crime ielts essay vocabulary

IELTS vocabulary: crime and punishment

Updated: April 7th 2022

In IELTS writing task 2 various topics come up, such as the environment, family, society, work, technology, education, food and diet, health, sports and sometimes crime. The topic of crime is difficult for many students as there is so much vocabulary surrounding this.

When learning new words you should always learn how the words collocate in a sentence. Research has shown that the best method is to learn set phrases and ‘chunks of language’ not single word lists when learning a new language. When learning new phrases practice making sentences with them to see how they look in context.

To see an IELTS essay model answer on the topic of ‘crime’ click the blue button below and make note of any new words you find.

Some people think that the best way to reduce crime is to give longer prison sentences. Others, however, believe there are better alternative ways of reducing crime. Discuss both views and give your opinion.

Some people argue that longer jail terms are the most effective way to lower the crime rate, whereas others think that it is possible to reduce criminal offences using different methods. This essay argues that serious offenders should serve longer prison time because society needs to be protected from dangerous criminals.

On the one hand, it is widely felt that prolonged incarceration is necessary for people who commit terrible crimes to reduce the crime rate, and I completely agree with this view. This is because serious criminals such as murderers, rapists or violent offenders need to be kept away from society for as long as possible. If they are released early they will most likely re-offend and go on to commit terrible acts. For instance, evidence suggests that crime rates in developed countries, which have very long prison sentences or the death penalty for murder, are considerably lower than those with lenient sentences.

On the other hand, there is an argument that relying on sentencing to longer incarceration periods is not effective in lowering crime. In other words, society should find ways to tackle the issue of re-offending. To illustrate this, studies from the UK Government have shown that most ex-inmates tend to re-offend because they cannot integrate back into society. Hence, they need support such as education and job training to rebuild their life rather than spending years behind bars. I believe that helping them is essential to stop them from re-offending, however, heavier penalties for serious crimes must not be overlooked.

In conclusion, despite differing views on how to reduce crime, I believe keeping hardened criminals in jail for extended periods is essential to deter them from going back into society and endangering public safety.

Types of crime:

For definitions and meaning go to www.dictionary.com and type the word into the ‘definitions’ box at the top of the page..

Serious crimes

Fraud / Scam
Manslaughter
Attempted murder
Drug smuggling
Human trafficking
Embezzlement
Organised crime
Corporate crime

Less serious crimes

Shoplifting
Petty crime / Misdemeanour
Juvenile crime
Drink driving
Texting while driving
Jumping a red light/traffic violations
Pickpocketing
Possession of drugs (in some countries this is a serious crime)

People who carry out the crimes (in red) notice the article ‘a’ before the person

Burglary – a burglar Theft – a thief Pickpocketing – a pickpocket Murder – a murderer Robbery – a robber Mugging – a mugger Fraud – a fraudster Scam – a scammer Shoplifting – a shoplifter Hacking – a hacker Arson – an arsonist Offence – an offender Crime – a criminal

Example sentences:

Click the button below to see these words in context.

Online fraud and internet banking scams are rising all over the world now.
The number of phishing scams has increased recently.
Extortion is commonly used by organised crime syndicates in many countries.
She was imprisoned for 25 years for committing murder.
He spent 8 years in jail for committing manslaughter .
Shoplifting is common among people who are experiencing poverty.
Petty crime, such as shoplifting, has decreased considerably in this town.
Juvenile crime was a serious issue in London during the 1970s.
He spent 1 year in prison for burglary.
Human trafficking is a major problem worldwide now.
Corporate crime, such as bribery , is widespread among developed nations.
The number of muggings in London is much lower now compared to a decade ago.
He was charged with assault and sentenced to prison for 6 months.
A parking fine is usually considered to be a misdemeanour .
He pleaded guilty to attempted murder and was given a lengthy jail term.

Collocations and set phrases:

Here are some common phrases and collocations connected to crime with some example sentences to show how they fit in the context of a sentence.

bring crime rates down / reduce crime rates

The government has announced new policies to reduce crime rates.
The government has announced new policies to bring crime rates down.

sentenced to prison / to be given a prison sentence

He was sentenced to 3 months in prison for fraud.
He was given a 2-year prison sentence for robbery.

found guilty of a crime

He was found guilty of fraud and was given 2 years in prison by the Judge.

convicted of a crime

He was convicted of murder and was given life imprisonment.

jail / prison / behind bars / incarcerated / locked up

The judge sentenced him to 6 months in prison.
The judge sentenced him to 6 months in jail.
He was incarcerated for 5 years.
Many people believe that long term incarceration is the best punishment for murder.
Dangerous criminals need to be locked up.
He is serving 2 years behind bars for arson.

serving time/imprisonment

He is serving time behind bars for fraud .
Imprisonment for serious offences should be far higher than for less serious crimes.

commit a crime / c riminal activities / break the law

The number of crimes committed rose by 12% last year.
He committed a serious crime so he will be punished accordingly.
Criminal activities have been increasing due to far fewer police patrols in the city centre.
If you break the law you could go to jail or get a fine.

offenders / lawbreakers / offences / re-offend / re-offending

Offences such as shoplifting and theft have declined in recent years.
The number of serious offenders in the UK has dropped by 5% this year.
Law courts must deal with lawbreakers effectively.
Many serious criminals tend to re-offend after being released from prison.
Re-offending is common among those that were jailed for long periods.

accused of wrongdoing

The politician was accused of wrongdoing so he resigned from his post.

heavy penalties / strict penalties / harsh treatment

The police give heavy penalties to anyone caught drinking and driving.
Strict penalties for drunk driving are widely believed to be the most effective policy.
In some societies, harsh treatment in prison is considered the best way to deter serious crimes.

a lenient sentence / get off lightly / a soft option

Although the offender was accused of manslaughter, he got a lenient sentence of only 9 months.
Considering that he was convicted of assault, he got off lightly with only a fine.
Fines for drunk driving offences are often believed to be a soft option.

the criminal justice system

The criminal justice system in Japan is in desperate need of reform.

convicts / prisoners / inmates

In developing countries, many of the inmates receive harsh treatment in prison.
The news reported that there were two escaped convicts on the loose.
Many of the prisoners took part in riots protesting the extremely harsh conditions of the jail

rehabilitation/counselling sessions

In Norway, there is an emphasis on rehabilitation of offenders with regular counselling sessions , rather than long periods in jail.

integrate back into society

It is very difficult for someone who has been in jail for many years to integrate back into society.

held under house arrest

The businessman is being held under house arrest while authorities investigate the charges of embezzlement against him.

community service

Many people would argue that community service is just a soft option for criminals.

act as a deterrent

The main advantage of long prison sentences is that they act as a deterrent.

pay a hefty fine

The police are giving out hefty fines of $500 to anyone caught speeding.

seek compensation

The defendants’ lawyer is seeking compensation for the wrongful imprisonment of his client.

a miscarriage of justice

He was wrongfully convicted of murder and spent 10 years in prison due to a miscarriage of justice.

Other useful phrases

Take a look at the example sentences and check the online dictionary for the full definition here www.dictionary.com

Court – The case will be heard in court next Monday
Court case – After the high profile court case he was followed everywhere by the press.
The judge – The judge sentenced him to 3 years in prison.
The defendant – The defendant wanted more time to prepare his case.
The jury – The jury came to a decision and found the defendant not guilty.
Charged with a crime – The defendant was charged with robbery.
Guilty – She was found guilty of shoplifting
Innocent – He was found innocent and not charged with any crime.
Evidence / Proof – There was no evidence or proof to show that he committed the crime.
Verdict – The jury reached a verdict and found the defendant guilty of fraud.
In custody – She spent 5 days in custody awaiting her sentence.
Trial – He is currently in custody and is awaiting trial.
Witness – The witness was given police protection as it was a high profile murder case.
Make an appeal – The defence lawyer made an appeal to the judge as he felt that the punishment was very unfair.
Seek damages – The defendant is seeking damages for unlawful imprisonment.

On this page you will find crime vocabulary . These crime words will help you write about the topic or talk about it in the test.

You will find:

At the bottom of the page you will find links to essays connected to crime topics.

View essays which use crime vocabulary:

Reducing Crime Essay

Youth Crime Essay

Fear of Crime Essay

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Learn information technology vocabulary, which provides you with a new word, a definition, and then the word in context.

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Learn about the Arts vocabulary to help you in the IELTS test for speaking, writing, reading and listening.

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Crime and punishment IELTS model essay with vocabulary

Our band nine sample essays give you the opportunity to learn from successful essays that show off the best structure, vocabulary and grammar. This IELTS essay on crime and punishment explores the advantages and disadvantages of harsh punishment for criminals.

band Nine Sample Essay

In some countries, crimes are punished harshly. what are some advantages and disadvantages of this approach.

Several nations have opted to implement a system of strict penalties, such as long jail sentences and execution, for crimes. In this essay, I will explore the advantage that this is a good deterrent with the disadvantage that this harms rehabilitation .

