case study mr ram an emerging entrepreneur

LIVE Course for free

Ask a Question

Mr. Ram, an emerging entrepreneur has designed a structure of his business organization by taking into consideration the required resources

Study the following case and express your opinion

Mr. Ram, an emerging entrepreneur has designed a structure of his business organization by taking into consideration the required resources such as land, money, machinery, workforce, etc. for his new business. He appointed Mr. Shyam as a manager. Mr. Ram has assigned the responsibilities such as recruitment, selection, training and development and to determine the remuneration of the employees to Mr. Shyam. Mr, Ram. has also appointed Mr. Shubham to supervise the work done by the employees according to the standards given to the employees, Mr. Shubham has also to suggest the remedies to the employees wherever necessary. On this context, find out the management functions performed by

(i) Mr. Ram

(ii) Mr. Shyam

(iii) Mr. Shubham

functions of management

Please log in or register to add a comment.

(i) Mr. Ram performs the function of planning and organising. He is an emerging entrepreneur and plans the business structure and organises different resources.

(ii) Mr Shyam is performing the function of staffing as his main duty is to recruit, select, train and develop the employees and to decide their remuneration accordingly.

(iii) Mr. Subham is performing the function of controlling. He compares actual performances of employees with standard performance given. He discovers causes of deviations and suggests remedies to overcome deviations.

Find MCQs & Mock Test

JEE Main 2025 Test Series
NEET Test Series
Class 12 Chapterwise MCQ Test
Class 11 Chapterwise Practice Test
Class 10 Chapterwise MCQ Test
Class 9 Chapterwise MCQ Test
Class 8 Chapterwise MCQ Test
Class 7 Chapterwise MCQ Test

Maharashtra Board OCM 12th Commerce Solutions Chapter 2 Functions of Management

Balbharti Maharashtra State Board Organisation of Commerce and Management 12th Textbook Solutions Chapter 2 Functions of Management Textbook Exercise Questions and Answers.

Maharashtra State Board 12th Organisation of Commerce and Management Solutions Chapter 2 Functions of Management

1. (A) Select the correct options and rewrite the sentences

Question 1. The functions of management start with ……………… function. (a) organising (b) planning (c) co-ordinating Answer: planning

Question 2. The functions of management end with ……………… (a) directing (b) staffing (c) controlling Answer: controlling

Question 3. ……………. sets out standards for controlling. (a) Staffing (b) Planning (c) Co-ordinating Answer: Planning

Question 4. Organizational function is important for execution of the plans which have been prepared by ……………. management. (a) top level (b) middle level (c) lower level Answer: top level

Question 5. ……………… is the function which supports to activate the plans with the help of employees. (a) Staffing (b) Directing (c) Co-ordinating Answer: Directing

Question 6. ………………. is the function of execution according to the plan and the organisational structure. (a) Controlling (b) Directing (c) Staffing Answer: Directing

Question 7. ………………. arranges the work in such a way that minimum conflicts are raised. (a) Co-ordinating (b) Organizing (c) Controlling Answer: Co-ordination.

1. (B) Match the pairs

Question 1.

Group A	Group B
(A) Planning	(1) It Is the process of instructing, guiding, communicating and motivating.
(B) Organizing	(2) It is an integration and synchronization of the efforts of group.
(C) Staffing	(3) Deciding In advance what to do, how to do, when to do and who Is to do it.
(D) Directing	(4) Management is what manager does.
(E) Co-ordlnating	(5) To focus on the role of manager.
	(6) Decides the ways and means to achieve what has been planned.
	(7) It Is the process of comparing the actual performance with the pre-determined standard performance.
	(8) It Is a set of principles.
	(9) It is the process of recruiting, selecting, placing and remunerating.
	(10) To manage is to forecast and plan.

Group A	Group B
(A) Planning	(3) Deciding In advance what to do, how to do, when to do and who Is to do it.
(B) Organizing	(6) Decides the ways and means to achieve what has been planned.
(C) Staffing	(9) It is the process of recruiting, selecting, placing and remunerating.
(D) Directing	(1) It Is the process of instructing, guiding, communicating and motivating.
(E) Co-ordlnating	(2) It is an integration and synchronization of the efforts of group.

1. (C) Give one word/phrase/term for the following statements

Question 1. The right person at the job with right pay. Answer: Staffing

Question 2. A person who shows the correct path as well as guides employees in solving the problems. Answer: Director

Question 3. First function of management. Answer: Planning

Question 4. Last function of management. Answer: Controlling

Question 5. It is an intellectual process of logical thinking and rational decision-making. Answer: Planning

Question 6. The term that is used to denote the structure. Answer: Organisation

Question 7. It is the process of attracting, recruiting, selecting, placing, appraising and remunerating the people. Answer: Staffing

Question 8. The process that leads the employees towards the accomplishment of organisational goals. Answer: Directing

Question 9. It increases the team spirit of work place. Answer: Co-ordinating

Question 10. It is the process of comparing the actual performance with the predetermined standard performance. Answer: Controlling.

1. (D) State whether the following statements are True or False

Question 1. Every function of management is not based on planning. Answer: False

Question 2. Specialization in activities leads to increase in organisational efficiency. Answer: True

Question 3. Qualified, efficient and skilled work force is always an asset of the organization. Answer: True

Question 4. Cooperation is not necessary for smooth flow of organisational activities. Answer: False

Question 5. Co-ordination motivates the employees to take initiative while completing their assigned task. Answer: True

Question 6. Standards are not set for every performance in controlling function. Answer: False

1. (E) Find the odd one

Question 1. Planning, Organizing, Staffing, Writing. Answer: Writing

Question 2. Selecting, Training, Co-ordinating, Placing Answer: Co-ordinating.

1. (F) Complete the sentences

Question 1. The tasks of getting the things done by others is known as …………….. Answer: Management

Question 2. The functions of manager start with ………………… Answer: Planning

Question 3. The …………….. function of management initiates action Answer: Directing

Question 4. Recruitments are done under ……………….. function. Answer: Staffing

Question 5. ………………. is the fundamental function of management. Answer: Planning

Question 6. ………………. integrates departmental activities for achieving common goal of the organisation. Answer: Co-ordinating

Question 7. ……………… is the last function of management. Answer: Controlling

1. (G) Select the correct option from the bracket

Question 1. Planning is a detailed programme of (present/ future/past) course of action. Answer: future

Question 2. Directing is a responsibility of (manager/ workers/people) at all levels. Answer: manager

Question 3. Qualified, efficient and skilled workforce is always an (liabilities/assets/expenses) of the organization. Answer: assets.

1. (H) Answer in one sentence

Question 1. What is management? Answer: The tasks of getting the things done by others to achieve organisational goal is called management.

Question 2. What is planning? Answer: Planning means deciding in advance what to do when to do, how to do, where to do it and who is to do it.

Question 3. What is staffing? Answer: The process of attracting, recruiting, selecting, placing, appraising, remunerating, developing and retaining the best workforce is called staffing.

Question 4. What is directing? Answer: Directing is the process of instructing, guiding, communicating, inspiring, motivating and supervising the employees to achieve the pre-determined goals of the organisation.

Question 5. What is controlling ? Answer: Controlling is a function of comparing the actual performance with the predetermined standard performance to measure deviation if any, identifying causes of deviation and suggest corrective measures.

1. (I) Correct the underlined word and rewrite the following sentences

Question 1. Factors of business environment are always fixed . Answer: Factors of business environment are always changing .

Question 2. Staffing is concerned with machines . Answer: Staffing is concerned with humans .

Question 3. Directing is a function of comparing the actual performance with the pre-determined performance. Answer: Controlling is a function of comparing the actual performance with the pre-determined performance.

Question 4. Co-ordination helps to maximise the wastage of resources and controls the cost of work. Answer: Co-ordination helps to minimise the wastage of resources and controls the cost of work.

Question 5. Controlling measures are rigid to some extent. Answer: Controlling measures are flexible to some extent.

1. (J) Arrange in proper order

Question 1. Controlling, Organizing, Planning. Answer: Planning, Organising, Controlling.

Question 2. Directing, Co-ordinating, Staffing. Answer: Staffing, Directing, Co-ordinating.

2. Explain the following terms/concepts

Question 1. Management Answer: The task of getting the work done by others to achieve organisational goal is called management. According to L. A. Allen, ‘Management is what manager does. Management is a set of principles which relate to the various functions such as planning, organising, staffing, directing, co-ordinating, controlling, etc. which are helpful in achieving organisational goals.

Question 2. Planning Answer: Planning is the basic function of management. Planning is an intellectual process of logical thinking and rational decision-making. It includes deciding the things to be done in advance. In short, planning is a detailed programme of future course of action. Proper planning and its implementation is key to achieve the objectives of an organisation.

