what is case study class 12

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CBSE Case Study Class 12

While preparing for the board exams, students are being judged on different levels of skills, such as writing, reading, etc. CBSE Case Study Class 12 questions are one of them that helps in assessing critical thinking.

The Central Board of Secondary Education will be asking the case study questions in the Class 12 board examination. Therefore, here on this page, we have provided the CBSE Case Study Class 12 for Maths, Physics, Chemistry, Biology and other subjects. Our subject matter experts have prepared Case Study questions so that Apart from the basic standard questions, students can have a variety of problems to solve. 

Just like MCQs, and other written types questions CBSE Case Study Class 12 questions will impact the overall performance of a student. Therefore for the convenience of the students we have provided the download links here, so that they can easily access the Class 12 Case Study.

Download Subject Wise CBSE Case Study Class 12 Question and Answers PDF 

There are three different streams in class 12th: Science, Arts & Commerce. And all these streams have a variety of subjects therefore, here our subject experts have crafted the Subject Wise Case Study For Class 12. Download Subject Wise CBSE Case Study Class 12 Question and Answers PDF from the below given links.

CBSE Case Study Questions Class 12 for Maths

To learn how to answer CBSE Case Study Class 12 maths questions, it would be a good choice to refer to the separate set of questions in PDF. CBSE Case Study Questions for Class 12 Maths can be quite useful and helpful in understanding how the board will prepare the case based questions for maths. 

The Maths Case studies are distributed into different chapters as per the prescribed syllabus of maths. Each and every chapter contains several number of case studies problems which enable the learners to gain in-depth knowledge in the subject.

The maths case study questions of class 12 are usually based on the formula. If any student wants to get a good score in maths case studies then they have to be well versed with a set of formulas as per the chapters and topics. Case Study Class 12 Maths can be downloaded here on this website for free of cost.

Case Study Questions Class 12 Chapter 1 Relations And Functions

Case Study Questions Class 12 Chapter  3 Matrices

Case Study Questions Class 12 Chapter  4 Determinants

Case Study Questions Class 12 Chapter  5 Continuity And Differentiability

Case Study Questions Class 12 Chapter  6 Application Of Derivatives

Case Study Questions Class 12 Chapter  8 Application Of Integrals

Case Study Questions Class 12 Chapter  9 Differential Equations

Case Study Questions Class 12 Chapter  10 Vector Algebra

Case Study Questions Class 12 Chapter  11 Three Dimensional Geometry

Case Study Questions Class 12 Chapter  12 Linear Programming

Case Study Questions Class 12 Chapter  13 Probability

CBSE Case Study Questions Class 12 for Physics

CBSE Class 12 Physics Case Study for different chapters can be interesting to solve. Class 12th physics case studies generally contain descriptive paragraphs and 4 to 5 different questions are given based on the paragraph. Students are required to read the paragraph thoroughly and understand them as well as observe the given data and information to answer the Class 12 Case Study Questions for Physics. 

In order to solve those questions students are required to have a better understanding of the basic level of physics concepts too, so make sure to use Class 12 Revision Notes of Physics. 

Case Study Questions Class 12 Chapter 1 Electric Charges and Fields

Case Study Questions Class 12 Chapter 2 Electrostatic Potential And Capacitance

Case Study Questions Class 12 Chapter 3 Current Electricity

Case Study Questions Class 12 Chapter 4 Moving Charges And Magnetism

Case Study Questions Class 12 Chapter 5 Magnetism And Matter

Case Study Questions Class 12 Chapter 6 Electromagnetic Induction

Case Study Questions Class 12 Chapter 7 Alternating Current

Case Study Questions Class 12 Chapter 8 Electromagnetic Waves

Case Study Questions Class 12 Chapter 9 Ray Optics & Optical Instruments

Case Study Questions Class 12 Chapter 10 Wave Optics

Case Study Questions Class 12 Chapter 11 Dual Nature Radiation & Matter

Case Study Questions Class 12 Chapter 12 Atoms

Case Study Questions Class 12 Chapter 13 Nuclei

Case Study Questions Class 12 Chapter 14 Semiconductor Electronics - Materials, Devices & Simple Circuits

CBSE Case Study Questions Class 12 for Chemistry

Students opted for Science stream will have to study CBSE Case Study Class 12 Chemistry. The given PDF of CBSE Class 12 Case Study Questions for Chemistry will enable the students to practice tons of questions on a regular basis. It will help them to revise the chemistry questions and its syllabus frequently. The Case study questions allow students to think more creative and find the answers in the quickest way possible. Links to download the PDF file of Class 12 Chemistry Case Study are given here.

Case Study Questions Class 12 Chapter 1 The Solid State

Case Study Questions Class 12 Chapter  2 Solutions

Case Study Questions Class 12 Chapter  3 Electrochemistry

Case Study Questions Class 12 Chapter  4 Chemical Kinetics

Case Study Questions Class 12 Chapter  5 Surface Chemistry  

Case Study Questions Class 12 Chapter  7 The p-Block Elements

Case Study Questions Class 12 Chapter  8 The d- and f-Block Elements

Case Study Questions Class 12 Chapter  9 Coordination Compounds

Case Study Questions Class 12 Chapter  10 Haloalkanes And Haloarenes

Case Study Questions Class 12 Chapter 11 Alcohols, Phenols And Ethers

Case Study Questions Class 12 Chapter  12 Aldehydes. Ketones & Carboxylic Acids

Case Study Questions Class 12 Chapter  13 Amines

Case Study Questions Class 12 Chapter 14 Biomolecules

CBSE Case Study Questions Class 12 for Biology

There are lots of chapters in class 12 Biology from which Class 12 Case Study Questions can be framed. Going through such types of questions help the students to assess their understanding level in the topics discussed in NCERT Class 12 Biology Books. By practicing the Class 12 Case Study Questions for Biology students will be very confident to ace the board exam. Also the Biology case study will be very useful for the NEET exam preparation.