Punitive measures can help deter future crime. If people can see that crimes will be punished harshly, they are far less likely to want to commit a crime . Because people consider risk versus reward before acting, making crime as risky as possible by increasing punishment can stop criminals. Conversely, when countries have light punishments for crimes like shoplifting , people in those countries might feel like it is worth the risk to do these crimes.

However, these strong punishments also increase recidivism by failing to rehabilitate people. One of the main purposes of sending people to prison is to prevent them from committing crimes when they leave; however, making prisons and other punishments too strict works against this purpose. When criminals have a heavily punitive experience, they lose self-confidence and become distrustful of authority , meaning they are more likely to be involved in crime when they leave prison. Alternatively, if prisoners have access to training and support, such as drug rehabilitation programs and anger management classes, they are far more likely to rejoin society in a productive way.

In conclusion, the correct punishment for crimes is a complex issue. On the one hand, strong measures deter crime; on the other hand, the same measures make it more likely for prisoners to reoffend .

crime and punishment vocabulary

Although crime and punishment is a common topic in the IELTS exam, there, thankfully, is not too much vocabulary you need to know for it. Let’s take a look at some of the high level vocabulary in this answer to kick start your learning.

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IELTS Vocabulary – Crime and Policing

Finance & Money
Communication
Climate Change
Social Media
Entertainment
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Environment
Crime and Policing
IELTS Vocab

The topic of crime often comes up on the IELTS test and it can be challenging because it covers such a wide range of situations and vocabulary. As well as understanding the meaning of crime vocabulary you must be aware of the correct collocations of the words. This page provides the meanings of the words and real examples of how they can be used in answers. There are some exercises for you to practice using the words in context.

Different types of Crime Vocabulary
Different types of Crime Activity
General Crime Vocabulary
General Crime Vocabulary Activity
Crime Collocations
Crime Collocations Activity

1. Different types of Crime

Below is a list of the most common types of crime that may come up on the IELTS test. For some of the crimes, the person who commits it has a specific name that is written in parenthesis.

Abduction / Kidnapping –(Abductor/Kidnapper) – The act of taking someone by force against their will
Assault – An act that threatens physical or sexual harm to a person, whether or not it is done or not.
Arson – (Arsonist) – The deliberate starting of fires
Bribery – Money or favours given to influence people in power. For example, police officers and politicians
Drink driving – (Drunk drivers) – Operating a vehicle under the influence of alcohol
Drug dealing – (Drug dealer) – The act of selling drugs to other people
Drug possession – (Drug user) – The act of being caught in the possession of drugs
Drug smuggling – (Drug smuggler) –The act of transporting drugs across international borders
Corruption – Dishonest or fraudulent conduct by those in power. Often involves bribery.
Extorsion –(Extortionists) – Obtaining money or benefit through threats, force, or intimidation
Fraud/Deception – (Fraudster) – Using deceit to result in financial or personal gain
Human trafficking – (Human traffickers) – Transporting people, often against their will, to benefit from their work or service. For example, forced labour and sexual exploitation.
Identity theft – Assuming a different person’s identity, usually for financial gain.
Manslaughter – The unintentional killing of another person
Mugging – (Mugger) – The act of attacking and stealing from another person in public
Murder – (Murderer) – The premeditated act of taking another person’s life
Organised crime – Criminal activities planned by groups and carried out on a large scale.
Robbery – (Robber) – The act of forcefully taking property from a person or place
Shoplifting – (Shoplifter) – The act of stealing from shops or stores
Theft – (Thief) – The act of stealing something
Vandalism – (Vandal) – The destruction or damage to public or private property

2. Activity 1 – Different types of crime activity

identity theft
organised crime
drug trafficking
people trafficking
manslaughter
drink driving
drug possession

3. General Vocabulary for Crime and Policing

Here are some of the most useful/common words that may come up when discussing crime and justice. There is an activity for you to practice using the words in context.

Arrest – To take someone into custody (police station) by legal authority
Barrister – A lawyer who is allowed to practice in the higher courts
Conviction – A formal declaration of guilt made by the judge or jury
Court – The place where a trial takes place / The process of trial either with a judge or jury
Defendant/Accused – The person(s) being accused of breaking the law
Evidence/Proof – The statements, information, or physical objects that prove or disprove a crime
Guilty – The person(s) accused of the crime is responsible for the wrongdoing
Innocent – The person(s) accused of the crime is not responsible for the wrongdoing
Jail/Prison – The place where a person convicted of a crime is sent to serve their sentence
Judge – An official who decides cases of law
Jury – A group consisting of members of the public who decide the verdict in a legal case
Lawyer – A person qualified to practice law
Offence/Crime – The breaking of a rule/law – An illegal act
Probation – The release of a criminal under certain conditions such as electronic tagging or good behaviour.
Prosecution – The lawyers/institution conducting legal proceedings against the defendant/accused
Reoffending – Committing a new crime after being released from prison
Solicitor – A person qualified to prepare legal documents such as wills and property deeds.
Statement – A declaration given to the police during interviews
Trial – The process of prosecuting a person/organisation for a crime
Verdict – The final decision of the judge or jury
Witness – A person who gives evidence in court either in favour or against the defendant/accused

4. Activity 2 – General Crime Vocabulary Exercise

reoffending

5. Crime/Policing Collocations

If you want to get a high score on the IELTS test, you must useconcise and accurate words, and you must also make sure they are collocated correctly with the other words in the sentence. Below are some of the most common collocations you may use when talking or writing about crime and policing. There is an exercise for you to practice using the words in context.

Act as a deterrent – Something that makes people doubt committing crime because of the perceived punishment
Be soft on crime – When the justice system is generally lenient and not strict with sentencing length and prosecutions
Be tough on crime – To be strict and harsh in terms of punishment for crime
Behind bars / Banged up – In jail
Convicted of a crime – To be found guilty of a crime
Crime of passion – A crime committed due to emotional/sexual feelings
The full weight of the law – The most severe sentence/punishment possible
Get released from jail – To be allowed back into the public following incarceration
Harsh sentences – A severe or strict punishment
Integrated back into society – How formerly incarcerated people adapt to living in normal society
Lenient sentences – Not as strict or severe as expected or as is possible
Letter of the law – Following the law exactly with no flexibility
Non-custodial sentence – A sentence that doesn’t involve going to jail. For example, community service or probation
Reduce crime rates – To make crime go down in frequency
Sentenced to five years – Sent to jail for five years
To deter crime – To make people not want to commit crime
Turn to crime – To start committing crime
Zero tolerance – To show no leniency to crime

6. Activity 3 – Crime/ Policing Collocations Vocabulary Exercise

reintegrate back into society
turn to crime
harsh sentences
act as a deterrent
tough on crime
zero tolerance
letter of the law

For more practice, visit vocabulary for job & work .

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IELTS Band 8+ Vocabulary for Writing Task 2 – Topic: Crime & Punishment

Vocabulary is unquestionably important in IELTS Writing because it accounts up to 25% of your overall score. Therefore, you should place a strong focus on learning vocabulary to prepare better for the IELTS test. This post covers 3 parts:

Academic Words for IELTS Writing Task 2 – Topic: Crime & Punishment
Useful Collocations & Phrases for IELTS Writing – Topic: Crime & Punishment
IELTS Writing Task 2 Topic & Questions shared by IELTS test-takers from 2019 to 2021

TOPIC: CRIME & PUNISHMENT

1. useful academic words:.

abide (verb): accept and follow out abolish (verb): to put an end to something, such as a rule, or custom appreciate (verb): to recognize how good someone or something is and to be grateful for it arson (noun): the illegal use of fire to destroy a house, building, or property authority (noun): the police or people who has legal power to make people obey laws or rules bully (verb): to hurt or frighten someone who is weaker or smaller than you convict (verb): to decide officially in a law court that someone is guilty of a crime criminal (noun): someone who commits a crime combat (verb): to try to stop something bad, or harmful deterrent (noun): a thing that discourages or is intended to discourage someone from doing something deter (verb): to prevent or discourage someone from doing something enforce (verb): to make people obey a rule or law evil (adj): very unpleasant, morally bad, or cruel fine (noun): amount of money that has to be paid as a punishment for not obeying a rule or law fraud (noun): the crime of obtaining money from someone by tricking them imprisonment (noun): the situation of being in prison inequality (noun): a lack of equality or fair treatment in the sharing of wealth or opportunities intent (noun): the intention to do something intrusion (noun): something that interrupts a private event or a peaceful situation kidnap (noun): to take someone somewhere illegally by force, often in order to get money for returning them; ransom motive (noun): a reason for doing something pickpocketing (noun): the crime of stealing things out of people’s pockets or bags prosecutor (noun): a lawyer who proves in court that someone accused of a crime is guilty recklessness (noun): not thinking about the possible bad effects of your actions smuggling (noun): the crime of taking people or goods into or out of a country illegally the accused (noun): the person who is on trial in a law court vandalism (noun): the act of intentionally damaging things belonging to other people, especially public property violation (noun): an action that breaks a law, agreement, rule, etc. harsh (adj): unkind, unpleasant, cruel, or more severe than is necessary intentional (adj): deliberate, intended or planned; done on purpose law-abiding (adj): a law-abiding person is who obeys the law offensive (adj): very rude or insulting and likely to upset people petty (adj): not important and not worth giving attention to punishable ( adj): being punishable because someone does something illegal imprison (verb): to put someone in prison offend (verb): to make someone upset or angry perpetrate (verb): to do something that is illegal, harmful or dishonest resent (verb): be angry at something or someone because you have been hurt or treated unfairly