Question 3. Organising Answer: Organising is the process of identifying, bringing the required resources together such as men, money, material, machines and method and arranging them in proper manner to achieve the goals of an organisation. It is prepared by the top level management. Organising function decides the ways and means to achieve what has been planned. Organising is more important in executing the plan.

Question 4. Staffing Answer: Staffing is the function of execution according to plan and organisational structure. It is the process of attracting, recruiting, training, developing, appraising, remunerating, developing and retaining the best workforce. Right person at right job with right pay is the basic principle of staffing. This function is concerned with managing humans and not material.

Question 5. Directing Answer: Directing is the process of instructing, guiding, communicating, inspiring, motivating and supervising the employees to achieve pre-determined goals of an organisation. Director shows correct path as well as guides the employees in solving the problems wherever necessary. Directing is the soul of management function.

3. Study the following case/situation and express your opinion

Question 1. Mr. Ram, an emerging entrepreneur has designed a structure of his business organization by taking into consideration the required resources such as land, money, machinery, workforce, etc. for his new business. He appointed Mr. Shyam as a manager. Mr. Ram has assigned the responsibilities such as recruitment, selection, training and development and to determine the remuneration of the employees to Mr. Shyam. Mr, Ram. has also appointed Mr. Shubham to supervise the work done by the employees according to the standards given to the employees, Mr. Shubham has also to suggest the remedies to the employees wherever necessary. On this context, find out the management functions performed by (i) Mr. Ram (ii) Mr. Shyam (iii) Mr. Shubham Answer: (i) Mr. Ram performs the function of planning and organising. He is an emerging entrepreneur and plans the business structure and organises different resources.

(ii) Mr Shyam is performing the function of staffing as his main duty is to recruit, select, train and develop the employees and to decide their remuneration accordingly.

Question 2. In XYZ Company, Mr. Lele gives instructions to the employees working under him, provide guidance and motivates them for their best performance. On the other hand, Mr. Sawed takes effort to harmonize the work done by the employees of different departments while achieving organisational goal. Mr. Desai is looking after the arrangement of required resources the business organization. Mention the name of employee engaged in following functions : (i) Organisation (ii) Direction (iii) Coordination Answer: (i) Mr Desai is engaged in the organising function as he is looking after arrangement of required resources for the business organisation. (ii) Mr. Lele is engaged in the function of directing as he gives instructions to the employees working under him, provides guidance and motivates them for their best performance. (iii) Mr. Sayyed is engaged in the function of co-ordination as he takes effort to harmonize the work done by the employees of different departments.

4. Distinguish between

Question 1. Planning and Organising Answer:

	Planning	Organising
1. Meaning	Planning is a management function that decides in advance what to do, how to do, when to do, where to do and who is to do it.	Organising refers to the process of putting together various resources and activities of the organisation into a system.
2. Objective	The objective of planning is to set the goals and choose the means to achieve those goals.	The main objective of organising is to identity and bring together all the resources.
3. Area of function	Planning involves setting objectives, identifying alternative courses of actions and selecting the best plan for the organisation.	Organising involves identifying the activities and grouping of relative activities of the organisation.
4. Order	Planning is the first and foremost function of management. It precedes every other function.	In organising function, internal as well as external factors are considered to make arrangement of resources.
5. Nature	Planning is continuous in nature. It is related with those resources which are required for achieving the targets.	Organising is related with all the available resources as they need to be properly arranged.
6. Levels of management	Top management is responsible for preparing planning for the activities of the entire organisation.	Usually, the function of organising is undertaken by the top level management and middle level management.

Question 2. Organising and Staffing Answer:

	Organising	Staffing
1. Meaning	Organising refers to the process of putting together various resources and activities of the organisation into a system.	Staffing is a process of recruitment through which competent employees are selected, properly trained, effectively developed and suitably rewarded.
2. Objective	The main objective of organising is to identify and bring together all the resources.	The main objective of the staffing is to obtain the most competent and efficient staff to improve the overall performance.
3. Area of function	Organising involves identifying the activities and grouping of relative activities of the organisation.	Staffing involves selection, recruitment, training, developing, promotion, transfer, etc. of employees.
4. Factors	In organising function, internal as well as external factors are considered to make arrangement of resources.	In staffing function, mostly internal factors such as human factor, finance, work load, etc. are considered.
5. Resources	Organising is related with all the available resources as they need to be properly arranged.	Staffing is related with human resources only.
6. Levels of management	Usually, the function of organising is undertaken by the top level management and middle level management.	Usually, the function of staffing is undertaken by the middle level management.

Question 3. Staffing and Directing Answer:

	Staffing	Directing
1. Meaning	Staffing is a process of recruitment through which competent employees are selected, properly placed and trained, effectively developed and suitably rewarded.	Directing means instructing, guiding, inspiring and motivating the subordinate employees so that their efforts result in the achievement of goals.
2. Objective	The main objective of the staffing is to obtain the most competent and efficient people to improve the overall performance.	The main objective of directing is to ensure that the employees at different levels accomplish their tasks according to plans.
3. Area of function	Staffing involves recruitment, selection, training, promotion, development, transfer, etc. of employees.	Directing involves guiding, instructing, inspiring, motivating and communicating with the subordinates.
4. Order	Staffing function follows organising as human resources are required in an organisation.	Directing function follows organising and staffing as direction is needed to guide and inspire the employees.
5. Targets	Targets of staffing include allocation of human resources to achieve better results.	Targets of direction include giving guidance and inspiration to employees to achieve better results.
6. Outcome	Staffing function helps to select right persons for right jobs at right time.	Directing function helps to maintain discipline among the staff.

Question 4. Directing and Controlling

Question 5. Co-ordination and Controlling Answer:

	Co-ordination	Controlling
1. Meaning	Co-ordination refers to the process of developing harmony and integration of different activities to achieve common organisational goals.	Controlling is a managerial function that measures deviation of actual results from the standards set and takes necessary corrective actions.
2. Objective	The main objective of co-ordination is to ensure unify of efforts of the employees and smooth functioning of the organisation.	The main objective of controlling is to ensure that goals or targets must be accomplished as per plan.
3. Area of function	Co-ordination involves efforts of top level, middle level and lower level management.	Controlling involves fixation of standard, measurement of actual performance and finding deviations taking corrective actions to improve performance.
4. Factors	In co-ordinating function only internal factors are considered to create unity of action.	In controlling function internal as well as external factors are taken care for taking corrective actions.
5. Resources	Co-ordination is related with human resources only.	Controlling is related with all the resources as it helps to achieve the given targets.
6. Levels of management	All levels of management are responsible for the co-ordination function to achieve given targets.	Top level management and middle level managements are responsible for controlling of organisational activities.

Question 6. Planning and Controlling Answer:

	Planning	Controlling
1. Meaning	Planning is a management function that decides in advance what to do, how to do, when to do, where to do and who is to do it.	Controlling is a managerial function that measures deviation of actual performance from the standards set and takes corrective actions.
2. Objective	The main objective of planning is to set the goals and choose the means to achieve those goals.	The main objective of controlling is to ensure that goals or targets must be accomplished as per plan.
3. Area of function	Planning involves setting objectives, identifying alternative courses of actions and selecting the best plan for the organisation.	Controlling involves fixation of standard, measurement of actual performance and finding deviations taking corrective actions to improve performance.
4. Order	In the sequence of managerial functions, planning is the first and foremost function.	In the sequence of managerial functions, controlling is the last function of the management.
5. Resources	Planning is related with those resources which are required for achieving the targets.	Controlling is related with all the resources as it helps to achieve the given targets.
6. Levels of management	Top management is responsible for preparing planning for the activities of the entire organisation.	Top level management and middle level managements are responsible for controlling of organisational activities.

Question 7. Organising and Directing

Question 8. Organising and Co-ordinating Answer:

	Organising	Co-ordinating
1. Meaning	Organising refers to the process of putting together various resources and activities of the organisation into a system.	Co-ordination refers to the process of developing harmony and integration of different activities to achieve common organisational goals.
2. Objective	The main aim of organising is to identify and bring together all the required resources.	The main aim of co-ordination is to ensure unity of efforts of employees and smooth functioning of the organisation.
3. Area of function	Organising involves identifying the activities and grouping of relative activities of the organisation.	Co-ordination involves deliberate or consistent efforts by the management to create harmony and unity of action.
4. Factors	In organising function, internal as well as external factors are considered to make arrangement of available resources.	In co-ordinating function, only internal factors are considered to create unity of action.
5. Resources	Organising is related with all the resources which are required to be arranged in proper order.	Co-ordination is related with human resources only.
6. Levels of management	Top level management and middle level managements are responsible for the organising of resources to achieve desired objectives.	All levels of management are responsible for the co-ordination to achieve the given targets.