Doing a regular practice of Class 12 Biology Case Study questions is a great way to score higher marks in the board exams as it will help students to develop a grip on the concepts. 

Case Study Questions Class 12 Chapter 2 Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants

Case Study Questions Class 12 Chapter 3 Human Reproduction

Case Study Questions Class 12 Chapter 4 Reproductive Health

Case Study Questions Class 12 Chapter 5 Principles of Inheritance & Variation

Case Study Questions Class 12 Chapter 6 Molecular Basic of Inheritance

Case Study Questions Class 12 Chapter 8 Human Health And Diseases

Case Study Questions Class 12 Chapter 10 Microbes in Human Welfare

Case Study Questions Class 12 Chapter 11 Biotechnology - Principles & Processes

Case Study Questions Class 12 Chapter 12 Biotechnology And Its Applications

Case Study Questions Class 12 Chapter 13 Organisms And Populations

Case Study Questions Class 12 Chapter 15 Biodiversity And Conversation

Case study types of questions are generally descriptive that helps to gather more information easily so, it is kinda easy to answer. However, our subject matter experts have given the solutions of all the CBSE Case Study Class 12 Biology questions.

Passage Based Class 12 Case Study Questions in PDF

CBSE Class 12 Case studies are known as Passage Based Questions. These types of problems usually contain a short/long paragraph with 4 to 5 questions. 

Students can easily solve Passage Based Class 12 Case Study Questions by reading those passages. By reading the passage students will get the exact idea of what should be the answers. Because the passage already contains some vital information or data. However a better understanding of the basic concepts that can be learned from the NCERT Class 12 Textbooks will aid in solving the Case based questions or passage based questions.

How to Download CBSE Case Study of Class 12?

Follow the below given simple steps to know how to download CBSE Case Study of Class 12:-

• Open Selfstudys website in your browser
• Go to the navigation menu that look like this
• Now, click on CBSE and then Case Study respectively
• A new page will open, where you have to click on “Class 12”
• Now, you are ready to select the subject for which you want to download the case study questions.

How to Solve Case Study Based Questions of Class 12?

There are very simple methods that a student should keep in mind while solving CBSE Case Study Class 12 for any subject:

• Read each line of paragraph carefully and pay attention to the given data/numbers. Often questions are framed according to the highlighted data of the passage.
• Since case study questions are often framed in Multiple choice questions, students should have the knowledge of elimination methods in MCQs.
• Having a good understanding of the topics that are discussed in CBSE Class 12 Books are ideal to Solve Case Study Based Questions of Class 12.

Features Of Class 12 Case Study Questions And Answers PDF

The three most noticeable features of Class 12 Case Study Questions And Answers Pdf are -

• It Is Free To Use:  Keeping in mind the need of students and to help them in doing Self Study, our team has made all the PDF of CBSE Case Study Class 12 free of cost.
• Answers Are Given:  Not only the PDFs are free provided but answers are given for all the questions of CBSE Case Study Class 12. 
• PDF Can Be Downloaded Or Viewed Online:  Many students don’t like to download the PDFs on their device due to the shortage of storage. Therefore, CBSE Class 12 Case Study questions are made available here in online format, so that students can view them online. However, through the Selfstudys app, a learner can download the PDFs too.

Benefits of Using CBSE Class 12 Case Study Questions and Answers

The CBSE Class 12 Case Study Questions and Answers can help a student in several ways:

• In Exam Preparation:  Those who go through the CBSE Case Study Class 12 will find support during the exam preparation as case based questions are also asked in the CBSE Class 12 Board examination. 
• Help in brushing up the previous learnings:  No matter how brilliant you are, you have to revise the studied topics time and again to keep them refreshed. And in this task, the CBSE Class 12 Case Study Questions and Answers can help a lot.
• To develop the critical thinking:  Able to analyse information and make an objective judgement is a skill that is known as critical thinking. A student of class 12 can use CBSE Case Study Class 12 with answers to develop critical thinking so that they can make better decisions in their life and in the board examination.

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• Class 12th /

Business Studies Class 12 Case Studies

• Updated on  
• Feb 12, 2021

The Central Board of Secondary Examination [CBSE] carries out periodic changes frequently in the structure of syllabus and question pattern across different commerce subjects . With more and more questions being added which aim to evaluate concept-application, analysis and interpretation, the prevalent practice of theoretical learning is being done away with. The inclusion of Business Studies class 12 case studies is a step in this direction. Further, the vast nature of syllabus in the subject makes this way testing much more practical in place of merely listing and rewriting. Here, we present a full-fledged guide on how to tackle these case studies questions in a way that can get you better scores.

This Blog Includes:

Overview & structure, what is a case study, business studies class 12 case studies: examples, how to solve case studies in business studies class 12.