2. USEFUL COLLOCATIONS & PHRASES:

minor crime = lesser crime = petty crime major crime = serious crime break the law engage in criminal activity impose stricter punishments on… = impose heavier sentences on… carry out unlawful act receive capital punishment = receive the death penalty = receive a death sentence = face execution commit an offense receive prison sentences = be sent to prison = be put in prison face life imprisonment = serve a life sentence reoffend = commit crimes again = continue to commit crime after being punished go to jail = be put in jail/ prison = to be imprisoned prevent somebody from… = deter somebody from… pose a serious threat to society = threaten the safety of society = put society in danger juvenile crimes = juvenile delinquency = juvenile offending = youth crimes = crimes among young adults crime rates = crime levels urgent problem = pressing problem = grave problem be given the chance to… = be given the opportunity to… the increased use of drugs and alcohol = alcohol and drug abuse the major/primary/principal cause of… = the major/primary/principal reason for… turn to illegal acts to generate income = commit crimes to earn money raise awareness of crime prevention = promote crime prevention programs

3. Writing Task 2 Questions in 2021 – Topic: Crime & Punishment

Many offenders commit more crimes after serving the first punishment. Why is this happening, and what measures can be taken to tackle this problem?

Useful Vocabulary for IELTS Writing Task 1

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IELTS Writing Task 2 Topic: Crime and Punishment Vocabulary

Updated On Sep 26, 2022

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IELTS Writing Task 2 Topic: Crime and Punishment Vocabulary

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Law, Crime and the Legal System and its related issues rank among the top ten most common IELTS Writing Task 2 topics. Here is a set of useful collocations and phrases for IELTS writing task 2 on this topic. Learning these will help you familiarize yourself with the topic and give you some relevant ideas about crime and legal issues to write about.

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This post will cover a wide range of collocations and vocabulary related to crime and punishment that will enable IELTS candidates to boost their band score for IELTS writing to Band 7.0+

Expressing Views About Crime and Punishment

1. The crime rate: a measure of the number of crimes in a particular area during a period of time.

“The reduction of the crime rate is the main goal for lawmakers.

2. To commit a crime: does something wrong or illegal.

“In the US, a young person who commits a crime by stealing a car will almost certainly go to prison.”

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3. Prison sentence: the period of time served in prison under such as a sentence.

“It is the heated debate that government have to pass lenient laws that would avoid the prison sentence while others think it would increase the crime rate in our society.”

4. Deterrent: a punishment makes somebody less likely to do illegal activities.

“The death penalty acts as a deterrent to people who wish to bring drugs illegally into another country.”

5. Loss of freedom: Restriction, imprisonment.

“Loss of freedom is a punishment that offenders have to face when they go to jail.”

6. White-collar crime: Crimes committed by “office works”, for example, fraud.

“More and more employees who work in a bank turn into crime as white-collar crime.”

7. Be put on probation: To be under supervision to ensure their good behavior.

“Sometimes first-time offenders are not imprisoned but are put on probation for a set period of time to ensure their good behavior.”

8 . Social isolation: the state of separating somebody from our society.

“The offenders have to serve the prison sentence as the social isolation to remain safety of society.”

9. A violent criminal: Includes assault, mugging and robbery.

“A student who is bullied at school may turn into a violent criminal when they grow up.

10. Motive for crime: The reason why people commit crimes.

” A desire for revenge on his wife is a motive for his crime as murder. “

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11. Allay the fears: to make someone feel less afraid, worried.

“I believe that some solutions could help to allay people’s fears.”

12. Turn to a career of crime: become a criminal.

“Nowadays, in the harshly competitive labor market, the unemployment rate is rising rapidly, more and more people cannot meet the basic human’s need that is maybe a reason for them to turn to a career of crime. “

13. To be imprisoned: Go to a jail.

” Being imprisoned is the best way to punish offenders for their guilty. “

14. To breed future offenders: influence people, especially young people, in such a way that they later commit a crime.

“Parents should give more attention to their offspring in order to avoid breeding future offenders .”

15. Easy money: Money that you get without working hard for it, especially when you do illegal activities to get this money.

“To make easy money, the bank robbery have stolen two billion dollars from five international banks in this year.”

16. To break the law: do something illegal.

“If a person breaks the law , he is certainly imprisoned .”

17. To resort to crime: to use crime because there is no other solution.

“After losing all money from the game, the men resorted to crime to get easy money .”

18. Illegal activities: the illegal acts.

“It is alarming that more and more youngsters turn into i llegal activities. “

19. Fall foul of the law: to get into trouble with the police because you are doing something illegal.

“In Vietnam, if the company discharges the huge amount of untreated waste into rivers, they certainly fall foul of the law. “

20. Juvenile delinquency: Antisocial behavior committed by people under eighteen years old.

“It is true that juvenile delinquency rate is increasing alarmingly, which could jeopardize the social stability.”

21. Soaring crime rates: crime rates rising very fast.

Example: We are facing off soaring crime rates and it’s high time the criminals were brought to justice .

22. Miscarriages of justice: Situation where innocent people are found guilty.

Example: There have been a multitude of miscarriages of justice recently.

23. Trumped-up charges: invented and false accusations.

24. Face trial : face a legal court case.

Example: No one in the world should face trial on the basis of unreliable evidence or trumped-up charges.

25. Escape punishment: Not facing any consequences for a crime.

Example: The boys escaped punishment as they were related to the judge.

26. Custodial sentences: a sentence to be served in a prison or similar institution

27. Commit minor offences : Doing small crimes.

Example: While the rich always seem to escape punishment, poor people seem to receive custodial sentences even for committing minor offences

28. Extenuating circumstances: circumstances that lessen the blame

29. Serve out one’s sentence: serve the full amount of time

Courts and Trials

The trial was adjourned: the trial was suspended till a later time or date.

To be remanded in custody: send to prison until the trial begins or continues.

Dismiss the case: Decide that the case is not worth considering.

Unanimous verdict: verdict which all the decision makers agree to.

Beyond Reasonable Doubt : With full proof.

Contest the verdict: Disagree with the verdict and tried to change it.

Other Useful Expressions and Phrases for Crime and Punishment Topic :

Capital punishments | Death penalty
To sentence criminals to death
A form of revenge
A criminal record
To engage in unlawful activities
To re-offend
Criminals = Wrongdoers = Lawbreakers = Convicts = Offenders
Rehabilitated prisoners
Community service
Prison sentences
Unlawful actions
To deter/discourage people from doing something
To send somebody to prison

Exercises :

Exercise 1: rewrite the underlined part of each of these extracts from conversations using the collocation below to make them sound more like extracts from newspaper reports..

Soaring crime rates Dismiss Escape punishment was adjourned

1. Why should young criminals get away without being punished for crimes just because of their age? 2. An increasing number of crimes per head of the population have been recorded in the last twelve months. 3 The judge threw out the case because he felt the evidence was not strong enough . 4 The judge said that the trial would now take place next month.

Exercise 2. Choose the correct collocation.

1. If you are remanded in custody, you are kept in prison/ obliged to pay some money/ allowed to go home. 2. Someone might get out of prison early for good/soaring / extenuating behavior. 3. If you serve out a sentence, you are kept in prison for the full amount of time / released from prison early /kept in prison for life. 4. If you get a custodial sentence, you only serve the sentence if you commit another crime / go to prison / have to do some community service.

Exercise 3. Correct the mistakes with prepositions in the collocations.

1 The witness appeared on court for the first time today. 2 He was put in trial for murder. 3 The murderer was soon brought into justice. 4 He was later remanded on custody. 5 The ease against Mr. Sharp was proved over reasonable doubt.

Exercise 4. Come up with Answers for the following topics related to Crime in IELTS Writing Task 2 and post it in the comment section below or on Writingielts.net to be checked and scored by IELTS experts.

Writing ielts task 2 topic 1 :.

Studies show that criminals get low level of education. Some people believe that the best way to reduce the crime is educating people in prison so they can get a job after leaving prison. To what extent do you agree or disagree? You can read Band 9.0 Sample Answer here .

Writing IELTS Task 2 Topic 2 :

In some countries, a high proportion of criminal acts are committed by teenagers. Why has this happened? What can be done to deal with this? You can read Band 9.0 Sample Answer here .