5. Answer in brief

Question 1. Explain any five points of importance of planning. Answer: Importance : The importance of planning is explained as follows: (1) Helps to set clear objectives : Planning is the process of setting objectives, targets and formulating plans to achieve these objectives. With the help of proper planning, management can analyse the present condition of the organisation and can identify the ways of attaining the desired position in future.

(2) Provides path of action : Planning ensures that the goals or objectives are clearly set. It acts as a guide and provides direction for doing the right things at the right time and in a right way. It helps the employees to understand the organisational goals and what they must do to achieve the same.

(3) Planning improves performance : It helps manager to improve future performances of employees by setting clear objectives and selecting a right course of action. It leads to efficiency in working of the employees. Due to proper planning the employees can work according to guidelines which helps them to improve performance. This results into higher profitability of the organisation.

(4) Minimizes the risk : Planning is the process of looking into the future and anticipating the future changes. By deciding in advance the task to be performed, planning helps to deal with future changes and unforeseen events. Planning helps in anticipation of risk and decide preventive measures accordingly. Though changes or risks cannot be eliminated but proper planning minimizes them.

(5) Planning leads to optimum utilization of resources: Plans are made on the basis of availability of resources with proper allocation for various activities. Proper allocation of resources brings higher efficiency and desired results with minimum wastages.

Question 2. Explain any five points of importance of organizing. Answer: Importance : The importance of organising is explained as follows: (1) Facilitates administration as well as operation : Organising is the process of identifying, grouping and assigning the activities of administration and proceeding according to its operational activity. Due to proper grouping of the task and employees, there is a reduction in duplication of work results in effective delegation.

(2) Brings specialisation : Organising starts from dividing the total work into smaller units and assigning them to different individuals according to their qualification, capabilities and experience. It leads to increase in overall productivity.

(3) Defines job properly : In the organising function the employees are assigned different jobs according to their qualification, skill and experience and the managers clearly define the details of each job. It clearly spells out what exactly has to be done in every job by each employee.

(4) Clarifies authority and responsibility : The organising function clearly defines authority, power, position of every manager and responsibility, accountability of every employee. This enables proper execution of work and at the same time eliminates confusion, duplication, misunderstanding. It also helps to bring efficiency in working of managers.

(5) Establishes Co-ordination : Organising function helps in establishing co-ordination among different activities of different department. Organising defines clear cut relationship among various positions and ensures mutual co-operation amongst them. Organising helps in co-ordination between different levels of managers of different departments for smooth functioning of an organisation.

Question 3. Describe any five points of importance of staffing. Answer: Importance : The importance of staffing is given as follows: (1) Effective management function : Staffing is considered an effective managerial function as it deals with human resource. Employees appointed in the organisation through staffing function perform various activities in different areas of the organisation such as production, marketing, finance, etc.

(2) Effective utilization of Human Resources : A well organised staffing department discovers the talented, skilful, experienced and qualified staff. Proper care is taken at every stage of recruitment, selection, placement, etc. It ensures smooth functioning of all the managerial areas of the organisation.

(3) Builds relationship : A sound staffing policy creates a team spirit among the employees. Due to team spirit, a sense of belongingness among the employees is developed. This in turn leads to better communication and co-ordination of managerial efforts in an organisation. A smooth human relation is the key to better flow of co-ordination in an organisation.

(4) Helps Human Resource Development: Skilled and experienced employee is an asset of a business organisation. Staffing function of management is mainly concerned with human factor of production. Efforts are made to utilise the human resources more efficiently.

(5) Helps in effective use of technology and other resources : Staffing function trains employees to use latest technology, capital, material, and method of work more effectively. This brings competitive strength to the organisation. It also helps in improving standard of work and productively in terms of quality and quantity.

(6) Improve efficiency : Regular training and development programmes provide to employees to improve their performance levels. Through proper selection the organisation gets talented and quality employees.

Question 4. Explain any five points of importance of directing. Answer: Importance : The importance of Directing is as follows: (1) Initiates action : Direction initiates action. It activates employees to put in their best efforts, to achieve the goals. Without effective direction, other managerial functions like planning, organising, staffing, co-ordinating and controlling become ineffective. Managers have to stimulate action by issuing instructions like what to do, how to do, etc. to the subordinates and by supervising them from time to time.

(2) Integrates efforts: At every level of the management there are subordinates under managers. The work assigned to these subordinates is interrelated. The directing function integrates the activities of the subordinates by guidance, supervision and counselling. It results in achievement of organisational goals.

(3) Means of motivation: Objectives of an organisation can be achieved only if the people working in it are properly motivated through monetary and non-monetary incentives. It boosts the morale of employees, contribute their maximum efforts and motivates them to give their best.

(4) Provides stability: Effective direction through supervision, motivation, leadership and communication provides stability and maintains balance in the organisation. This in turn results in the growth of the enterprise at faster rate. For long term survival of the organisation, stability in the organisation are necessary.

(5) Coping up with the changes : Effective direction facilitates changes in the organisation. It enables the enterprise to adopt advance technology, new methods of production, modern techniques of management, etc. It is a direction function which helps the superiors to motivate the subordinates to adapt to the new changes, new challenges, etc. Adapting to the environmental changes is necessary for the growth of the organisation.

Question 5. Describe any five points of importance of ! coordinating. Answer: Importance : The importance of Co-ordinating is explained as follows: (1) Encourages Team Spirit : Co-ordination is concerned with integrated group efforts. Team work under the direction of the manager encourages the subordinates to work sincerely and give better performance to achieve organisational goals. Co-ordination helps to reduce the conflicts between the employees and departments regarding policies, roles, etc. and increase their team spirit.

(2) Gives Proper Direction : Group or combined efforts of all the employees in an organisation helps to co-ordinate with each other and achieve the desired goals. Thus, combined efforts of all the employees always help an organisation to remove its limitations and achieve organisational objectives. The interdependence of departments gives proper direction to the employees.

(3) Facilitates motivation : In the process of co-ordination the superiors motivate their subordinates by providing them with monetary and other incentives. An effective co-ordination increases efficiency and results in growth and prosperity of the organisation which encourages job security, high income, promotion and incentives.

(4) Optimum utilisation of resources : Proper and effective co-ordination helps to bring together all the resources of the organisation. This in turn helps to make the optimum possible use of available resources to achieve organisational goals. Co-ordination also helps to avoid wastage of resources and control the cost.

(5) Achieve organisational objectives : Proper coordination helps to reduce wastages, delays in completion of targets, departmental disputes, etc. of the organisation to a great extent. This ensures smooth working of the organisation in the process of achievement of objectives.

6. Justify the following statements

Question 1. Planning is the first function of management. Answer: (1) Planning is the basic function of management. Every function of management is based on planning. Planning is an intellectual process of logical thinking and rational decision i making.

(2) Designing i.e. doing a proper planning and implementing it accordingly is the key of achieving the objectives of organisation.

(3) Planning means deciding in advance what to do, when to do, how to do, where to do and who is to do it. Thus, it is a detailed programme of future courses of action.

(4) Planning involves setting objectives, identifying alternative courses of action and selecting the best plan. It focuses on organisation’s objective and develop various course of action to achieve those goals.

Question 2. Controlling is the last function of management. Answer: (1) It is important for am organisation to keep a check on whether things are moving as per plan or not. So controlling function comes as the last but indispensable function of management. The effectiveness of planning can be determined with the function of controlling.

(2) Controlling function helps in comparing the actual performance with the pre-determined standard and performance. It is the process of bringing about conformity of performance with planned action.

(3) Controlling function helps in measuring deviation, if any, identifies the course of deviation and suggests corrective measures. The process of controlling helps in formulation of future plans also.

(4) Controlling helps in checking and measuring performance at all the levels of management, as it compares and finds deviation, analyses the causes of deviation and suggests corrective measures. All planning may fail in the absence of proper controlling measures.

Question 3. Organizing facilitates administration as well as operation of the organization. Answer: (1) Organising function is also called as ‘doing function’ i.e. putting the plan into action. Administration and operation both are doing function as organising is the process of putting together various resources and activities of the organisation into a system.

(2) Organising involves identifying the activities and grouping of relative activities of administration and operational department.

(3) Organising function defines, departmentalizes and assigns activities so that they can be most effectively executed for the smooth flow of administration.

(4) Due to proper grouping of the tasks and the employees, there is increase in production and reduction in wastage. The duplication of work can be avoided and effective delegation becomes possible.

Question 4. Right person at right job with right pay is the basic principle of staffing. Answer: (1) The main function of staffing is to select the right person for the right job with right pay. Selecting the right person for the right job brings efficiency and specialisation in the organisation.

(2) It also bring job satisfaction as adequate remuneration increases morale of the employees. Training and development programmes and job security are the factors which are important in providing job satisfaction.

(3) Proper selection of qualified, efficient and skilful work force is always an asset of the organisation. Proper selection of employees contributes in the higher efficiency and leads to long term positive effects in the organisation.