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Business studies broadly encompass ‘Principles and Functions of Management’ which deal with management, its nature, elements, theories and application as well as ‘Business Finance and Marketing’ which concerns financial markets , marketing management and consumer protection. Before taking a look at the Business Studies Class 12, take a look at the pattern of the paper is as follows:

Note: Case studies are not separate sections or parts. They can be asked as all across the above-mentioned sections.

In particular, case studies are based on real-life scenarios which concern business-related situations. This involves, for instance, cases wherein a person starts a business concern, problems faced in its management, a unique set of circumstances encountered and a host of other different situations. The students are required to correlate concepts in management and solve questions based on their understanding of such concepts. Identification of a particular aspect of Business Management is also a highly used testing criterion.

Here are a few examples of case study questions you can expect to see in the Class 12 Business Studies paper based on official CBSE Question Paper 2020:

Umang Gupta is the Managing Director of Denver Ltd. The company had established a good name for itself and had been doing well. It was known for the timely completion of orders. The Production Manager, Ms Kanta was efficiently handling the processing of the order and had a team of fourteen motivated employees working under her. Everything was going on well. Unfortunately, she met with an accident. Umang knew that in the absence of Ms Kanta, the company may not be able to meet the deadlines. He also knew that not meeting the deadlines may lead to customer dissatisfaction with the risk of loss of business and goodwill. So, he had a meeting with his employees in which accurate the speedy processing of orders was planned. Everybody agreed to work as a team because the behaviour of Umang Gupta was positive towards the employees of the organisation. Hence everyone put in extra time and efforts and the targets were met on time. Not only this, Umang visited Ms Kanta and advised her to take sufficient rest. 1. Identify the leadership style of Umang Gupta and draw a diagram depicting the style. 2. State any two values highlighted by the behaviour of Umang Gupta. (CBSE, Delhi 2017)

Indian Youth Organisation (IYO) organised a visit of its members to an old age home to inculcate the habit of social work among them. The visit revealed that the living conditions of the inmates of the old age home were not hygienic. So, the IYO members decided to clean the premises. During their cleanliness drive, they realised that the old age home also required pest control. But some of the inmates of old age home were reluctant about it because they believed that the pest control might create health problems for them. IYO, therefore, decided to provide ethical, safe and odourless pest control. They showed to the inmates of old age home a pamphlet of the proposed pest control product which promised easy, inexpensive and long-lasting pest control. The inmates happily agreed and the pest control was carried out. It worked for a fortnight but to their dismay, the effect started wearing off. IYO contacted the pest control company which kept on postponing their visit. After waiting for a month, IYO filed a cased in the consumer court. The consumer court was satisfied with the genuineness of the complaint and issued necessary directions to the pest control company. 1. State the six directions that might have been issued by the court. 2. Also, identify any two values that are being communicated by IYO to society. (CBSE, Delhi 2017)

ABC Ltd is a consumer appliance company established in 1992. With its effort of quality maintenance, it has established a competent name in the market for its products. In its efforts of specialisation, it has set up different departments of finance, sales, manufacturing, technical services and maintenance services. As the spaces of operation have risen along with soaring consumer demand, ABD Ltd came to resolution to alter its current principle of management in order to meet varying requirements of the environment.  Write the specific general principle of management the company intends to modify to meet the changing requirements.

Gold Land Pvt. Ltd. is a wheat-producing company. Daily 5000 bags of wheat weighing 10 kg each are produced here. In comparison to the previous year, this ere has been less number of bags produced on a per-day basis. The number is around 4500 which is less than the target of 5000 set by the company. The company however has been able to reduce the costs involved in comparison to last year’s spending on the production and packaging of each bag. The quality of bags has also been up to the mark. Identify the concept of management ignored here.

A floor manager of a mall is a very good manager as he utilizes all the functions of management to minimize the cost of maintenance of his area. He directs all the staff members under him to follow the targets and advises them to put their efforts in the direction of the achievement of these targets. Under his guidance, the employees admit that they learn a lot and are able to meet their targets. This has led to an increase in their salaries. Identify the importance of management highlighted above.

A bank named ‘Dhan Sangraha Karta’ allows the Kapoor family to deposit their money time and again in it. It gives a definite return to this family which is in the form of interest. To get this interest the money stored in the household of Kapoor family gets entry into this bank. Nearby there is a stock exchange, Mr Rajan Kapoor, who is the head of the family, goes there and buys securities. He says that in this way more return in earned by him on his saved money though the risk is also there. 1. Identify the process in the above case performed by the bank and the stock exchange. 2. What are the roles of the bank and the stock exchange with respect to each other? 3. Name a condition for the bank to perform its role in this process. 4. Name a condition for the stock market to perform its role in this process.

To make the sports day of the school successful the Headmaster of the school divided all the activities into task groups each dealing with a specific area like holding of the event, the arrangement of medals, refreshments etc. Each group was placed under the overall supervision of a senior teacher. The physical education teacher was made responsible for holding different events, the home science teacher for refreshments and the Maths teacher for medals. Identify the function of management performed by the Headmaster in doing so.

Exploring Class 12 notes? Don’t Forget to Check Out Our Exclusive Guide on CBSE Accountancy Class 12 !

RTVB Technologies Ltd. entered the gaming market via its launch of a comprehensive gaming brand name that focused on gaming consoles, games and other accessories. This was done after careful consideration of changing consumer needs and market trends. While its products are expensive, they are of high quality as well as eco-friendly. Their efforts were to differentiate their product from the existing items available in the market and devoted significant efforts, time and money in the creation of the brand name as without this they can only focus on awareness for generic products and can never be sure of sale of products. After some time, their efforts led to a positive growth in demand of products and parallelly as the customers liking also grew, the higher price was no longer a buyer. Over time, the company’s gaming brand became regarded as a status symbol owing to its impressive quality and consumers by using them felt a sense of pride. I. What is RTVB Ltd.’s marketing management philosophy? II. In the above case, describe the benefits of branding to the marketeers.