Writing IELTS Task 2 Topic 3 :

Some people who have been in prison become good citizens later. Some people think that having these people to give a talk to school students is the best way to tell them about dangers of committing a crime. Do you agree or disagree? You can read Band 9.0 Sample Answer here .

Exercise 5. Complete each sentence

1 He has been in court on several previous occasions but only for committing offences. 2 Unfortunately, there have been a number of……………………of justice recently. 3 The jury was quick to reach a……………………verdict, finding the accused guilty. 4 This is the sixth time the accused has………………….in court. 5 The lawyer claimed that there were some………………………circumstances. 6 The accused…………………. all knowledge of the crime, but no one believed her. 7 The newspaper said…………………. had been served by the conviction of Joe Lee. 8 Charles Weiss was…………………..damages for the injury he had suffered. 9 The trial has been………………….until next week.

I hope you have found this post informative. If you have any question, please let me know in the comment below or on the Facebook page.

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IELTS Writing Vocabulary: Crime and punishment

Let’s discuss another important topic which will be very useful if you want to score high in IELTS Crime and punishment.

Step by step we are moving forward to another important vocabulary section – crime and punishment. Let’s start with the word crime . Its definition is simple: an act against the law. But it can have many different meanings when used in expressions, so let’s have a closer look at some of them.

petty crime – not a serious crime
violent crime – crime which includes assault
organized crime – organized group of people commits crimes or engages in criminal enterprises for profit.
white-collar crime – a term mostly referring to business world crimes. Usually crimes committed by businessmen or office workers for financial gain.
victimless crime – a crime with no apparent victim

Example: He has a history of violent crime stretching back to his early years.

Bribery is a popular type of white-collar crime . In case of victimless crimes prosecution starts within one week.

Now let’s work with some other useful phrases .

If you don’t know some of them, write them in your notepad for future reference.

to carry out a crime – to commit a crime;
to investigate a crime – to detect / solve a crime;
to fight crime – to tackle crime;
to prevent crime – to preclude crime;
a crackdown on crime – a serious attempt to punish people for committing crimes;
life of crime – criminal way of living; a crime wave – a sudden increase in the amount of crime in an area;
circumstances of the crime – conditions under which a crime was committed;
the incidence of crime – the number of times crime happens or develops;

In general, there are dozens of expressions with the word crime. Now let’s move forward and discuss the types of crime!

A popular word in action movies is abduction . It is an act of capturing, carrying away by force. Example : There has been a series of abductions in the area.
Arson is an act of criminal burning of property. Example: It looked like an accidental fire, not arson.
assault – a violent physical attack Example : His body showed signs of assault.
burglary – illegal entrance into premises with criminal intent Example : They said there was a burglary, but nothing was missing.
child abuse – physical or emotional mistreatment of a child Example: In the United States the laws defining what constitutes child abuse vary from state to state.
drug trafficking – production, distribution, and sale of illegal drugs Example: The key source of profit of organized criminal groups is drug trafficking.
fraud – If you are promised a million dollars on the Internet, it’s fraud. Fraud is trickery intended to gain an advantage. Example: She was found guilty of committing fraud.
hacking – special type of Internet crime. When somebody’s website or server is hacked, it means that the server or website is broken.
hijacking – stopping and stealing a vehicle Example : He hijacked a truck, threatening the driver with a gun.
murder – the crime of deliberately killing a person Example : Her husband was found murdered.
manslaughter – also killing a person, BUT accidentally – without the intent to do so. Example : He was back in prison 2 years later, convicted of manslaughter
terrorism – violence or threat of violence as a way of trying to achieve a political goal Example : International action to combat terrorism should focus heavily on prevention.
blackmailing – using secret information to get something in return (usually money) Example : The former Romanian Prime Minister was placed on probation for blackmail.
felony – a serious crime such as murder or burglary Example : Filing false tax returns is a felony.
pickpocketing – stealing someone’s belongings from pockets and purses Example : Any tourist city is a haven for pickpockets and thieves.
shoplifting – stealing things from a shop or store. Example : A boy shoplifted a toy from the store.
And the last word combination is traffic offences – crimes committed on the road. When committing a traffic offence people usually have to pay a fine. Example : In European countries fines for traffic offences are extremely high.

Another big part of the crime and punishment vocabulary is court vocabulary.

a defendant – a person accused of a crime in court Example : The defendant was convicted of murder.
a prosecutor – the lawyer who represents the side that tries to prove the person guilty Example : The public prosecutor finally decided not to pursue charges.
a witness – a person who sees something (such as crime) happening Example : The defense called its first witness.
guilty – responsible for committing a crime or doing something wrong Example : The jury found him guilty of murder.
victim – a person who has been attacked in some way by somebody. Example : Some victims are selected because they seem vulnerable.

Some useful expressions with the word victim:

Innocent / unsuspecting victim – not deserving to be harmed;
to portray somebody as a victim – to present somebody as a victim.
a suspect – a person who is believed to be guilty Example: The man was arrested as a suspect.
an attorney – a lawyer who can sue or defend people. Example: If you cannot afford an attorney, one will be appointed to you by the state.
evidence – something that can serve to prove something. In our context evidence is usually presented in court to prove that someone is guilty or innocent.

Popular expressions with the word evidence are:

hearsay evidence – evidence based not on a witness’s personal knowledge but on another’s statement not made under oath;
criminal evidence – evidence related to a criminal case; in the light of evidence / in the face of evidence – considering the evidence;
not a scrap of evidence – no evidence;
verdict – the decision made by a jury in a trial. Example: The jury reached a verdict after hours of deliberation.

And here is a list of verdict expressions:

favorable verdict – positive verdict
adverse verdict – negative verdict
to appeal against a verdict – to protest a verdict
final verdict – definitive verdict.
a judge – a public official given the right to decide on questions brought before a court of justice Example: The judge ordered the company to pay compensation.

The following expressions are also widely used:

a panel of independent judges – judicial division / bench

High Court Judge – a judge in the High Court

jury – a group of people that decides on a court case Example: Tell the jury in your own words what happened.
expressions : trial by jury – to hear the case in a court with participation of jury to serve on a jury – carry out responsibilities of a jury

Now let’s talk about possible penalties or the types of punishment and words and phrases to describe them.

death penalty also known as capital punishment is the execution of a person after judgment by a legal system Example : Our criminal system is very careful in cases of death penalty.
suspended sentence – the judge’s decision to delay a prison or jail sentence. Example: A suspended sentence usually remains on the defendant’s criminal record permanently.
forfeiture – the loss of property or money because of legal obligation or as a judge’s decision. Example: The court may also order forfeiture of property in this case.
probation – a period of time in which a person who has committed a crime is allowed to stay out of prison if that person behaves well. Example: She was put on probation for 3 years.
to suspend a license – usually refers to a driver’s license and means that your license is taken away for a period of time. Example: If you are ticketed for too many violations within a specific period of time, your license will be suspended.
corporal punishment – physical punishment Example: Corporal punishment of some form is still used in schools in some states.
prison sentence / custodial sentence / imprisonment – these terms are almost similar in meaning and thus could serve to paraphrase. They all describe a situation when someone is convicted and sent to spend a specified period of time in prison. Example : A court can give a range of prison sentences including suspended, fixed-term, and life sentences.
a ban – sometimes a jury can impose a ban which means that you are prohibited from doing something. Example: He was banned from entering the building.
a fine – an amount of money an offender must pay Example: A fine can be given instead of or in addition to imprisonment.
community service – Sometimes a jury can decide to send a guilty person to perform some community service. Community service refers to unpaid work beneficial for the community. Example: Alternative sentences can include different combinations of the following: a suspended sentence, probation and community service.

That’s basically all for crime and punishment vocabulary. It might seem to be too difficult to memorize all of them in one day, but you don’t have to! Take your time, memorize basic vocabulary, and remember to use them in your writing and other parts of the IELTS examination! Good luck!

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Crime: IELTS Topic Ideas, Grammar, Vocabulary and Sample Answers

October 12, 2023 By Ben Worthington

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In this tutorial, we discuss crime IELTS Topic Ideas, grammar, vocabulary and sample answers.

We look at:

Specific vocabulary, collocations, and phrases related to crime.
What are cleft sentences and how to use it in the IELTS Topic crime.
Model essay on the Pros and cons of imprisonment versus rehabilitation.
Sample answers for IELTS speaking part three questions about crime.

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petty crime – not a serious crime
violent crime – crime which includes assault
organized crime – organized group of people commits crimes or engages in criminal enterprises for profit.
white-collar crime – a term mostly referring to business world crimes. Usually crimes committed by businessmen or office workers for financial gain.
victimless crime – a crime with no apparent victim

Example: He has a history of violent crime stretching back to his early years.

Bribery is a popular type of white-collar crime . In case of victimless crimes prosecution starts within one week.