(4) With proper selection process, right persons for right jobs are placed and regularly appraised on merit basis. The criteria of appraised are duly communicated which brings peace and harmony in the organisation.

Question 5. Co-ordination between different functions and all levels of management is the essence of organisational success, Answer: (1) Co-ordination is an integration of different activities which is essential for their smooth flow. It establishes harmony among all the activities of an organisation in achieving desired goals. Co-ordination will not exist unless efforts are taken at all levels of management.

(2) Co-ordination is the synchronization of the efforts of a group so as to provide unity of action for organisational goals. It is a hidden force which binds all other functions at all levels of management.

(3) In an organisation, a number of persons are working together to achieve a common goal. Their work is closely linked with each other. Co-ordination function brings all the group efforts together and harmonise them carefully.

(4) Co-ordination is orderly arrangement of group efforts to provide unity of action to achieve common goals. Co-operation, team work and higher efficiency level lead to attainment of goals and thus, it is the essence of organisational success.

7. Attempt the following

Question 1. Explain the importance of planning. Answer: Importance : The importance of planning is explained as follows: (1) Helps to set clear objectives : Planning is the process of setting objectives, targets and formulating plans to achieve these objectives. With the help of proper planning, management can analyse the present condition of the organisation and can identify the ways of attaining the desired position in future.

Question 2. Describe the importance of organizing. Answer: Importance : The importance of organising is explained as follows: (1) Facilitates administration as well as operation : Organising is the process of identifying, grouping and assigning the activities of administration and proceeding according to its operational activity. Due to proper grouping of the task and employees, there is a reduction in duplication of work results in effective delegation.

Question 3. Explain the importance of staffing. Answer: Importance : The importance of staffing is given as follows: (1) Effective management function : Staffing is considered an effective managerial function as it deals with human resource. Employees appointed in the organisation through staffing function perform various activities in different areas of the organisation such as production, marketing, finance, etc.

Question 4. Explain the importance of directing. Answer: Importance : The importance of Directing is as follows: (1) Initiates action : Direction initiates action. It activates employees to put in their best efforts, to achieve the goals. Without effective direction, other managerial functions like planning, organising, staffing, co-ordinating and controlling become ineffective. Managers have to stimulate action by issuing instructions like what to do, how to do, etc. to the subordinates and by supervising them from time to time.

Question 5. Describe the importance of coordinating. Answer: Importance : The importance of Co-ordinating is explained as follows: (1) Encourages Team Spirit : Co-ordination is concerned with integrated group efforts. Team work under the direction of the manager encourages the subordinates to work sincerely and give better performance to achieve organisational goals. Co-ordination helps to reduce the conflicts between the employees and departments regarding policies, roles, etc. and increase their team spirit.

Question 6. Explain the importance of controlling. Answer: Importance : The importance of controlling function is explained as follows: (1) Fulfilling goals of organisation : Controlling helps to fulfil and achieve organisational goals. The controlling function ensures that the activities take place according to the plans and if there is any deviation, timely action is taken. When all the activities are conducted successfully, according to plan the organisational goals can be achieved as desired.

(2) Making efficient utilisation of resources : By using various control techniques, managers can keep a close watch over the utilisation of human, physical and financial resources. They can prevent the misuse or wastage of resources and ensure proper utilisation of the same.

(3) Accuracy of standards : Proper and efficient control system help the management to check the standards set are accurate or not. This system also keeps check on the changes taking place in the organisation from time to time. Controlling functions are flexible to some extent. This in turn facilitates the organisation to review the standards by considering such changes.

(4) Motivates Employees : A good control system gives information in advance about the standard performance and discovers efficient and inefficient employees. Efficient employees may be given Financial rewards or incentives to motivate them further. The manager may recommend motivational measures in case it finds that deviations are due to insufficient motivation.

(5) Ensures order and discipline : An efficient and good control system ensures order and discipline in the organisation. It prevents and reduces unnecessary behaviour on the part of employees. Under this system, regular checking is done by the managers or departmental heads and preventive measures are taken against deviation or indiscipline.

8. Answer the following

Question 1. Define the term Planning and explain the importance of planning. Answer: [A] Meaning : Planning is the fundamental and basic function of management. It is a process of setting goals and choosing the means to achieve these goals. Planning means deciding the future course of action which determines what is to be done, how to do it, when to do it, who is to do it and how results are to be evaluated. It is a detailed programme in which all activities to be performed in future are mentioned keeping in mind the objectives. Thus, it is an intellectual process of logical thinking and rational decision-making.

[B] Importance : The importance of planning is explained as follows: (1) Helps to set clear objectives : Planning is the process of setting objectives, targets and formulating plans to achieve these objectives. With the help of proper planning, management can analyse the present condition of the organisation and can identify the ways of attaining the desired position in future.

(6) Helps in decision-making : Planning helps the management to achieve to take a rational decision and to select best alternatives by considering all positive and negative outcomes of all the alternatives the decisions are taken after selecting the best suitable alternatives a predefined goals.

(7) Useful is setting the standards for controlling: Planning sets the standards of performance to be achieved and which can be measured with the actual performance for find out about any deviation. Such deviation can be taken care by controlling steps. Thus, planning provides basis for maintaining discipline in an organisation.

(8) Facilitates co-ordination of all activities : Proper planning reduces the overlapping among all activities of business which are closely linked with each other. Planning interrelates such activities of all department work as per overall plan and thus management co-ordination is achieved.

(9) Facilitates other functions : Planning is the primary function of all the functions of management. Every organisational function is set to achieve the organisational goals at the planning stage. Other management functions such as organising, staffing, etc. cannot be undertaken till the plan is ready.

(10) Promotes innovative ideas : Planning is the basic function. The process of decision-making involves promotion of innovative ideas after critical thinking. It is the most challenging activity for the management as it guides all future activities and actions of an organisation. In the end, these innovative plans result in attainment of the organisation goals.

Question 2. What is Organising? Explain the importance of organising. Answer: [A] Meaning: Organising is the process of putting together various activities, resource and people into a system so that people work together for achieving planned objectives. Organising means arranging everything in an orderly manner. It means making arrangements like money, machinery, materials, man-power and other physical resources to achieve the predefined goals. The synchronization and combination of workforce, physical, financial and information resources in the process of organising.

[B] Importance : The importance of organising is explained as follows: (1) Facilitates administration as well as operation : Organising is the process of identifying, grouping and assigning the activities of administration and proceeding according to its operational activity. Due to proper grouping of the task and employees, there is a reduction in duplication of work results in effective delegation.

(6) Helps for effective administration : A sound organising structure facilitates in defining the right job to the right individual. Similarly, the functions, duties and role of each and every employee are well defined in the organising function. This facilitates effective administration and ultimately leads to efficient administration.

(7) Helpful for growth and diversification : Smooth and efficient functioning, clearly defined authority and responsibilities and smooth co-ordination leads to the growth of the organisation. Use of appropriate techniques of control brings efficiency and reduces wastages which ultimately leads to higher profitability of the organisation. All this is possible when the structure of the organisation is well defined.

(8) Creates sense of security: Organising function defines and clarifies the jobs, functions and roles, powers and authority assigned to every manager and employee. Clarity in job profile eliminates confusion and gives responsibility. It helps a lot in getting mental satisfaction and develops sense of security.

(9) Scope for innovation : The manager can use his talent, knowledge and experience to take decisions on various matters and problems. For instance, decision to adopt new technique of production in the organisation. Thus, his talent flourishes by adopting new changes in the methods of work.

(10) Optimum utilisation of resources : Organising function lays down the best possible uses of resources for a specific job. Thus, it is possible to use the available resources to their optimum level and thereby avoid wastage as well as their excessive use.

Question 3. What do you mean by Staffing? Describe the importance of staffing. Answer: [A] Meaning : Right person at right job with right pay is the basic principle of staffing, Staffing is the process involved in attracting, identifying, assessing, recruiting, placing, evaluating and directing employees. It is recruitment, selection, development, training and compensation of employees. It is very challenging for the organisation to focus on best utilisation of workforce by using their talents and skills, retaining them and arranging training and t development programme.

[B] Importance : The importance of staffing is given as follows: (1) Effective management function : Staffing is considered an effective managerial function as it deals with human resource. Employees appointed in the organisation through staffing function perform various activities in different areas of the organisation such as production, marketing, finance, etc.

(7) Long term effect : Sub-functions of staffing, namely, proper selection, training, development, motivation, etc. help to achieve long-term benefits such as increase in productivity and efficiency, loyalty of customers and employees, etc.

(8) Essential contribution : The selection of employees should be based on the ability of the prospective candidates to meet the future challenges. Selection is based on the ability of the prospective employee so that organisation can meet the future challenges wisely. Therefore, in staff selection, the selectors should take into account the contribution of the employees in their future roles.