Note: You can access more Business Studies Class 12 Case Studies here .

Since they aim to analyze the student’s understanding of business studies and management studies, the case studies in Class 12 can be intricate and complex ones to comprehend. But there are many ways to easily solve them and grasp the concepts covered under Business Studies. We have enlisted some of the best tips and tricks you can utilise to crack the case studies in Business Studies Class 12:

Read NCERT Books for Business Studies thoroughly and go through all the topics covered in each chapter. NCERT books can be your best buddy in exploring the nuances of business and management as they describe the essential topics in a simpler and uncomplicated manner. Once you have read all the chapters given in NCERT as well as the case studies under each chapter then move towards studying with reference books.

While solving case studies for Business Studies Class 12, understand the question carefully and highlight all the key aspects mentioned that seem important. This can vary from the changes brought forward by a business firm to a decision that led to something important or the beliefs and philosophies an enterprise started with. Highlight all the key pointers and then start drafting the answers.

If the question asks an analysis of a certain aspect of a decision or management, it’s better to write down all the key pointers elucidating the pros and cons of the issue you are asked to analyse . Once you have the pointers, you can write down the answer easily.

Don’t write lengthy answers and try to make them concise and insightful . Adhere to the word limit provided and draft a comprehensive answer accordingly.

Some questions might explicitly mention the topic from the syllabus for Business Studies Class 12 such as “analyse the step taken by ______ Manager as per the Functions of Management”. You can use this as a hint to answer the question as per the concepts covered under the Functions of Management in the syllabus. Look out for such hints in the question on case studies as they can help you draft an impressive and high-scoring answer.

While preparing for the class 12 examinations, one can make use of the following resources:

• Case Studies Mentor in Business Studies Class- XII by Alka Dhawan
• Case Studies in Business Studies by Tapan Pathak for CBSE Class 12 by Tapan Pathak
• Business Studies with Case Studies for Class-XI by Sandeep Garg
• Business Studies for Class 12 – Question-Answer Bank by MeriPustak
• CBSE Class 12 Business Studies-Case Studies by Shiv Das
• Oswaal CBSE Question Bank Class 12 Business Studies Book by Oswaal Books
• Business Studies for Class 12 by RK Singla
• All In One Business Studies CBSE class 12 2019-20 (Old Edition) by Arihant Experts
• ABD’s Business Studies – Mastering Case Studies – (Class XII) (2019-2020) by Neeru Sethi

It requires a solid grasp over business and management concepts to tackle Business Studies Class 12 Case Studies. If you are planning to pursue a degree in Business after class 12, take assistance of our team of experts at Leverage Edu and we’ll help you find a suitable course and university thus gearing you up for a successful future ahead.

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• Knowledge Base

Methodology

• What Is a Case Study? | Definition, Examples & Methods

What Is a Case Study? | Definition, Examples & Methods

Published on May 8, 2019 by Shona McCombes . Revised on November 20, 2023.

A case study is a detailed study of a specific subject, such as a person, group, place, event, organization, or phenomenon. Case studies are commonly used in social, educational, clinical, and business research.

A case study research design usually involves qualitative methods , but quantitative methods are sometimes also used. Case studies are good for describing , comparing, evaluating and understanding different aspects of a research problem .

Table of contents

When to do a case study, step 1: select a case, step 2: build a theoretical framework, step 3: collect your data, step 4: describe and analyze the case, other interesting articles.

A case study is an appropriate research design when you want to gain concrete, contextual, in-depth knowledge about a specific real-world subject. It allows you to explore the key characteristics, meanings, and implications of the case.

Case studies are often a good choice in a thesis or dissertation . They keep your project focused and manageable when you don’t have the time or resources to do large-scale research.

You might use just one complex case study where you explore a single subject in depth, or conduct multiple case studies to compare and illuminate different aspects of your research problem.

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Once you have developed your problem statement and research questions , you should be ready to choose the specific case that you want to focus on. A good case study should have the potential to:

• Provide new or unexpected insights into the subject
• Challenge or complicate existing assumptions and theories
• Propose practical courses of action to resolve a problem
• Open up new directions for future research

TipIf your research is more practical in nature and aims to simultaneously investigate an issue as you solve it, consider conducting action research instead.

Unlike quantitative or experimental research , a strong case study does not require a random or representative sample. In fact, case studies often deliberately focus on unusual, neglected, or outlying cases which may shed new light on the research problem.

Example of an outlying case studyIn the 1960s the town of Roseto, Pennsylvania was discovered to have extremely low rates of heart disease compared to the US average. It became an important case study for understanding previously neglected causes of heart disease.

However, you can also choose a more common or representative case to exemplify a particular category, experience or phenomenon.

Example of a representative case studyIn the 1920s, two sociologists used Muncie, Indiana as a case study of a typical American city that supposedly exemplified the changing culture of the US at the time.