Now let’s work with some other useful phrases .

If you don’t know some of them, write them in your notepad for future reference.

to carry out a crime – to commit a crime;
to investigate a crime – to detect / solve a crime;
to fight crime – to tackle crime;
to prevent crime – to preclude crime;
a crackdown on crime – a serious attempt to punish people for committing crimes;
life of crime – criminal way of living; a crime wave – a sudden increase in the amount of crime in an area;
circumstances of the crime – conditions under which a crime was committed;
the incidence of crime – the number of times crime happens or develops;

In general, there are dozens of expressions with the word crime. Now let’s move forward and discuss the types of crime!

A popular word in action movies is abduction . It is an act of capturing, carrying away by force. Example : There has been a series of abductions in the area.
Arson is an act of criminal burning of property. Example: It looked like an accidental fire, not arson.
assault – a violent physical attack Example : His body showed signs of assault.
burglary – illegal entrance into premises with criminal intent Example : They said there was a burglary, but nothing was missing.
child abuse – physical or emotional mistreatment of a child Example: In the United States the laws defining what constitutes child abuse vary from state to state.
drug trafficking – production, distribution, and sale of illegal drugs Example: The key source of profit of organized criminal groups is drug trafficking.
fraud – If you are promised a million dollars on the Internet, it’s fraud. Fraud is trickery intended to gain an advantage. Example: She was found guilty of committing fraud.
hacking – special type of Internet crime. When somebody’s website or server is hacked, it means that the server or website is broken.
hijacking – stopping and stealing a vehicle Example : He hijacked a truck, threatening the driver with a gun.
murder – the crime of deliberately killing a person Example : Her husband was found murdered.
manslaughter – also killing a person, BUT accidentally – without the intent to do so. Example : He was back in prison 2 years later, convicted of manslaughter
terrorism – violence or threat of violence as a way of trying to achieve a political goal Example : International action to combat terrorism should focus heavily on prevention.
blackmailing – using secret information to get something in return (usually money) Example : The former Romanian Prime Minister was placed on probation for blackmail.
felony – a serious crime such as murder or burglary Example : Filing false tax returns is a felony.
pickpocketing – stealing someone’s belongings from pockets and purses Example : Any tourist city is a haven for pickpockets and thieves.
shoplifting – stealing things from a shop or store. Example : A boy shoplifted a toy from the store.
And the last word combination is traffic offences – crimes committed on the road. When committing a traffic offence people usually have to pay a fine. Example : In European countries fines for traffic offences are extremely high.

Another big part of the crime and punishment vocabulary is court vocabulary.

a defendant – a person accused of a crime in court Example : The defendant was convicted of murder.
a prosecutor – the lawyer who represents the side that tries to prove the person guilty Example : The public prosecutor finally decided not to pursue charges.
a witness – a person who sees something (such as crime) happening Example : The defense called its first witness.
guilty – responsible for committing a crime or doing something wrong Example : The jury found him guilty of murder.
victim – a person who has been attacked in some way by somebody. Example : Some victims are selected because they seem vulnerable.

Some useful expressions with the word victim:

Innocent / unsuspecting victim – not deserving to be harmed;
to portray somebody as a victim – to present somebody as a victim.
a suspect – a person who is believed to be guilty Example: The man was arrested as a suspect.
an attorney – a lawyer who can sue or defend people. Example: If you cannot afford an attorney, one will be appointed to you by the state.
evidence – something that can serve to prove something. In our context evidence is usually presented in court to prove that someone is guilty or innocent.

Popular expressions with the word evidence are:

hearsay evidence – evidence based not on a witness’s personal knowledge but on another’s statement not made under oath;
criminal evidence – evidence related to a criminal case; in the light of evidence / in the face of evidence – considering the evidence;
not a scrap of evidence – no evidence;
verdict – the decision made by a jury in a trial. Example: The jury reached a verdict after hours of deliberation.

And here is a list of verdict expressions:

favorable verdict – positive verdict
adverse verdict – negative verdict
to appeal against a verdict – to protest a verdict
final verdict – definitive verdict.
a judge – a public official given the right to decide on questions brought before a court of justice Example: The judge ordered the company to pay compensation.

The following expressions are also widely used:

a panel of independent judges – judicial division / bench

High Court Judge – a judge in the High Court

jury – a group of people that decides on a court case Example: Tell the jury in your own words what happened.
expressions : trial by jury – to hear the case in a court with participation of jury to serve on a jury – carry out responsibilities of a jury

Now let’s talk about possible penalties or the types of punishment and words and phrases to describe them.

death penalty also known as capital punishment is the execution of a person after judgment by a legal system Example : Our criminal system is very careful in cases of death penalty.
suspended sentence – the judge’s decision to delay a prison or jail sentence. Example: A suspended sentence usually remains on the defendant’s criminal record permanently.
forfeiture – the loss of property or money because of legal obligation or as a judge’s decision. Example: The court may also order forfeiture of property in this case.
probation – a period of time in which a person who has committed a crime is allowed to stay out of prison if that person behaves well. Example: She was put on probation for 3 years.
to suspend a license – usually refers to a driver’s license and means that your license is taken away for a period of time. Example: If you are ticketed for too many violations within a specific period of time, your license will be suspended.
corporal punishment – physical punishment Example: Corporal punishment of some form is still used in schools in some states.
prison sentence / custodial sentence / imprisonment – these terms are almost similar in meaning and thus could serve to paraphrase. They all describe a situation when someone is convicted and sent to spend a specified period of time in prison. Example : A court can give a range of prison sentences including suspended, fixed-term, and life sentences.
a ban – sometimes a jury can impose a ban which means that you are prohibited from doing something. Example: He was banned from entering the building.
a fine – an amount of money an offender must pay Example: A fine can be given instead of or in addition to imprisonment.
community service – Sometimes a jury can decide to send a guilty person to perform some community service. Community service refers to unpaid work beneficial for the community. Example: Alternative sentences can include different combinations of the following: a suspended sentence, probation and community service.

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IELTS Speaking & Writing Vocabulary: Crime + PDF

In either IELTS Writing or Speaking part you may come across essay question or speaking topics like Crime, Prisons, Crime Prevention, Community service, Crimes on TV, etc. If you do not know the specific vocabulary for this topic, it will be difficult to get a decent score for the Lexical Resource criterion - the variety of vocabulary.

Word list on Work topic here: https://yourielts.net/prepare-for-ielts/ielts-vocabulary/work-vocabulary

Word list on Studies topic here: https://yourielts.net/prepare-for-ielts/ielts-vocabulary/studies-vocabulary

Word list on Accommodation topic here: https://yourielts.net/prepare-for-ielts/ielts-vocabulary/accommodation-vocabulary

For a band 8.0, you need to use topical vocabulary and precise words - not general words, but different words which are specific to the topic. If the topic is Crime, then you need to write words specifically about crime , for example, types of crimes, synonyms for the word criminal .

>> Download this Vocabulary list in PDF

Vocabulary list

commit crimes serve a term reformed individuals ex-prisoners past criminal records get into crime commit crimes like burglary, extortion, robbery and blackmailing enforce strong vocational training prisoners should be counselled by psychologists reformed criminals place people in prison for longer periods offenders a prison sentence rehabilitate a prisoner commit a serious offence such as assault re-educated re-offend longer prison sentences will act as a deterrent for criminals to deter crime mix with other criminals long prison sentences normal, productive members of society break the law reformed offenders reformed criminals deter teenagers from committing crimes Crime rate has increased manifold these days. many convicts tend to repeat crimes get released from jail an employee with criminal record ex-convicts jail inmates prevent them from committing crimes again Constant psychological counselling is necessary for … to rehabilitate ex-criminals to prevent them from committing further crimes minor crimes be put in prison to ensure the safety of other citizens violent crimes

Causes re-offending: People who commit crimes often have no other way of making a living. Many prisoners re-offend when they are released. Offenders mix with other criminals who can be a negative influence. The main causes of crime are poverty and unemployment. Possible measures to reduce re-offending: Rehabilitation programmes prepare prisoners for release into society. Community service is another way to reform offenders. Prisons should provide education or vocational training. The authorities should organise schemes that provide financial assistance

Crime Prevention The job of the police is to catch criminals. They must also prevent crime and make communities safer. There should be an increase in the number of police officers on the streets. They should focus on young people who have dropped out of school. Rehabilitation Rehabilitated prisoners are less likely to re-offend Prisoners receive vocational training Prisoners should learn personal skills and specific job skills Rehabilitation aims to make them better citizens Capital punishment or death penalty Capital punishment deters crime Fear of the death penalty stops people from committing offences The cost of imprisonment is avoided Innocent people could be wrongly convicted and executed Capital punishment is not a good deterrent Executing prisoners creates a violent culture and encourages revenge Community service It could be a solution to prison overcrowding Community service is a way to reform offenders It avoids the cost of imprisonment It makes offenders useful in their local communities Offenders repay their community Community service is not a sufficient punishment