(9) Provides job satisfaction : A good staffing policy creates job satisfaction in the minds of the employees. For instance, proper placement of the individuals according to their knowledge, experience and aptitude, timely promotions, training etc. give job satisfaction. Fair remuneration and job security are the factors which are important in providing job satisfaction.

(10) Maintains harmony: Proper staffing policy helps to develop good labour relations. The performances of employees are regularly appraised and promotions are made on merits. Due to this, employees develop positive attitude towards the management which, in turn, helps to bring about peace and harmony in the organisation.

Question 4. Give the meaning of Directing and explain the importance of directing. Answer: [A] Meaning : Directing is the process of instructing, guiding, inspiring, motivating and supervising the employees to achieve pre-determined organisational goals. It is a continuous function started at top level and flows through the lower level of an organisation. It is continued through out the tenure of an organisation. A few philosophers called it as ‘Life spark of an Enterprise. Director shows the correct path as well as guides the employees in solving the problems.

[B] Importance : The importance of Directing is as follows: (1) Initiates action : Direction initiates action. It activates employees to put in their best efforts, to achieve the goals. Without effective direction, other managerial functions like planning, organising, staffing, co-ordinating and controlling become ineffective. Managers have to stimulate action by issuing instructions like what to do, how to do, etc. to the subordinates and by supervising them from time to time.

(6) Efficient utilisation of resources : Constant instructions can be given to the subordinates to make the maximum use of the available resources and to make every possible effort to minimize the wastages of resources. Thus, effective direction helps in optimum use of available resources such as men, materials, money and methods which helps to reduce cost and increase profit.

(7) Creates team spirit : The supervisors through proper direction can guide, lead and motivate their subordinates to co-ordinate the activities. Thus, team spirit is created which helps the employees to perform their activities more efficiently and on time. This results in faster achievement of organisational goals.

(9) Increases efficiency level : Effective direction and guidance results in better performance of the employees. It also enables the managers and other superiors to guide the subordinates as the leader while performing their jobs.

(8) Exploring capabilities of individuals: Every employee in the organisation has certain capabilities and potential. Through proper direction, motivation and encouragement manager can utilise them to their optimum level to achieve organisational goals and increases efficiency of organisation.

(10) Co-operation : Co-operation between different departments from top level to the bottom level and among the people within the department is must. Co-operation is essential for the success and achievement of organisational goals and for smooth flow of all organisational activities.

Question 5. What is Coordinating? Describe the importance of coordinating. Answer: [A] Meaning : Co-ordination as a function of management refers to the task of developing harmony between various sections of departments and between various departments of the organisation. Thus, co-ordination is a hidden force which binds all other functions of the management integrating the group activities to accomplish the organisational goal efficiency. As the work of each one is linked in an organisation is necessary in co-ordination.

[B] Importance : The importance of Co-ordinating is explained as follows: (1) Encourages Team Spirit : Co-ordination is concerned with integrated group efforts. Team work under the direction of the manager encourages the subordinates to work sincerely and give better performance to achieve organisational goals. Co-ordination helps to reduce the conflicts between the employees and departments regarding policies, roles, etc. and increase their team spirit.

(6) Improve relations : Co-ordination brings develops good relations among the employees working at different levels of management. For instance, marketing department depends upon production department, production department : depends upon purchase department and so on. Proper co-ordination always helps employees to improve and build strong relations among the employees working in different departments.

(7) Leads to Higher Efficiency : Co-ordination facilitates the optimum use of physical and human resources. This leads to higher returns at lesser cost, thereby higher efficiency. Co-ordination ultimately leads to the optimum use of the resources, higher efficiency reduction in cost and reduction in wastages.

(8) Improves goodwill : Higher sales and higher profitability can be achieved due to synchronized efforts. It earns a name and goodwill in the corporate world. This leads to better value of shares in the stock exchange (market).

(9) Unity of direction : Co-ordinating function helps to bring together activities of different departments to achieve common goals and objectives of the organisation. Therefore, co¬ordination is needed to give proper direction to all the departments of the organisation.

(10) Specialisation : In every business organisation all departments are headed by qualified and specialised professionals in their respective field. The specialised knowledge of these departmental heads helps in various managerial decisions. Proper and efficient co-ordination among these professionals helps to achieve organisational goals (targets) as planned by the top management.

Question 6. Define the term Controlling and explain the importance of controlling. Answer: [A] Meaning : Controlling is a function of comparing the actual performance with the predetermined standard performance. It measures deviation, if any, identifies the causes and suggest the corrective measures. It is performed by all levels of management. Controlling is an indispensable function at all levels of management.

[B] Importance : The importance of controlling function is explained as follows: (1) Fulfilling goals of organisation : Controlling helps to fulfil and achieve organisational goals. The controlling function ensures that the activities take place according to the plans and if there is any deviation, timely action is taken. When all the activities are conducted successfully, according to plan the organisational goals can be achieved as desired.

(6) Facilitates co-ordination : Every manager or superior co-ordinates the activities of subordinates towards the process of controlling. Controlling reveals the weak points where co¬ordination falls short, so that the management can take timely action.

(7) Psychological pressure : Efficient control system puts psychological pressure on the employees to perform better. Their performance is measured and compared with standards set from time to time. All the employees know that their performance will be evaluated and hence they put on their best to perform well.

(8) Ensures Organisational Efficiency and Effectiveness : Efficient and proper control system ensures organisational efficiency and ; effectiveness. The factors of controlling such as motivation for better performance, achievement of co-ordination in the performance and managers’ responsibility ensure that the organisation works i more efficiently.

(9) Build good Corporate image : An efficient controlling system helps to improve overall efficiency and quality of work. As a result organisation achieves its goals according set standards. This in turn helps to build a good corporate image and develops reputation of the business.

(10) Acts as a Guide : Controlling function provides set of standard performance. All levels of managers and employees work according to it. They follow these standards to achieve desired results. The steps taken for controlling an activity guide the management while planning any future activity.

HSC OCM question bank with solutions class 12 Maharashtra Board

July 9, 2021

HSC OCM question bank with solutions

Q3. study the following case/situation and express your opinion..

1. Navnath and Jagannath are partners of a firm dealing with civil construction activity. They have set the objective of completing 3 projects within the next four years. Navnath is responsible for arranging funds, construction machinery, and required raw material while Jagannath hired architects, draftsmen, surveyors, contractors and laborers.

Name the management function Navnath was involved in.
Who did staffing for the firm?
Which management function Navnath and Jagannath did jointly?

2. Ms. Harshali started a new business a few years ago. Her customers are located in different parts of the country and hence they are directly depositing bill amounts in her business account. She used to pay various payments from this account only.

Identify the type of account maintained by Ms. Harshali.
Suggest any one modern way of money transfer to Ms. Harshali
What kind of facility does she get on her bank account?

3. Mr. Sadagopan is a businessman he has two factories in Indore and Bhopal. He lives in Bhopal with his wife and two daughters aged 5 and 8 years.

Can Mr. Sadagopan take a life insurance policy for two children?
Is child insurance is suitable for the wife of Mr. Sadagopan?
Which type of insurance should Mr. Sadagopan take for protecting his factories from loss due to fire?

for protecting his factories from loss due to fire.

4. Auto Parts Ltd. is a renowned company situated in Chakradharpur, Jharkhand. This company is a leading manufacturer of auto parts and also exports to some countries around the world. This company has a net worth of Rs.600 Cr. and earned an average net profit of Rs.1.20 Cr in the last 3 financial years. The company has formed a committee of directors to look after the CSR activities of the company.

Provision of which section is applicable in case the company follows CSR activities?
How much amount the does a company need to spend on CSR activities?
How many directors are required to constitute the CSR committee?

Mr. Ram, an emerging entrepreneur has designed a structure of his business organization by taking into consideration the required resources such as land, money, machinery, workforce, etc, for his new business. He appointed Mr.Shyam as a manager. Mr.Ram has assigned responsibilities such as recruitment, selection, training, and development and to determine the remuneration of the employees’ to Mr.Shyam. Mr. Ram has also appointed Mr.Shubham to supervise the work done by the employees according to the standards given to the employees. Mr.Shubham has to also suggest remedies to the employees wherever necessary. In this context, find out the management functions performed by

Mr.Shubham

In ABC Company, Mr. Lele gives instructions to the employees working under him, provides guidance, and motivates them for their best performance. On the other hand, Mr.Sayyad takes an effort to harmonize the work done by the employees of different departments while achieving organizational goals. Mr.Desai is looking after the arrangement of the required resources for the business organization. Mention the name of an employee engaged in the following functions:

Organization
Coordination

Mr. Jagan is a salaried person. He wants to take policy for his two children which assures them protection as well as completes their financial needs once they become major by age.

Suggest him a policy that can satisfy the requirements of his children.
Who are beneficiaries of policy?
In the above case which principle is involved?

