The interaction of promoter chromatin architecture with the cell cycle regulates transcription activation kinetics." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/79144.

Leisewitz, Andrew Lambert. "Splenic architecture and cell and cytokine kinetics in contrasting models of murine blood stage malaria infection." Thesis, Open University, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.429587.

Barbeau, David Longfellow Jr. "Application of Growth Strata and Detrital-Zircon Geochronology to Stratigraphic Architecture and Kinematic History." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/244092.

Barbeau, David L. "Application of growth strata and detrital-zircon geochronology to stratigraphic architecture and kinematic history." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/280398.

Zhu, Lingbo. "Controlled Fabrication of Aligned Carbon Nanotube Architectures for Microelectronics Packaging Applications." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/19739.

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Schleicher, Simon Verfasser], and Jan [Akademischer Betreuer] [Knippers. "Bio-inspired compliant mechanisms for architectural design : transferring bending and folding principles of plant leaves to flexible kinetic structures / Simon Schleicher. Betreuer: Jan Knippers." Stuttgart : Universitätsbibliothek der Universität Stuttgart, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1088404367/34.

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Kinetic Architecture: Designs for Active Envelopes

• Written by Russell Fortmeyer & Charles Linn
• Published on August 14, 2014

Kinetic Architecture: Designs for Active Envelopes is a book about energy. We have written it to explore the new ways architecture has developed in the last decade to respond to the flow of energy, both natural and man-made, that primarily affects building performance and the comfort of the people in them. Buildings regulate energy flow in several ways, but in this book we explore the approaches that innovative architects, engineers, and consultants have taken with building envelopes, façades, and other types of enclosures that modulate the internal environment of architecture to various ends. Architects have expressed this regulation in ways both visible and invisible, using the media of air, water, and the thermal mass of a variety of materials, and often a combination of all three.

We think great strides have been made in this understanding of design in the last decade, owing to a recognition of the energy demands of buildings on our limited utility grids, as well as advances in the modeling of buildings, analysis tools, basic knowledge about heat transfer and human comfort that has been codified and adapted for design, and the improvement of glazing technology, control systems, actuators, and other mechanical equipment that ultimately form the tectonics of this architecture.

That said, this is not just another book about sustainability. Although we find ourselves sympathetic to the green building movement—and many of the projects we present in this book are certainly understood in that vein—we are interested mainly in the envelope and the innovative ways it can be used to modulate energy in its primary forms—visible light and heat. This, of course, is part of a larger story of architecture with a greater horizon than what we currently consider sustainable design, which is not a new direction in architecture, but rather a re-focusing effort toward an understanding of buildings as existing within and of their particular place, materials, and labor. That was certainly the case before the 1920s, but was lost in the globalization of capital that ran its course rather steadily up until 2008.

Although we believe the projects in this book represent many proven passive design strategies that would have been common enough 100 years ago, the appearance of the architecture suggests otherwise. Tuning the building to respond to seasonal climatic conditions is an old strategy, perfected in many buildings from the 1890s to the 1930s, constructed before the mass adoption of air-conditioning. The critic and historian Reyner Banham beat that horse dead in 1969 with his somewhat dry outline-of-a-book, The Architecture of the Well-Tempered Environment . But in contemporary buildings, it’s difficult to completely ventilate a structure naturally when it’s full of high-tech heat loads—computers, lighting, and people toting smart-phones. As much as we would like every new high-rise to look like George Wyman’s Bradbury Building, from 1893, in downtown Los Angeles, with a central atrium for daylighting and effective cross-ventilation of shallow floor plates full of high ceilings and operable windows on both sides, these strategies alone won’t necessarily make a building function efficiently, let alone comfortably.

The projects we present in this book are not experiments; they were each developed within clearly defined market-driven conditions, varied as they may be, responding to the programmatic needs of a wide range of clients and audiences and concerned in varying degrees with tempering the interior environment through innovative, alternately passive and active, design strategies.

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Kinetic Architecture; Renewable Energy

2018, The Academic Research Community Publication

Today, architecture is one of the finest products of the creative human mind that God has given us. Its existence is a necessity which makes the aspects of human life and way of thinking balanced between endless desires and needs. This confirms the strong relationship between the architectural product and humans. This relationship is based on providing humans with their needs and it aims to find appropriate solutions to the problems facing them. Additions that can be added to the architectural product such as motion help in activating the interaction in this relationship. The movement is added to the architectural output to express a new relationship between the environment and the human who was affected by the existence of motors and its utilitarian, technical, and aesthetic issues. The research focuses on how these effects can be exploited to solve problems like energy consumption that is a main problem in the construction process.

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Architecture has always been part design and part science, but, once again, we are in an era where the two have great potential to help one another. A design-science marriage will be key as both scientists and designers strive to push their respective fi elds forward. Each can provide insight into the other as designers can help scientists think ' outside of the box ' while scientists bring newfound technologies and theories to design disciplines – including the architecture process. By incorporating motion into architecture, designers give occupants another dimension by which to interact with their surroundings. Architects can not only communicate motion, but can also engage occupants in what it means to have transition and morphing states of architecture. When done properly, kinetic architecture can inspire, surprise and even touch the soul. This introduction to kinetic architecture highlights its purposes and benefi ts, and provides strategies for designing and constructing moving building elements that optimize sustainability in architecture. This article proposes an initial conceptual framework for the exploration of the sustainable engaging attributes of kinetic architectural structures. It will serve as one of the fi rst attempts to understand, defi ne and frame kinetic architecture from a complex adaptive environmental approach. The article also attempts to bring together the camps of performative, responsive and adaptive environments under the rubric of kinetic architecture.

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IRJET Journal

Kinetic Architecture is a branch of architecture that involves the use of mobile or dynamic components in a building or structure, such as movable roofs, walls, and façades. The use of kinetic architecture is highly popular in countries with changing climates, where buildings need to adapt to various weather patterns throughout the year. India is a country with a tropical climate, which makes it an ideal location for the exploration of kinetic architecture. Kinetic façades offer both aesthetic and functional appeal in modern architecture. This paper will explore the working mechanism of kinetic façades, the technology behind the façade's movement, and the various applications of the kinetic facade in modern architectural design. Some case studies has also been included for better understanding of the knetic mechanism. This research paper explores the use of kinetic architecture in India's tropical climate, analyzing case studies of buildings that have incorporated dynamic components into their designs to create more sustainable, energy-efficient, and comfortable spaces.

Nikruz Furuzende Qocabeyli

Holger De Groot

Climate-responsive architecture integrates the use of the climate data of an area, to construct efficient buildings that responds to, and works with the local climate, the scope of which includes, but is not limited to temperature, historical weather patterns, sun path and solar position, environmental conditions, seasonality, topography, etc. The design aims to minimize extreme energy use, have reduced impact on the natural environment, and above all, promote sustainability. Kinetic architecture responds to this need of intelligent, interactive, and adaptive architecture by including moving parts which are allowed to operate independently without compromising the structural integrity. Although this concept has been in use since the Middle Ages, an example being the drawbridge, increasing need for smarter use of energy has, in the late 20th century facilitated the use of moving parts in significant portions of the superstructure. Advancements in mechanics, electronics and robotics, fuelled by concepts such as Fuller's Tensegrity has brought into effect functional buildings that allow for these types of movements. This paper explores the use of kinetic buildings in climateresponsive architecture, of which there are few examples, including buildings that use kinetic facades to regulate the entry of sunlight, to prefabricated skyscrapers with rotating floors. Although the concept is in use, it is not as commonly used as it should be to respond and adapt to the drastically changing climatic conditions.

Pelin Saricioglu

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