Guns and Weapons to be armed to own firearms use guns in self defence use weapons carry guns This deters criminals The threat of a gun can deter criminals a risk of accidents with guns Suicide rates have been shown to rise when guns are available Police officers can forces a criminal to surrender The police may shoot violent criminals in self defence The police can shoot an escaping criminal who poses a serious danger to the public The police might shoot an unarmed criminal Accidents can happen in public places alternatives to guns: tear gas or sprays, andelectric shock weapons) Weapons may be used in conflicts and wars The supply of arms could be responsible for deaths Nuclear weapons Nuclear weapons should be prohibited Nuclear weapons are capable of destroying whole cities Governments should limit the production of nuclear weapons There is a danger of nuclear weapons being obtained by terrorists Armed Forces Armed forces deter military attack by another country They provide security and protection Soldiers are also used to help in emergency situations, such as natural disasters Too much money is spent on weapons and military technology Armies require a lot of funding from governments

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Crime Vocabulary for IELTS Exam

Updated on
Jun 17, 2023

The International English Language Testing System (IELTS) is a widely recognized examination for assessing English language proficiency , including the ability to comprehend and communicate on various topics. In the context of crime, a robust vocabulary is crucial for achieving a high band score. In this blog, we will aim to explore essential crime-related vocabulary for the IELTS exam . Keep reading the blog to know more.

This Blog Includes:

Violent crimes, property crimes, law enforcement, legal terminology, punishments and rehabilitation, measures and strategies, legal frameworks, basic vocabulary for types of crime.

Below, we have mentioned some popular words for violent/property crimes and their meaning.

Murder: The unlawful killing of another person.
Assault: The act of physically attacking someone.
Robbery: Theft involving force or threat of force against a person.
Rape: Non-consensual sexual intercourse.
Kidnapping: The act of taking someone by force, typically to demand ransom or exert control.

Basic Vocabulary for Criminal Justice System

Below, we have mentioned the basic vocabulary for the criminal justice system including its meaning.

Police: Officers responsible for maintaining law and order, investigating crimes, and apprehending criminals.
Detective: A specialist investigator working on complex criminal cases.
Surveillance: The monitoring of individuals or locations to gather evidence.
Defendant: An individual accused of a crime in a court of law.
Prosecutor: A lawyer representing the state or government in a criminal case.
Evidence: Facts, objects, or information presented to establish the truth or falsehood of a claim.
Verdict: The decision reached by a jury or judge in a trial.
Sentence: The punishment was given to a convicted criminal.
Prison: A facility where individuals convicted of crimes are incarcerated.
Probation: A period of supervision granted instead of imprisonment.
Rehabilitation: Programs aimed at reforming offenders and reintegrating them into society.
Community Service: Unpaid work performed by offenders as a form of punishment.
Parole: Early release from prison, with continued supervision and conditions.

Basic Vocabulary for Crime Prevention and Security

CCTV: Closed-circuit television systems used for surveillance.
Alarm System: An electronic device designed to alert in case of unauthorized entry or security breach.
Neighbourhood Watch: A community-based program for preventing crime through vigilance and cooperation.
Cybersecurity : Protection against unauthorized access, theft, or damage to computer systems or data.
Self-Defence: Techniques and methods to protect oneself from physical harm.
Legislation: Laws created by a governing body to regulate and control various aspects of society.
Deterrence: The use of punishment as a means to discourage potential offenders.
Rehabilitation: The aim of the criminal justice system is to reform and reintegrate offenders into society.
Restorative Justice: An approach focused on repairing the harm caused by crime through dialogue and reconciliation.
Human Rights: Fundamental rights and freedoms to which all individuals are entitled.

Crime vocabulary is crucial in the IELTS exam as it demonstrates a strong lexical resource, which is one of the key criteria for scoring high on the test. It also allows you to effectively analyze and discuss crime-related issues, which are commonly addressed in the IELTS speaking and writing tasks.

To expand your crime vocabulary, you can engage in various activities. Firstly, read extensively on crime-related topics such as news articles, books, and online resources. Pay attention to the vocabulary used to describe different types of crimes, legal terminology, and the criminal justice system. Secondly, watch documentaries or movies centred around crime and take note of the vocabulary used in those contexts.

Here are a few crime-related idioms and phrasal verbs that you can incorporate into your IELTS preparation. (1) Caught Red-handed: Caught in the act of committing a crime or doing something wrong. (2) Break Into: To enter a building unlawfully, usually with the intent to steal.

A strong command of crime-related vocabulary is essential for excelling in the IELTS exam, especially in the speaking and writing sections. By familiarizing themselves with the diverse range of crime vocabulary presented in this essay, test takers can articulate their thoughts effectively and display them.

Candidates who want to prepare for IELTS or any other language proficiency test, can Build a plan with Leverage Edu ‘s Leverage Live classes and our top trainers and strengthen your English score as well as your application so that you can secure your spot in your dream college.

Aditi Gupta

A bachelors in Journalism and Mass Communication graduate, I am an enthusiastic writer. I love to write about impactful content which can help others. I love to binge watch and listen to music during my free time.

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Crime & Punishment Essay Titles

IELTS Essay Questions for the Topic of Crime & Punishment. All essay questions below are reported by IELTS candidates and seem to have been repeated over the years. Regardless of the years the questions were reported, you could get any question below in your test. You should, therefore, prepare ideas for all questions given below. This topic is more likely to appear in the Academic test than the GT writing test. However, all candidates should prepare for all topics to be safe.

Crime & Punishment Essay Questions for IELTS Writing Task 2

The crime rate nowadays is decreasing compared to the past due to advance technology which can prevent and solve crime. Do you agree or disagree? (Reported 2017, 2021 Academic Test)

Many criminals commit further crimes as soon as they released from prison. What do you think are the causes of this? What possible solutions can you suggest? (Reported 2015, 2017, 2022 Academic Test)

It is often thought that the increase in juvenile crime can be attributed to violence in the media. Do you agree that this is the main cause of juvenile crime? What solutions can you offer to deal with this situation? (common question)

In some societies, the number of crimes committed by teenagers is growing. Some people think that regardless of age, teenagers who commit major crimes should receive adult punishment. To what extent do you agree? (2020, 2023)

Some countries are struggling with an increase in the rate of crime. Many people think that having more police on the streets is the only way to reduce crime. To what extent do you agree? (2018, 2020)

Some people think that women should not be allowed to work in the police force. Do you agree or disagree?

Many crimes are often related to the consumption of alcohol. Some people think that the best way to reduce the crime rate is to ban alcohol. Do you think this is an effective measure against crime? What other solutions can you suggest?

Some people think certain prisoners should be made to do unpaid community work instead of being put behind bars. To what extent do you agree? (Reported 2017, 2020, GT Test)

Many people believe that having a fixed punishment for all crimes is more efficient. What are the advantages and disadvantages of having a fixed punishment? (common question)

Some people think that the government should be responsible for crime prevention, while others believe that it is the responsibility of the individual to protect themselves. Discuss both sides and give your opinion.

The death penalty is the best way to control and reduce serious crime. To what extent do you agree? (2018, 2020)

While it is sometimes thought that prison is the best place for criminals, others believe that there are better ways to deal with them. What is your opinion? (common question – this is often reworded with a focus on the best ways to deal with criminals)

Crime rate, in most countries, is often higher in urban areas than in rural areas. Why do you think that is? What can be done to reduce the crime rate?

Some people think that poverty is the reason behind most crimes. Do you agree or disagree?

Internet crime is increasing rapidly as more and more people are using the internet to make financial transactions. What can be done to tackle this problem ?

Some people think that the parents of children who commit crime should also receive a punishment. Do you agree or disagree? (2020)

Reported essay questions are from students who have taken their IELTS test. That means questions may have appeared more frequently than have been reported. These questions may vary slightly in wording and focus from the original question. Also note that these questions could also appear in IELTS speaking part 3 which is another good reason to prepare all topics thoroughly.

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IELTS Essay About Crime – Innate or Environmental?

Posted by David S. Wills | Dec 19, 2020 | Model Essays | 0

Today, I want to share with you an essay I wrote recently that I think is useful to demonstrate some good language and also a strong approach to structure for task 2 . This essay deals with the tricky topic of crime and in particular it asks whether criminals are driven by circumstances or whether the criminal mentality is innate.

Analysing the Question

First of all, let’s look at the question. It is important to study it properly in order to give a good answer.

Some think most crime is the result of circumstances e.g. poverty and other social problems. Others believe that most crime is caused by people who are bad by nature. Discuss both views and give your own opinion.

This is a “discuss both views” question, which means that it is pretty straightforward to understand. There are two views and we need to discuss them both and also give our own opinion:

Criminals are driven by their circumstances
Criminals are innately bad people

These two ideas are the ones you should discuss in the body of your essay and you should choose one of the following positions:

Agree with the first position
Agree with the second position
Partially agree with both (ie a balanced view)

Do you need to talk about the example given in the question?