Mr. Sharan is a successful manufacturer. He is having production units at various locations. He is having multiple production units, he has a large stock of raw material and finished goods. He is worried about safeguarding goods from any unwanted financial loss. He also requires transferring raw material and finished goods from one unit to another but does not have any facility for that. He also requires funds for expansion.

Name the service which will help him to safeguard goods from any damage?.
Which service will help him to remove the difficulty of the place?
From which service sector will he get financial support?

Mr. Harshad is an entrepreneur and engaged in the production of eco-friendly utensils. Both male and female workers are working in his factory. All male employees are directly working on machines whereas female employees are working in Packaging Department. Mr. Sharath is working as Finance Manager while Mrs. Naina is working as HR Manager who is responsible for recruiting employees in the factory. On this basis:

Identify any one principle of management in the above case.
What is the designation of Mrs. Naina in this organization.
Who is responsible for overall planning of the organisation?

Yashwant Co. Ltd. is providing facilities for their female staff like a daycare center for kids and work from home facility. Even management takes their suggestions while taking the decisions though they are members of trade union

By doing this they are following social responsibilities towards which interest groups?
What values are they presenting?
What kind of responsibilities employer follows in the above case?

Organization manufacturing paint has been enjoying a prominent market position for many years. It has been dumping its untreated poisonous waste on the riverbank: which has created many health problems for the nearby villages.

i) Which responsibility is neglected by the manufacturing organizations? ii) What kind of pollution they are doing? iii) What precautionary measures do they need to take?

Q4. Distinguish Between.

Planning and Directing
Controlling and Coordinating
Organising and Staffing
National Commission and District Commission
Central Bank and commercial bank
Fire insurance and Life insurance
Fixed deposit account and Savings account
State Commission and National Commission
Marine Insurance and Life Insurance
Fire Insurance and Marine Insurance

Q5. Answer in brief.

What is e-business? Explain its advantages
Explain 4ps of the marketing mix.
Explain any four principles scientific of management.
Explain any five rights of consumers.
Describe characteristics of an entrepreneur.
Explain any five functions of an entrepreneur.
State social responsibilities of business towards society.
Explain responsibilities of business towards owners.
Explain any four functions of marketing.
Types of warehouse
Explain the importance of planning.
Explain the importance of ORGANIZING.
Explain the importance of STAFFING.
Explain any five points of the Importance of directing.
Explain the importance of COORDINATING.
Explain the importance of Controlling

Q6. Justify the following statements.

Principles of management are flexible in nature.
An entrepreneur must be an innovator
The right person at the right job with the right pay is the basic principle of staffing.
Management principles are helpful in optimum utilization of resources.
Taylor emphasized on standardization of tools and equipment.
It is easy to set up an e-business as compared to traditional business.
E-business allows users to work across the globe in any field.
Entrepreneurs must be good communicators.
Consumers are protected with various rights.
The Consumer Protection Act was passed in the interest of consumers
Online transaction is done with the help of the internet.
Businesses should allow worker’s participation in management.
Marketing helps in increasing consumer awareness.
Business organisations have responsibilities towards different interest groups
Planning is the first function of management.
Promotion plays an important role in marketing
The role of NGOs is important in consumer protection
CPA has set up various consumer dispute redressal forums at various levels

Q7. Attempt the following.

Explain the rights of the consumer.
Explain the secondary function of a commercial bank
Explain social responsibility towards government
Explain types of banks
What outsourcing? Explain its advantages and disadvantages
What is E-business? Explain its advantages and disadvantages
What are the functions of Warehouse?
Explain marine insurance policies
Explain principles of scientific management.
Explain the nature of principles of management
Explain the process of online transactions.
Explain the entrepreneurship development programme.
Explain the significance of principles of management.

Q.8. Answer the following.

What is insurance? Explain the principles of insurance.
What is life insurance? Explain the types of life insurance policy
What is fire insurance? Explain the types of fire insurance policy
Define Bank, Explain different types of Banks.
Explain in detail the 7Ps of Marketing.

For Answer Click Here

For other subjects click here for ocm click here.

Reference: MHSB Books

HSC OCM question bank with solutions HSC question bank with solution class 12 Maharashtra Board, OCM important questions, hsc board exam 2022, important questions of Organisation of Commerce and Management

Hi!I am 12th Standard Commerce Student

I need question bank solution

Post your Comment Cancel reply

Your email address will not be published. Required fields are marked *

Please enter an answer in digits: 11 − 11 =

12th HSC OCM Important Questions 2025

case study mr ram an emerging entrepreneur

12th economics board paper 2024 solutions

how to check merit list of colleges 2024 Mumbai University

FYBA IDOL Semester 2 Previous Year Question Papers

How Intrapreneurship Accelerates Organizations: 4 Case Studies

Fostering an intrapreneurial culture can reap long-lasting rewards for your business, what is intrapreneurship.

Intrapreneurship is a people-centric approach to developing an entrepreneurial culture . Unlike entrepreneurs, intrapreneurs are actual employees who work with an existing company’s resources to achieve corporate innovation.

While the term “intrapreneurship” has a debatable history, it was first coined by Gifford Pinchot III and Elizabeth Pinchot in their published paper “Intra-Corporate Entrepreneurship” in 1978 and used again in their 1985 book “Intrapreneuring”. The term is a portmanteau of the words “inside” and “entrepreneur”.

Intrapreneurs are not building ventures from scratch, nor are they investing their own money into businesses. Instead, these people use an entrepreneurial mindset to develop innovative products and ideas that benefit the companies they’re working for.

Intrapreneurship can be achieved in 2 ways:

Experimenting with new lines of business through investment in new internal ideas
Instilling an entrepreneurial approach to strategy and execution into existing business lines

Why intrapreneurship accelerates growth

Companies that embrace innovation while optimizing existing products see lasting growth and profitability. A powerful yet simple approach to achieving innovation is capitalizing on the most important resource within your company: your people.

Research shows that intrapreneurship elevates both productivity scores and employee engagement . This is especially true for those employees who are more motivated by rewards as opposed to punishment. (As you might expect, employees that have a cautious and risk-averse mindset generally do not make good intrapreneurs.)

Why it’s hard to achieve

Intrapreneurship runs the risk of pinning all hope on a “genius who can save the day” which results in unpredictability of results and returns. This in turn can make it hard to champion intrapreneurship again in the future in front of boards and execs.

Furthermore, intrapreneurship isn’t as perfect a fit for all industries, especially where capital requirements and regulatory burdens are high. Some industries like aerospace and energy may face headwinds simply because the investment into internal startups must be more significant to generate data and measurable returns—and usually without the typical funding channels available to the rest of the business.

Intrapreneurial projects are also different from a traditional startup that is usually based on a blank canvas. As Bill Aulet, director of the Martin Trust Center for MIT Entrepreneurship puts it, startups are generally worry-free compared to larger companies. When you’re operating an enterprise, there’s already “a lot of paint on the canvas”.

An established business like this has several products, revenues, staff, processes, and an organizational structure—all those things that a startup is still trying to obtain—which can be both an enabler and a decelerant.

As startups mature, staying flexible and avoiding rigidity becomes harder. An entrepreneur has nothing to lose, but when you’re part of a bigger business you just don’t have that much freedom anymore due to potential threats and risks. Maintaining a balance in cases like these is crucial.

The right way to do intrapreneurship

Companies leveraging intrapreneurship the most fully tend to have 4 traits :

They embrace uncertainty
They assemble the right team and resources around intrapreneurs
They reward agility and incremental proof
They widely explore new customer needs and segments

Let's explore 4 companies that have had stellar results from intrapreneurship.

Case study 1: Amazon Web Services

Amazon Web Services (AWS) is a global cloud computing service provider. The story of how AWS became the workhorse of the cloud computing industry, now standing next to such giants as IBM, Microsoft, and Google, is fascinating, to say the least.

According to Andy Jassy, AWS leader and SVP , no “ah-ha” moment lead Amazon, then an online bookseller, to become a game-changing force in the technology market. Instead, the idea to expand gradually emerged out of the company’s frustration with its ability to support existing customers, and launch projects.

Amazon stumbled upon the concept of AWS while trying to solve a recurring need for faster technology deployments. The reason for this was the company’s focus on delivering better experiences both internally and for its partners.

The AWS team soon started as an intrapreneurial venture within Amazon. After some time, the company began to look seriously at what this branch of business would look like in the long term. Amazon’s early-stage startup questions included:

Is there a market need for a better solution?
Do we have the competency to provide a successful product?
Is the space large enough to become part of the business?
Do we have a differentiated approach?

The answer to all of these was a solid yes. AWS was launched in 2006 and soon manifested itself as a disruptive approach to cloud computing development.

Case study 2: PlayStation

PlayStation is a captivating story of a successful product creation launched by Sony’s intrapreneur Ken Kutaragi.