While case studies focus more on concrete details than general theories, they should usually have some connection with theory in the field. This way the case study is not just an isolated description, but is integrated into existing knowledge about the topic. It might aim to:

• Exemplify a theory by showing how it explains the case under investigation
• Expand on a theory by uncovering new concepts and ideas that need to be incorporated
• Challenge a theory by exploring an outlier case that doesn’t fit with established assumptions

To ensure that your analysis of the case has a solid academic grounding, you should conduct a literature review of sources related to the topic and develop a theoretical framework . This means identifying key concepts and theories to guide your analysis and interpretation.

There are many different research methods you can use to collect data on your subject. Case studies tend to focus on qualitative data using methods such as interviews , observations , and analysis of primary and secondary sources (e.g., newspaper articles, photographs, official records). Sometimes a case study will also collect quantitative data.

Example of a mixed methods case studyFor a case study of a wind farm development in a rural area, you could collect quantitative data on employment rates and business revenue, collect qualitative data on local people’s perceptions and experiences, and analyze local and national media coverage of the development.

The aim is to gain as thorough an understanding as possible of the case and its context.

In writing up the case study, you need to bring together all the relevant aspects to give as complete a picture as possible of the subject.

How you report your findings depends on the type of research you are doing. Some case studies are structured like a standard scientific paper or thesis , with separate sections or chapters for the methods , results and discussion .

Others are written in a more narrative style, aiming to explore the case from various angles and analyze its meanings and implications (for example, by using textual analysis or discourse analysis ).

In all cases, though, make sure to give contextual details about the case, connect it back to the literature and theory, and discuss how it fits into wider patterns or debates.

If you want to know more about statistics , methodology , or research bias , make sure to check out some of our other articles with explanations and examples.

• Normal distribution
• Degrees of freedom
• Null hypothesis
• Discourse analysis
• Control groups
• Mixed methods research
• Non-probability sampling
• Quantitative research
• Ecological validity

Research bias

• Rosenthal effect
• Implicit bias
• Cognitive bias
• Selection bias
• Negativity bias
• Status quo bias

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myCBSEguide

• Class 12 Economics Case...

Class 12 Economics Case Study Questions

Table of Contents

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Download the app to get CBSE Sample Papers 2023-24, NCERT Solutions (Revised), Most Important Questions, Previous Year Question Bank, Mock Tests, and Detailed Notes.

In this article, we will discuss how to download CBSE class 12 Economics Case Study Questions from the myCBSEguide App and our Student Dashboard for free. For the students appearing for class 12 board exams from the commerce/ humanities stream, Economics is a very lucrative and important subject. It is a very high-scoring subject that aids the students to increase their percentile and excel in academics.

The exam is divided into 2 parts:

• Macro Economics
• Indian Economics Development

12 Economics Case Study Questions

CBSE introduced case-based questions for class 12 in the year 2021-22 to enhance critical thinking in students. CBSE introduced a few changes in the question paper pattern to enhance and develop analytical and reasoning skills among students. Sanyam Bharadwaj, controller of examinations, CBSE quoted that the case-based questions would be based on real-life situations encountered by students.

The purpose was to drift from rote learning to competency and situation-based learning. He emphasized the fact that it was the need of the hour to move away from the old system and formulate new policies to enhance the critical reasoning skills of students. Introducing case study questions was a step toward achieving the goals of the National Education Policy (NEP) 2020.

What is a Case Study Question?

As part of these questions, the students would be provided with a comprehensive passage, based on which analytical questions will have to be solved by them. The students will have to read the given passage thoroughly before attempting the questions. In The current examination cycle (2021-22), case-based questions have a weightage of around 20%.

Types of Case Study Questions in Economics

CBSE plans to increase the weightage of such questions in the following years, so as to enhance the intellectual and analytical abilities of the students. Case-based questions are predominantly of 3 types namely:

• Inferential

Local questions

Local questions can be easily solved as the answers are there in the given passage itself.

Global Questions

For Global questions, the students will have to read the passage in depth, analyze it and then solve it.

Inferential questions

Inferential questions are the ones that would require the student to have complete knowledge of the topic and could be answered by application of the concepts. The answers to such questions are tricky and not visible in the given passage, though the passage would highlight the concept on which the questions would be asked by CBSE.

HOTS Questions in Class 12 Economics

Personally, the concept of case-based questions is not new since CBSE has always included questions based on Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTs). Though now we will have an increased percentage of such questions in the question paper.

Advantages of Case-based Questions

Class 12 Economics has two books and CBSE can ask Case study questions from any of them. Students must prepare themselves for both the books. They must practice class 12 Economics case-based questions as much as possible.

Case study questions:

• Enhance the intellectual and analytical abilities of the students.
• Provide a complete and deeper understanding of the subject.
• Inculcate intellectual reasoning and scientific temperamental in students.
• Help students retain knowledge for a longer time.
• Would definitely help to discard the concept of memorizing insanely and cramming without a factual understanding of the content.
• The questions would help to terminate the existing system of education in India that promotes rote learning.

Sample case study questions (Economics) class 12

Here are some case study questions for CBSE class 12 Economics. If you wish to get more case study questions and other related study material, download the myCBSEguide App now. You can also access it through our Student Dashboard.

Case Study 1

Keeping in view the continuing hardships faced by banks in terms of social distancing of staff and consequent strains on reporting requirements, the Reserve Bank of India has extended the relaxation of the minimum daily maintenance of the CRR of 80% for up to September 25, 2020. Currently, CRR is 3% and SLR is 18.50%.