Often, when I mark essays for my IELTS writing correction service , I notice that students devote a lot of their essay to the examples given in the question. However, these are just examples and they are not the whole question. You should not become too fixated upon them.

In this case, the examples are “poverty and other social problems.” You can choose to talk about these or ignore them, but you definitely should not act like these are the main point of the question. They are simply there to illustrate what “circumstances” means.

When it comes to “discuss both views” questions, your structure is pretty easy. I would recommend writing an essay like this:

This is very simple, but of course it is more of a challenge to actually write the essay.

My position in this essay is that crime is generally a result of a person’s circumstances, but that there are some traits that may be innate. I will deal with the innate aspect first, then slightly refute it, before concentrating on the circumstances viewpoint.

My structure will look like this:

This essay would fulfil all the necessary criteria for a high band score if written with good vocabulary and grammar.

Picking the Right Vocabulary

I wrote an article recently about the crime and punishment topic in the IELTS exam. I also made this video about the topic to help you learn vocabulary:

In this particular essay, I don’t really need to talk about aspects of punishment, so it is not important to focus on that. Rather, I would look at words related to crime and criminals, and also into ideas about environment and biology.

By those last two words, I mean the issue of nature vs nurture . This refers to whether people are born with certain traits or develop them over their life. It would be good to know about this at even a basic level in order to give a good answer.

Here are some words and phrases from my essay:

innately bad
a more liberal approach
acts of desperation
hereditary psychological condition
predilection towards violence
controversial perspective
traumatic backgrounds
criminal compunctions
impoverished communities
crime flourishes
overlook social norms
empathic perspective
conditioned
unfortunate circumstances

You can see how these are used in the following essay.

Sample Band 9 Answer

Throughout history, people tended to believe that crimes were committed by those who were innately bad, but in the modern era a more liberal approach has led to the idea that crimes are often acts of desperation, committed by people whose circumstances are bleak. This essay will explore both perspectives, concluding that the latter is usually true.

First of all, it should be noted that some crimes are committed by people who appear innately driven towards such acts. These people may have some sort of hereditary psychological condition that means they do not feel empathy for others, or a predilection towards violence. This is a controversial perspective and although it feels true for many, it is hard to prove. Many of the most violent criminals have traumatic backgrounds, such as child abuse, neglect, or sexual assault, which suggests that they were not born with their criminal compunctions, but rather that these developed very early, which thus places them more into the circumstances than nature category. However, the lines are blurry.

Certainly, it does seem as though most criminals are created out of difficult circumstances. To understand this, one just has to look at impoverished communities around the world. These are places where crime flourishes because the people there are desperate and forced to do immoral things in order to survive. In such states of despair, people tend to put themselves first and overlook social norms, laws, and the usual empathic perspective that would stop most people from hurting others. In such areas, people tend to be conditioned for a young age to ignore the law or even social decency, joining gangs and becoming influenced by dangerous people. This tends to be a problem due to a lack of resources, opportunities, and education in such areas.

In conclusion, it appears likely that most crime is the result of people’s unfortunate circumstances, meaning that criminals are not inherently bad. However, there may be some people who were born with a certain compunction towards violent or criminal activity.

About The Author

David S. Wills

David S. Wills is the author of Scientologist! William S. Burroughs and the 'Weird Cult' and the founder/editor of Beatdom literary journal. He lives and works in rural Cambodia and loves to travel. He has worked as an IELTS tutor since 2010, has completed both TEFL and CELTA courses, and has a certificate from Cambridge for Teaching Writing. David has worked in many different countries, and for several years designed a writing course for the University of Worcester. In 2018, he wrote the popular IELTS handbook, Grammar for IELTS Writing and he has since written two other books about IELTS. His other IELTS website is called IELTS Teaching.

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Vocabulary for Academic IELTS Writing Task 2 (part 1)

The general format for writing academic writing task 2/ ielts essay is as follows:, many/some people claim/opine/believe that... there is no denying that... it is often said that... these days.../ nowadays.../ in this day and age... it goes without saying that... it is universally accepted that... we live in an age when many of us are... people are divided in their opinion regarding... .... is one of the most important issues... whether .... or .... is a controversial issue..., let us examine both views before reaching a concrete decision. the following paragraphs discuss whether ...... or ...... and reach a reasonable conclusion. the following essay takes a look at both sides of the argument. my two cents go for... however, i strongly believe that... i oppose the view and my reasons will be explained in the following paragraphs. i will support this view with arguments in the following paragraphs. i personally believe that... thus the advantages far outweigh the disadvantages... i wholeheartedly believe that this trend should be changed., in my opinion... i strongly opine that... i strongly agree with the idea that... i strongly disagree with the given topic... i think... my opinion is that... personally speaking... in my view... i believe... apparently... personally speaking... according to me... from my point of view... ( not 'in my point of view') as far as i am concerned... from my perspective... i realise... to my way of thinking... it seems to me that... to me... to my mind... my own view on the matter is... it appears that... i feel that... i understand... i suppose..., it is true that... first... first of all... firstly... first and foremost... initially... to begin with... to start with... let us take a look at... it is worth considering... in the first place... though it is true that... some people believe that... many people think that... according to many... some people believe that... many support the view that... on the one hand..., second(ly)... ( not 'second of all') third(ly)... then... next... after that... and... again... also... besides... likewise... in addition... consequently... what’s more... furthermore... moreover... other people think that... other people believe that... on the other hand... apart from that... finally... last but not least..., in the same way... likewise... similarly... like the previous point... similar to... also... at the same time... just as..., on the other hand... on the contrary... however... nevertheless.../ nonetheless... but... nonetheless/ nevertheless... oppositely... alternatively... unlike... while... whilst... although... though... even though... despite... / in spite of... in spite of the fact that... alternatively... in contrast to this... then again... on the other hand... despite the fact that... even so... yet... meanwhile..., as an example... as an illustration... as an instance... as for instance... for instance... for example... as for example... by way of illustration... by way of example... to illustrate... to paraphrase... to show an example... to give an example... to cite an example... to cite an instance... take one example... take one instance... like... as... that is... among others... such as... particularly... specifically... regarding... in particular... including/ to include... namely... with respect to... as far .... is concerned... as a piece of evidence... an example is... ...could be a good/ideal example here a case... when it comes to... as a model..., research shows that... research has found that... when it comes to... with respect to... not only... but also... in terms of..., furthermore... in addition... on top of that... besides... what is more... another point worth noting is... another factor to consider is... furthermore... not only .... but also... also..., as a result... consequently... as a consequence... as an effect... thus... so... the reason why... therefore... on account of... because of... hence... eventually... for this/that reason... thereby... due to... owing to..., as a result... as a result of... due to... one reason behind this is... ... has led to/ ... has resulted in... consequently... therefore..., to sum up... in short... in a word... to put it simply... that is to say... to repeat in short... to summarise..., it goes without saying that... obviously... needless to say... there is little doubt that... although... thought... nonetheless... nevertheless... still... yet... must... after after all... even if... therefore... thus....., to put it simply... to put it in another way... that is to say... in other words..., then... else... otherwise... besides... as soon as... as much as......

Correct and Incorrect phrases for IELTS Essay

In conclusion... In summary... To conclude... To conclude with... In closing... To sum up... In general... To summarise... In short... All in all... Overall... On the whole... To draw the conclusion... Given these points... Ultimately... In a nutshell... To elucidate... ('To elucidate' means - 'make something clear' or 'to explain'.) All things considered... By and large... Taking everything into consideration... Taking everything into account... In light of these arguments... Weighing up both sides of the argument...