Ken joined Sony in Japan in 1975. He was working as an electrical engineer at Sony sound labs when he bought his daughter a Nintendo game console. As his daughter played games, he noticed that the quality of the sound was sub-par. Ken figured that a digital chip dedicated to sound would drastically improve the quality of the gaming system.

Long story short, he started working as an outside consultant for Nintendo while keeping his day job at Sony. Ken managed to develop the SPC7000 for Nintendo games, and as he continued working as a part-time consultant, he eventually developed a CD-ROM-based system for Nintendo.

Nintendo decided not to move forward with the CD-ROM system. That’s when Ken saw the market opportunity of gaming systems for Sony. Being a natural intrapreneur, he pressed hard to convince Sony to enter the electronic gaming industry. Sony’s then-CEO Chairman Ohga recognized Ken’s creativity and innovation-focused mindset. He backed Kutaragi’s plan despite most of the senior management opposing the idea.

Ken went on to lead the effort to help Sony develop a gaming system that later became widely known as PlayStation. The product became a global success, taking a significant market share of the same consoles and selling more than 70 million units in the late 1990s . By 1998, the PlayStation made up 40 percent of Sony’s operating revenues.

Case study 3: Post-It Notes

Post-It Notes is the classic business school example of an intrapreneurial mindset. It all started in 1974 when a 3M engineer Arthur Fry saw that a special adhesive developed by the company was failing. He noticed the glue had a slight tacky quality so he tried some of it to stick a note in his hymnal. Not only did it work, but it was also easily removable.

However, after the initial discovery, 3M management failed to see value in the non-sticky adhesive. There was no internal senior support for the concept until a change in management in 1973. That’s when the new products laboratory manager Geoff Nicholson was convinced to give this a go.

It wasn’t until 1977 that the product has been finally tested for real-world sales, and the rest is history.

Case study 4: Gmail

As Google’s CEO, Eric Schmidt puts it , Google’s business is all about innovation. A notable aspect of Google’s innovative culture is its legendary 20 percent time policy that allows employees to invest about a day per week to pursue projects outside of their area of duty. Through this practice, Google encourages its employees to act as intrapreneurs and think outside the box. Most of the time, Googlers that work on 20 percent projects join forces with others to create an internal start-up.

One of the most notorious and successful examples that resulted from this practice is Gmail. It all started with Google’s employee Paul Buchheit and his idea to expand Google’s services by developing a web-based email that could provide a search engine.

Most within the company thought this was a bad idea from both the strategic and product point of view. But all worries were set aside when founders of Google Larry Page and Sergey Brin decided to go ahead and support Paul’s project.

As a result, Google’s Gmail launched in 2004 and became the company’s first landmark service since its search engine service started in 1998.

Today, Gmail has more than 1.5 billion active users from around the world. It has gone from a small intrapreneurial experiment to becoming one of the key services of Google’s product offering.

Final words

It’s important to understand that intrapreneurship is by no means the catch-all solution for companies looking to innovate. As mentioned earlier, intrapreneurship is not made for every business, and it certainly can’t solve all problems. Think of it more like one of the many elements that can be applied to foster company innovation.

The case studies provided in this article all point out one simple truth: intrapreneurship isn’t just about doing things in a certain way but is more of a mindset that enables your employees to think and act in a way that supports entrepreneurial culture within the company.

It’s also not about hero employees saving the day. Developing an intrapreneurial culture takes time and has to be supported at an organization-wide level to bring lasting results.

Photo by Riccardo Annandale .

Subscribe for innovation and strategy insights.

What are Incremental Moonshots in Innovation?

What To Do After a Strategic Planning Process Meeting

Delve Leverages Gaussian Strategy Workshop Framework In 2023 Planning And Goals

Work with gaussian consulting, related consulting services.

Many companies work with us to achieve the best practices and outcomes mentioned in this article. Our services focus on clients' most pressing opportunities and challenges, no matter the industry.

Agile executives

Embed Agile in strategy, not just in development

Experiment-driven initiatives

Make initiatives agile by designing them as sequences of short, measurable experiments

Organizational restructure

Align org structures for agile, measurable impact

R&D capital planning

Plan your research investments

Profitable innovation. New York, NY London, UK

Mr. Ram, an emerging entrepreneur has designed a structure of his business organization by taking into consideration the required resources

Study the following case and express your opinion

(i) Mr. Ram

(ii) Mr. Shyam

(iii) Mr. Shubham

(i) Mr. Ram performs the function of planning and organising. He is an emerging entrepreneur and plans the business structure and organises different resources.

(ii) Mr Shyam is performing the function of staffing as his main duty is to recruit, select, train and develop the employees and to decide their remuneration accordingly.

Case-Study Method in Small Business and Entrepreneurial Research

L. Perren , Monder Ram
Published 1 February 2004
Business, Philosophy
International Small Business Journal

Figures and Tables from this paper

248 Citations

Contextualising case studies in entrepreneurship: a tandem approach to conducting a longitudinal cross-country case study, a review of research methods in entrepreneurship 1985-2013, linking corporate entrepreneurship and human resource management in smes., exploring firm development in the context of new zealand smes, problem solving in small firms: an interpretive study, doctoral education in entrepreneurship: a european case study, using interpretive qualitative case studies for exploratory research in doctoral studies: a case of information systems research in small and medium enterprises, a qualitative approach to evidence–based entrepreneurship: theoretical considerations and an example involving business clusters, absorbing new knowledge in small and medium-sized enterprises: a multiple case analysis of six sigma, adoption of human resource practices within a south african small business: a case study, 81 references, research strategies for small business: a case study approach, small business and entrepreneurial research.

Highly Influential

Selecting Methodologies for Entrepreneurial Research: Trade-offs and Guidelines

Case survey method in entrepreneurship research, managing autonomy: employment relations in small professional service firms, corporate entrepreneurship and cross-functional fertilization: activation, process and disintegration of a new product design team, a synthesis of six exploratory, european case studies of successfully exited, venture capital-financed, new technology-based firms, profiles in small business: a competitive strategy approach, the evolution of management accounting routines in small businesses: a social construction perspective, the process of exporting in ownner-controlled firms, related papers.

Showing 1 through 3 of 0 Related Papers

Knowledge...

Advertisement, mr. ram, an emerging entrepreneur has designed a structure of his business organization by taking into consideration the required resources such as land, money, machinery, workforce, etc,.

Mr. Ram, an emerging entrepreneur has designed a structure of his business organization by taking into consideration the required resources such as land, money, machinery, workforce, etc, for his new business. He appointed Mr.Shyam as a manager. Mr.Ram has assigned responsibilities such as recruitment, selection, training, and development and to determine the remuneration of the employees' to Mr.Shyam. Mr. Ram has also appointed Mr.Shubham to supervise the work done by the employees according to the standards given to the employees.

Mr.Shubham has to also suggest the remedies to the employees wherever necessary.

In this context, find out the management functions performed by

ii. Mr.Shyam

iii. Mr.Shubham

Solution:

Mr. Ram performs the function of planning and organizing. He is an emerging entrepreneur and plans the business structure and organizes different resources.

Mr. Shyam is performing the function of staffing as his main duty is to recruit, select, train, and develop the employees and to decide their remuneration accordingly.

Mr. Subham is performing the function of controlling. He compares the actual performance of employees with the standard performance given. He discovers the causes of deviations and suggests remedies to overcome deviations.

Explain the following terms/concept. Management - Organisation of Commerce and Management

Advertisements.

Explain the following term/concept.

Solution Show Solution

Management is a set of principles which relate to the various functions such as planning, organizing, staffing, directing, coordinating, controlling etc. which are helpful in achieving organizational goals. According to Henry Fayol, "To manage is to forecast and to plan, to organize, to command and to control."