“As announced in the Statement of Development and Regulatory Policies of March 27, 2020, the minimum daily maintenance of CRR was reduced from 90% of the prescribed CRR to 80% effective the fortnight beginning March 28, 2020 till June 26, 2020, that has now been extended up to September 25, 2020,” said the RBI.

Q.1 The full forms of CRR and SLR are:

• Current Reserve Ratio and Statutory Legal Reserves
• Cash Reserve Ratio and Statutory Legal Reserves
• Current Required Ratio and Statutory Legal Reserves
• Cash Reserve Ratio and Statutory Liquidity Ratio (ans)

Q.2 What will be the value of the money multiplier?

• None of these

Q.3 SLR implies:

• a) Certain percentage of the total banks’ deposits has to be kept in the current account with RBI
• b) Certain percentage of net total demand and time deposits have to be kept by the bank themselves (ans)
• c) Certain percentage of net demand deposits has to be kept by the banks with RBI
• d) None of the above

Q.4 Decrease in CRR will lead to __.

• a) fall in aggregate demand in the economy
• b) rise in aggregate demand in the economy (ans)
• c) no change in aggregate demand in the economy
• d) fall in the general price level in the economy

Case Study 2

An important lesson that the COVID-19 pandemic has taught the policymakers in India is to provide greater impetus to sectors that make better allocation of resources and reduce income inequalities. COVID-19 has also taught a lesson that in crisis the population returns to rely on the farm sector. India has a large arable land, but the farm sector has its own structural problems. However, directly or indirectly, 50 percent of the households still depend on the farm sector. Greater support to MSMEs, higher public expenditure on health and education and making the labour force a formal employee in the economy are some of the milestones that the nation has to achieve.

One of the imminent reforms to be done in the country is labour reforms. Labour laws are outmoded in India, and some of these date back to the last century.

India’s complex labour laws have been blamed for keeping manufacturing businesses small and hindering job creation. Industry hires labour informally because of complex laws and that is responsible for low wages.

• Which types of structural problems are faced by the agricultural sector?
• “It is necessary to create employment in the formal sector rather than in the informal sector.’’ Defend or refute the given statement with valid argument.
• Hired labour comes in …………………. (Informal organisation / formal organisation)
• What do you mean by MSMEs?

Case Study 3

People spend to acquire information relating to the labour market and other markets like education and health. This information is necessary to make decisions w.r.t investment in human capital and its efficient utilization. Thus, expenditure incurred for acquiring information relating to the labour market and other markets is also a source of human capital formation.

Q1. Which of the following is the source of human capital formation in India?

• Acquiring information
• All of these (ans)

Q2. Education provides

• Private benefit
• Social benefit
• Both 1) and 2) (ans)

Q3. __ persons contribute more to the growth of an economy.

Q4. Training given by a company to its employees is generally__________

• Investment (ans)
• Social wastage
• Both 1) and 2)

Tips to Solve Case Study Questions in Economics

Let’s understand how you can solve case study questions in class 12 Economics. The two books are Macroeconomics and Indian Economic Development.

• Read the passage thoroughly
• Can follow a reversal pattern, especially macroeconomics questions, i.e. read questions first and then look for the answers in the passage.
• In case the question asked is about Indian Economic Development, read the passage very carefully as most of the answers would be hidden in the passage itself.
• Macro Economics questions will be more application-based and would test your conceptual clarity.
• Answer briefly and precisely.

Important Chapters – Economics Case Study Questions

Following are some of the very important topics that need to be prepared very thoroughly under CBSE class 12 Economics. We expect that CBSE will certainly ask case-based questions from these chapters.

• National income and its aggregates
• Government budget
• Current challenges faced by the Indian economy

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thanks for your information, dont forget to visit airlangga university website https://www.unair.ac.id/mahasiswa-unair-dan-y20-indonesia-diskusikan-isu-resesi-ekonomi/

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NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Macroeconomics Chapter 2 Case Study

NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Macroeconomics Chapter 2 Case Study Questions with answers in English Medium updated for CBSE session 2023-24. Class 12 Economics chapter 2 National Income Accounting Case Study MCQ and revision in Case Studies are given here with Case based questions.

Class 12 Macroeconomics Chapter 2 Case Studies Question Answers

• Class 12 Macroeconomics Chapter 2 Case Study
• Class 12 Macroeconomics Chapter 2 NCERT Solutions
• Class 12 Macroeconomics Chapter 2 MCQ Answers
• Class 12 Indian Eco & Macro Economics Solutions
• Class 12 NCERT Solutions in Hindi & English Medium
• Class 12 NCERT Books in Hindi & English Medium

One of the settlers of the subject we name in economics moment, Adam Smith, named his maximum influential work – An Inquiry into the Nature and Beget of the Wealth of Nations. What generates the profitable wealth of a nation? What makes international locations rich or poor? These are a number of the central questions of economics. It isn’t always that international locations which might be endowed with a bounty of herbal wealth – minerals or timbers or the maximum rich lands – are naturally the richest international locations.

In fact, the resource rich Africa and Latin America have a number of the poorest international locations with inside the world, while numerous prosperous international locations have scarcely any herbal wealth. There changed into a time while possession of herbal coffers changed into the maximum crucial consideration however indeed additionally, the resource had to be converted via a product system. The profitable wealth, or well- being, of USA consequently, doesn’t inescapably depend at the bare possession of coffers; the factor is how those coffers are used in producing an inflow of product and how, as a consequence, earnings and wealth are generated from that system.