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Crime and Punishment Vocabulary for IELTS Students
Crime and Punishment Vocabulary for IELTS
Crime mind map
IELTS crime vocabulary with example sentences and a model answer. (2022)
Vocabulary for IELTS Writing: Topic Crime and punishment
Crime and Punishment Vocabulary for IELTS

VIDEO

IELTS Writing Task 2
IELTS||VOCABULARY||CRIME||SCORE 8+ BANDS
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Crime and Punishment Vocabulary with Pronunciation
The most common crime and punishment vocabulary with audios for pronunciation. This word list covers crimes, criminals, punishment, court proceedings and other useful words to write and talk about the topic of crime. Practice the words with the vocabulary exercise at the bottom of the page.
IELTS vocabulary: crime and punishment
Updated: April 7th 2022. In IELTS writing task 2 various topics come up, such as the environment, family, society, work, technology, education, food and diet, health, sports and sometimes crime. The topic of crime is difficult for many students as there is so much vocabulary surrounding this.
Crime Vocabulary for IELTS
Crime Vocabulary. Legislation. A law or set of laws suggested by a government and made official by a parliament. There needs to be changes to crime-related legislation. Deter. To make someone less enthusiastic about doing something by threatening bad results if they do it. Tougher prison sentences may be a deterrent to other would-be offenders.
Crime related vocabulary to use in your IELTS exam
On this page you will find crime related vocabulary .These crime words will help you write about the topic or talk about it in your IELTS exam.Read through these words and definitions to broaden your IELTS vocabulary.. Task 2 sample sample question about crime : All criminals should be punished and have a salary cap from the moment they convicted of their crime, others believe they should be ...
Crime and punishment IELTS model essay with vocabulary
A common collocation for people who do not like or trust the police, government or other authority figures. Our band nine sample essays give you the opportunity to learn from successful essays that show off the best structure, vocabulary and grammar. This IELTS essay on crime and punishment explores the advantages and disadvantages of harsh ...
IELTS Crime and Policing Vocabulary
1. Different types of Crime. Below is a list of the most common types of crime that may come up on the IELTS test. For some of the crimes, the person who commits it has a specific name that is written in parenthesis. Abduction / Kidnapping - (Abductor/Kidnapper) - The act of taking someone by force against their will.
Crime and Punishment [IELTS Topics]
IELTS Vocabulary for Crime and Punishment. ... Task 1 - Crime-related Essays. For IELTS writing task 1, it is also possible that you could have to describe data about crime. This is harder to predict because it really could be about almost anything, but here is an example of a line graph about various types of criminal activity: ...
IELTS Band 8+ Vocabulary for Writing Task 2
Vocabulary is unquestionably important in IELTS Writing because it accounts up to 25% of your overall score. Therefore, you should place a strong focus on learning vocabulary to prepare better for the IELTS test. This post covers 3 parts: Academic Words for IELTS Writing Task 2 - Topic: Crime & Punishment Useful Collocations & Phrases
IELTS Writing Task 2 Topic: Crime and Punishment Vocabulary
One of our IELTS trainers will evaluate your essay from an examiner's point of view and reply to the comment. This service is completely FREE of cost. This post will cover a wide range of collocations and vocabulary related to crime and punishment that will enable IELTS candidates to boost their band score for IELTS writing to Band 7.0+
Top 30 IELTS Vocabulary : Crime and punishment
Top 30 IELTS Vocabulary : Crime and punishment. Example: People who carry out crimes of passion often regret their actions later, when they reflect on what they have done. Example: They are serving long prison sentences for their part in the assassination. Meaning: To start committing crimes or using drugs.
IELTS Writing Vocabulary: Crime and punishment
by 9IELTS. July 16, 2022. in IELTS Vocabulary, Writing Vocabulary. Reading Time: 8 mins read. 406. VIEWS. Let's discuss another important topic which will be very useful if you want to score high in IELTS Crime and punishment. Step by step we are moving forward to another important vocabulary section - crime and punishment.
Crime IELTS Topic Ideas, Vocabulary and Sample Answers
In this tutorial, we discuss crime IELTS Topic Ideas, grammar, vocabulary and sample answers. We look at: Specific vocabulary, collocations, and phrases related to crime. What are cleft sentences and how to use it in the IELTS Topic crime. Model essay on the Pros and cons of imprisonment versus rehabilitation.
Vocabulary for IELTS Writing: Topic Crime and punishment
2488. By IELTS Practice Online. Let's discuss another important topic which will be very useful if you want to score high in IELTS Crime and punishment. Step by step we are moving forward to another important vocabulary section - crime and punishment. Let's start with the word crime. Its definition is simple: an act against the law.
IELTS Speaking & Writing Vocabulary: Crime
Vocabulary. In either IELTS Writing or Speaking part you may come across essay question or speaking topics like Crime, Prisons, Crime Prevention, Community service, Crimes on TV, etc. If you do not know the specific vocabulary for this topic, it will be difficult to get a decent score for the Lexical Resource criterion - the variety of vocabulary.
Crime Vocabulary for IELTS Exam
A strong command of crime-related vocabulary is essential for excelling in the IELTS exam, especially in the speaking and writing sections. By familiarizing themselves with the diverse range of crime vocabulary presented in this essay, test takers can articulate their thoughts effectively and display them.
IELTS Writing Task 2 Sample Answer Essay: Crime ...
This is an IELTS Writing Task 2 Sample Answer essay on the topic of crime and technology. This is really efficient, important practice for you because it combines crime and technology - two really common topics on IELTS! Read on for my sample answer essay, vocabulary, practice, and more! Dave
IELTS Essay: Solution to Crime
Short sentences can make your writing clearer. 1. However, the solution detailed above is difficult to implement and the simplest method to discourage crime is to punish criminal acts. 2. There are many justifications cited for punishment but the most basic is the need to deter future crimes. 3.
IELTS Topic: Crime
IELTS Essay: Crime and Human Nature. This is an IELTS writing task 2 sample answer essay on the topic of crime and whether it is a product of nature or nurture. These kinds of topics are really common on IELTS so it is good practice for you to read my sample answer below. If you don't want to miss out on ….
Crime & Punishment Essay Titles
Crime & Punishment Essay Titles. IELTS Essay Questions for the Topic of Crime & Punishment. All essay questions below are reported by IELTS candidates and seem to have been repeated over the years. Regardless of the years the questions were reported, you could get any question below in your test. You should, therefore, prepare ideas for all ...
Sample Essay on Rising Crime Rates
Introduction. Introduce the topic (rising crime rates) Briefly outline my essay. Body paragraph 1. Note that there are different reasons in different places. Explain why urbanisation may be to blame (lack of accountability and social values) Other issues: unemployment, drugs, gangs. Body paragraph 2.
50 Latest Crime IELTS Topics
50 Latest Crime IELTS Topics. Get a band score and detailed report instantly. Check your IELTS essays right now! Read more ». Opinion. In many countries, a prison sentence is considered as the best way to decrease crime. However, education is often argued as a more effective way. Discuss both views and give your opinion.
IELTS Essay About Crime
This essay would fulfil all the necessary criteria for a high band score if written with good vocabulary and grammar. Picking the Right Vocabulary. I wrote an article recently about the crime and punishment topic in the IELTS exam. I also made this video about the topic to help you learn vocabulary:
IELTS Essay (Writing Task 2) Vocabulary
IELTS Writing Task 2 (IELTS Essay Writing) requires a candidate to use a wide range of vocabulary. Connective words and phrases are very important to finish writing task 2 in a logical and coherent way. You must use transitional or connective words in your writing task 2 as it is considered one of the important factors for a high band score.

IELTS vocabulary: crime and punishment

Types of crime:

Less serious crimes

People who carry out the crimes (in red) notice the article ‘a’ before the person

Example sentences:

Collocations and set phrases:

bring crime rates down / reduce crime rates

sentenced to prison / to be given a prison sentence

found guilty of a crime

convicted of a crime

jail / prison / behind bars / incarcerated / locked up

serving time/imprisonment

commit a crime / c riminal activities / break the law

offenders / lawbreakers / offences / re-offend / re-offending

accused of wrongdoing

heavy penalties / strict penalties / harsh treatment

a lenient sentence / get off lightly / a soft option

the criminal justice system

convicts / prisoners / inmates

rehabilitation/counselling sessions

integrate back into society

held under house arrest

community service

act as a deterrent

pay a hefty fine

seek compensation

a miscarriage of justice

Other useful phrases

Leave a comment below if you have any questions.

Crime Vocabulary

More Topic Related Vocabulary:

Environment Vocabulary for IELTS

Work Vocabulary for IELTS

Health Vocabulary

Information Technology Vocabulary for IELTS

Children and the Family Vocabulary

Education Vocabulary for IELTS

The Arts Vocabulary

Science Vocabulary for IELTS

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Crime and punishment IELTS model essay with vocabulary

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IELTS Vocabulary – Crime and Policing

Table of Contents

1. Different types of Crime

2. Activity 1 – Different types of crime activity

3. General Vocabulary for Crime and Policing

4. Activity 2 – General Crime Vocabulary Exercise

5. Crime/Policing Collocations

6. Activity 3 – Crime/ Policing Collocations Vocabulary Exercise

Vocab articles short lists

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Exam Updates & Tips!

IELTS Band 8+ Vocabulary for Writing Task 2 – Topic: Crime & Punishment

Vocabulary is unquestionably important in IELTS Writing because it accounts up to 25% of your overall score. Therefore, you should place a strong focus on learning vocabulary to prepare better for the IELTS test. This post covers 3 parts:

TOPIC: CRIME & PUNISHMENT

2. USEFUL COLLOCATIONS & PHRASES:

3. Writing Task 2 Questions in 2021 – Topic: Crime & Punishment

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Other Useful Expressions and Phrases for Crime and Punishment Topic :

Exercises :

Exercise 2. Choose the correct collocation.

Exercise 3. Correct the mistakes with prepositions in the collocations.

Exercise 4. Come up with Answers for the following topics related to Crime in IELTS Writing Task 2 and post it in the comment section below or on Writingielts.net to be checked and scored by IELTS experts.

Writing IELTS Task 2 Topic 2 :