Select a course

Class 1 - 4
Class 5 - 8
Class 9 - 10
Class 11 - 12
Search by Text or Image
Textbook Solutions
Study Material
Remove All Ads
Change mode

IMAGES

Why to be an Entrepreneur.. By Eminent Speaker Mr. Ram Bende » AICADT
“If money is the only motive behind being an entrepreneur, you must
“If money is the only motive behind being an entrepreneur, you must
“If money is the only motive behind being an entrepreneur, you must
“If money is the only motive behind being an entrepreneur, you must
“If money is the only motive behind being an entrepreneur, you must

VIDEO

Time Management, Case Study Mr Jagannath Pollai Motivationl Spekar
Three Most Inspiring Speech, Case Study Mr Jagannath Pollai Motivationl Spekar
DUBAI How to Growth Tourism Place, Case Study Mr Jagannath Pollai Motivationl Spekar
3 lessons i learned as an entrepreneur
Theories Of Entrepreneurship Part 2
MS DHONI Biography

COMMENTS

Study the following case/situation and express your opinion. Mr. Ram
Mr. Ram performs the function of planning and organizing. He is an emerging entrepreneur and plans the business structure and organizes different resources. Mr. Shyam is performing the function of staffing as his main duty is to recruit, select, train, and develop the employees and to decide their remuneration accordingly.
Mr. Ram, an emerging entrepreneur has designed a structure of his
Study the following case and express your opinion. Mr. Ram, an emerging entrepreneur has designed a structure of his business organization by taking into consideration the required resources such as land, money, machinery, workforce, etc. for his new business. He appointed Mr. Shyam as a manager.
Study the following case/situation and express your opinion
1) Mr. Jagan is a salaried person should take Child insurance polic y to satisfy the requirement of his children. 2) Mr. Jagan's children are the beneficiaries of this policy. 3) In the above case Principle of Insurable interest in involved. 3) Mr. Sharan is a successful manufacturer.
SYJC OCM CASE Study Answers
Q Study the following case/situation and express your opinion. (pg. no. 34): Mr. Ram, an emerging entrepreneur has designed a structure of his business organisation by taking into consideration the required resources such as land, money, machinery, workforce etc. for his new business. He appointed Mr. Shyam as a manager. Mr.
Maharashtra Board OCM 12th Commerce Solutions Chapter 2 Functions of
3. Study the following case/situation and express your opinion. Question 1. Mr. Ram, an emerging entrepreneur has designed a structure of his business organization by taking into consideration the required resources such as land, money, machinery, workforce, etc. for his new business. He appointed Mr. Shyam as a manager. Mr.
12th OCM Question Paper 2021 with Solution
Study the following case/situation and express your opinion : (Any Two) (6) 1) Mr. Ram, an emerging entrepreneur has designed a structure of his business organization by taking into consideration the required resources such as land, money, machinery, workforce, etc, for his new business. He appointed Mr.Shyam as a manager.
Solutions for Chapter 2: Functions of Management
Mr. Ram, an emerging entrepreneur has designed a structure of his business organization by taking into consideration the required resources such as land, money, machinery, workforce, etc, for his new business. ... Study the following case/situation and express your opinion. In XYZ Company, Mr. Lele gives instructions to the employees working ...
12th OCM 2nd chapter exercise (Functions of Management ...
Q.3 Study the following case/situation and express your opinion. (1) Mr. Ram, an emerging entrepreneur has designed a structure of his business organization by taking into consideration the required resources such as land, money, machinery, workforce etc, for his new business. He appointed Mr.Shyam as a manager.
Case Study Method: A Step-by-Step Guide for Business Researchers
Although case studies have been discussed extensively in the literature, little has been written about the specific steps one may use to conduct case study research effectively (Gagnon, 2010; Hancock & Algozzine, 2016).Baskarada (2014) also emphasized the need to have a succinct guideline that can be practically followed as it is actually tough to execute a case study well in practice.
Case-Study Method in Small Business and Entrepreneurial Research:
Murray, G. (1996) 'A Synthesis of Six Exploratory, European Case Studies of Successfully Exited, Venture Capital-financed, New-technology-based Firms', Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice 20(4): 41-60 .
Study the following case/situation and express your opinion. Mr. Ram
Study the following case/situation and express your opinion. Mr. Ram, an emerging entrepreneur has designed a structure of his business organization by taking into consideration the required resources such as land, money, machinery, workforce, etc, for his new business. He appointed Mr.Shyam as a manager.
Chapter 2: Functions of Management
Study the following case/situation and express your opinion. Mr. Ram, an emerging entrepreneur has designed a structure of his business organization by taking into consideration the required resources such as land, money, machinery, workforce, etc, for his new business. He appointed Mr.Shyam as a manager.
Case study-Journal Entry
Case study for Journal Entries Mr. Ram is an enterprising person who had worked as a Manager for 5 years in the Department of Cables at ABB Ltd, Vadodara. He has started his own venture of manufacturing high voltage cables for power transmission in 2022, 'Power Tech'. He had prospects in Maintenance and Servicing so he incorporated a ...
HSC OCM question bank with solutions class 12 Maharashtra Board
Study the following case/situation and express your opinion. 1. Navnath and Jagannath are partners of a firm dealing with civil construction activity. ... Mr. Ram, an emerging entrepreneur has designed a structure of his business organization by taking into consideration the required resources such as land, money, machinery, workforce, etc, for ...
Organisation of Commerce and Management Official 2022-2023 HSC Commerce
Study the following case/situation and express your opinion. Mr. Ram, an emerging entrepreneur has designed a structure of his business organization by taking into consideration the required resources such as land, money, machinery, workforce, etc, for his new business. He appointed Mr.Shyam as a manager.
PDF Scholar's Academy
Study the following case / situation and express your opinion (Any TWO) : (1) Mr. Ram, an emerging entrepreneur has designed a structure of his business organisation by taking into consideration the required resources such as land, money, machinery, workforce, etc. for his new business. He has appointed Mr. Shyam as manager. Mr. Ram has ...
How Intrapreneurship Accelerates Organizations: 4 Case Studies
Intrapreneurship is a people-centric approach to developing an entrepreneurial culture. Unlike entrepreneurs, intrapreneurs are actual employees who work with an existing company's resources to achieve corporate innovation. While the term "intrapreneurship" has a debatable history, it was first coined by Gifford Pinchot III and Elizabeth ...
Mr. Ram, an emerging entrepreneur has designed a structure of his
Mr. Ram, an emerging entrepreneur has designed a structure of his business organization by taking into consideration the required resources Study the following case and express your opinion Mr. Ram, an emerging entrepreneur has designed a structure of his business organization by taking into consideration the required resources such as land, money, machinery, workforce, etc. for his new business.
Case-Study Method in Small Business and Entrepreneurial Research
The case-study method has a long and respected history in the mainstream management literature. The philosophy and implications of the case-study method have received considerable attention and there are a number of standard texts on the approach. The method is also gaining acceptance, along with other qualitative methods, within the small business and entrepreneurial research community.
Mr. Ram, an emerging entrepreneur has designed a structure of his
Mr. Ram performs the function of planning and organizing. He is an emerging entrepreneur and plans the business structure and organizes different resources. Mr. Shyam is performing the function of staffing as his main duty is to recruit, select, train, and develop the employees and to decide their remuneration accordingly.
Family Dynamics in a Small Consultancy Firm: A Case Study
Moreover, it is well established that the presence of the family can be an important influence upon social relations in small firms. This paper examines whether family dynamics impinge upon the management of small consultancy firms, a sector that is closely associated with a discourse of' knowledge', `expertise', and `competence'.
Explain the following terms/concept. Management
Study the following case/situation and express your opinion. Mr. Ram, an emerging entrepreneur has designed a structure of his business organization by taking into consideration the required resources such as land, money, machinery, workforce, etc, for his new business. He appointed Mr.Shyam as a manager.

Mr. Ram, an emerging entrepreneur has designed a structure of his business organization by taking into consideration the required resources

Please log in or register to add a comment.

Find MCQs & Mock Test

Related questions

Maharashtra Board OCM 12th Commerce Solutions Chapter 2 Functions of Management

Maharashtra State Board 12th Organisation of Commerce and Management Solutions Chapter 2 Functions of Management

Leave a Comment Cancel reply

HSC OCM question bank with solutions class 12 Maharashtra Board

HSC OCM question bank with solutions

Q4. Distinguish Between.

Q5. Answer in brief.

Q6. Justify the following statements.

Q7. Attempt the following.

Q.8. Answer the following.

For Answer Click Here

Post your Comment Cancel reply

RECENT POST

12th HSC OCM Important Questions 2025

12th economics board paper 2024 solutions

how to check merit list of colleges 2024 Mumbai University

FYBA IDOL Semester 2 Previous Year Question Papers

How Intrapreneurship Accelerates Organizations: 4 Case Studies

Why intrapreneurship accelerates growth

Why it’s hard to achieve

The right way to do intrapreneurship

Case study 1: Amazon Web Services

Case study 2: PlayStation

Case study 3: Post-It Notes

Case study 4: Gmail

Final words

Subscribe for innovation and strategy insights.

What are Incremental Moonshots in Innovation?

What To Do After a Strategic Planning Process Meeting

Delve Leverages Gaussian Strategy Workshop Framework In 2023 Planning And Goals

Agile executives

Experiment-driven initiatives

Organizational restructure

R&D capital planning

Mr. Ram, an emerging entrepreneur has designed a structure of his business organization by taking into consideration the required resources

Related Questions

Case-Study Method in Small Business and Entrepreneurial Research

Figures and Tables from this paper

248 Citations

Selecting Methodologies for Entrepreneurial Research: Trade-offs and Guidelines

Knowledge...

Explain the following terms/concept. Management - Organisation of Commerce and Management

Solution Show Solution

RELATED QUESTIONS

Select a course

IMAGES

VIDEO

COMMENTS