• Question 1: The profitable wealth, or well- being, of a country doesn’t inescapably depend at the bare possession of ______.
• Question 2: State a few central questions of economics.
• Question 3: What’s herbal wealth?
• Question 4: Do the herbal coffers of a country define its wealth? Give an illustration.
• Question 5: State whether or not True or False. (a) Profitable wealth of a country relies upon at the possession of the coffers simplest. (b) Adam Smith is one of the settlers of economics subject. (c) Coffers are used in producing an inflow of product and earnings and wealth are generated from that system.
• Answer 1: Coffers
• Answer 2: What generates the profitable wealth of a nation? What makes international locations rich or poor? These are a number of the central questions of economics.
• Answer 3: Timbers, rich lands, lands rich with minerals are a few exemplifications of herbal wealth of a country.
• Answer 4: No, the herbal coffers don’t define the wealth of a country. In fact, the resource rich Africa and Latin America have a number of the poorest international locations with inside the world, while numerous prosperous international locations have scarcely any herbal wealth.
• Answer 5: (a) False, (b) True, (c) True.

In our current monetary placing this float of manufacturing arises out of manufacturing of commodities – items and offerings through tens of thousands and thousands of companies big and small. These companies’ variety from large organizations using a big wide variety of humans to unmarried entrepreneur companies. But what takes place to those commodities after being produced? Each manufacturer of commodities intends to promote her output. So, from the smallest objects like pins or buttons to the most important ones like aeroplanes, motors, large equipment or any saleable provider like that of the doctor, the legal professional or the economic consultant – the products and offerings produced are to be bought to the clients.

The customer can also additionally, in turn, be a character or an organization and the best or provider bought through that entity is probably for very last use or to be used in similarly manufacturing. When it’s far utilized in similarly manufacturing it frequently loses its function as that particular exact and is converted via an efficient system into any other exact. Thus, a farmer generating cotton sells it to a spinning mill wherein the uncooked cotton undergoes transformation to yarn; the yarn is, in turn, bought to a fabric mill wherein, via the efficient system, it’s far converted into fabric; the fabric is, in turn, converted via any other efficient system into an editorial of garb that’s then geared up to be bought subsequently to the clients for very last use. Such an object that is supposed for very last use and could now no longer by skip via any greater levels of manufacturing or ameliorations is referred to as a very last exact.

• Question 1: What takes place to the commodity after being produced?
• Question 2: What takes place while an entity for very last use is once more used for similarly manufacturing to be converted into any other product?
• Question 3: Describe the system how cotton will become very last exact.
• Question 4: State whether or not True or False. (a) Each manufacturer of commodities intends to promote her output. (b) Goods and offerings produced through tens of thousands and thousands of small and large companies collectively shape a float of manufacturing. (c) When an entity for very last use is once more used for similarly manufacturing to be converted into any other product, its traits stay identical.
• Answer 1: Each manufacturer of commodities intends to promote her output. So, from the smallest objects like pins or buttons to the most important ones like aeroplanes, motors, large equipment or any saleable provider like that of the doctor, the legal professional or the economic consultant – the products and offerings produced are to be bought to the clients.
• Answer 2: When an entity is utilized in similarly manufacturing it frequently loses its function as that particular exact and is converted via an efficient system into any other exact.
• Answer 3: A farmer produces cotton after which sells it to a spinning mill wherein the uncooked cotton undergoes transformation into yarn; the yarn is then bought to a fabric mill wherein, via the efficient system, it’s far converted into fabric; the fabric is once more been converted via any other efficient system into an editorial of garb, that’s then geared up to be bought subsequently to the clients for very last use.
• Answer 4: (a) True, (b)True, (c) False.

An object that is supposed for very last use and could now no longer by skip via any greater levels of manufacturing or ameliorations is referred to as a very last exact. Why will we name this a very last exact? Because as soon as it’s been bought it passes out of the lively monetary float. It will now no longer go through any similarly transformation on the fingers of any manufacturer. It can also additionally, however, go through transformation through the movement of the last purchaser. In fact, many such very last items are converted all through their intake. Thus, the tea leaves bought through the customer aren’t fed on in that shape – they’re used to make drinkable tea, that’s fed on. Similarly, maximum of the objects that input our kitchen are converted via the system of cooking. But cooking at domestic isn’t a monetary activity, despite the fact that the product concerned undergoes transformation. Home cooked meals isn’t bought to the marketplace.

However, if the identical cooking or tea brewing changed into accomplished in an eating place wherein the cooked product could be bought to customers, then the identical objects, along with tea leaves, could end to be very last items and could count as inputs to which monetary price addition can take location. Thus, it isn’t with inside the nature of the best however with inside the monetary nature of its use that an awesome will become a very last exact. Of the very last items, we will distinguish among intake items and capital items. Goods like meals and garb, and offerings like activity which are fed on while bought through their last clients are referred to as intake items or customer items.

• Question 1: What is a very last exact?
• Question 2: Why it’s far referred to as a very last exact?
• Question 3: Fill with inside the blanks (a) Most of the objects that input our kitchen are converted via the system of _____________. (b) Cooking at ____________ isn’t a monetary activity. (c) Many very last items are ___________ all through their intake.
• Question 4: What is intake or customer items?
• Question 5: What are the varieties of very last items?
• Answer 1: An object that is supposed for very last use and could now no longer by skip via any greater levels of manufacturing or ameliorations is referred to as a very last exact.
• Answer 2: It is referred to as very last exact due to the fact as soon as it’s been bought it passes out of the lively monetary float. It will now no longer go through any similarly transformation on the fingers of any manufacturer.
• Answer 3: (a) cooking, (b) domestic, (c) converted
• Answer 4: Goods like meals and garb, and offerings like activity which are fed on while bought through their last clients are referred to as intake items or customer items.
• Answer 5: Final items can be prominent in types: Capital items and Consumption items.

There are different items which are of long-lasting individual which might be used with inside the manufacturing system. These are tools, implements and machines. While they make manufacturing of different commodities feasible, they themselves don’t get converted with inside the manufacturing system. They also are very last items but they’re now no longer very last items to be in the long run fed on. Unlike the very last items that we’ve taken into consideration above, they’re the essential spine of any manufacturing system, in assisting and permitting the manufacturing to take location. These items shape part of capital, one of the essential elements of manufacturing wherein an efficient organization has invested, and that they maintain to allow the manufacturing system to move on for non-stop cycles of manufacturing. These are capital items and that they step by step go through put on and tear, and accordingly are repaired or step by step changed over the years.

The inventory of capital that a financial system possesses is accordingly preserved, maintained and renewed in part or absolutely over the years and that is of a few significance with inside the dialogue so that it will follow. We can also additionally be aware right here that a few commodities like TV sets, motors or domestic computers, even though they’re for last intake, have one function in not unusual place with capital items – they’re additionally long lasting. That is, they’re now no longer extinguished through instantaneously or maybe quick duration intake; they have got a surprisingly lengthy existence in comparison to articles along with meals or maybe garb.

They additionally go through put on and tear with slow use and frequently want maintenance and replacements of parts, i.e., like machines additionally they want to be preserved, maintained and renewed. That is why we name those items customer durable. Thus, if we recollect all of the very last items and offerings produced in a financial system in a given time frame, they’re both with inside the shape of intake items (each long lasting and non-long lasting) or capital items. As very last items they do now no longer go through any similarly transformation with inside the monetary system.

• Question 1: Which different items are utilized in manufacturing of commodities?
• Question 2: These are capital items and that they step by step go through _____________, and accordingly are repaired or step by step ____________ over the years.
• Question 3: What does TV sets, Computers, Mobiles etc. have in not unusual place with capital items?
• Question 4: What will we name commodities like TV sets, Computers, Mobiles etc.?
• Question 5: In what paperwork we will divide very last items and offerings in a financial system?
• Answer 1: The items which are utilized in manufacturing of a commodity are of long-lasting individual. Tools, Implements and machines are a few examples of it. While they make manufacturing of different commodities feasible, they themselves don’t get converted with inside the manufacturing system. They also are very last items but they’re now no longer very last items to be in the long run fed on.
• Answer 2: put on and tear; changed
• Answer 3: Television sets, mobiles or computers, even though they’re for last intake, have one function in not unusual place with capital items – they’re additionally long lasting.
• Answer 4: These commodities aren’t extinguished through instantaneously or maybe quick duration intake; they have got a surprisingly lengthy existence in comparison to articles along with meals or maybe garb. They additionally go through put on and tear with slow use and frequently want maintenance and replacements of parts, i.e., like machines additionally they want to be preserved, maintained and renewed. That is why we name those items customer durable.
• Answer 5: If we recollect all of the very last items and offerings produced in a financial system in a given time frame, they’re both with inside the shape of intake items (each long lasting and non-long lasting) or capital items. As very last items they do now no longer go through any similarly transformation with inside the monetary system.

Of the whole manufacturing taking location with inside the financial system a big wide variety of merchandise don’t emerge as in very last intake and aren’t capital items both. Such items can be utilized by different manufacturers as cloth inputs. Examples are metal sheets used for making motors and copper used for making utensils. These are intermediate items, normally used as uncooked cloth or inputs for manufacturing of different commodities. These aren’t very last items. Now, to have a complete concept of the whole float of manufacturing with inside the financial system, we want to have a quantitative degree of the mixture stage of very last items produced with inside the financial system. However, with a purpose to get a quantitative assessment – a degree of the whole very last items and offerings produced with inside the financial system – it’s far apparent that we want a not unusual place measuring rod. We can’t upload metres of fabric produced to tonnes of rice or wide variety of motors or machines. Our not unusual place measuring rod is cash.

Since every of those commodities is produced for sale, the sum general of the economic price of those numerous commodities offers us a degree of very last output. But why are we to degree very last items simplest? Surely intermediate items are essential inputs to any manufacturing system and a sizable a part of our manpower and capital inventory are engaged in manufacturing of those items. However, on account that we’re coping with price of output, we ought to understand that the price of the very last items already consists of the price of the intermediate items which have entered into their manufacturing as inputs. Counting them one after the other will cause the mistake of double counting. Whereas thinking about intermediate items can also additionally supply a fuller description of general monetary activity, counting them will relatively exaggerate the very last price of our monetary activity.

• Question 1: What is the not unusual place measuring entity to have a complete concept of the whole float of manufacturing with inside the financial system?
• Question 2: Of the whole manufacturing taking location with inside the financial system a big wide variety of merchandise don’t emerge as in very last intake and aren’t ______ both.
• Question 3: Intermediate items are essential inputs to any manufacturing system and a sizable a part of our manpower and capital inventory are engaged in manufacturing of those items. (True/False)
• Question 4: Counting the price of intermediate items one after the other will cause the mistake of______.
• Question 5: What do we get thinking about intermediate items?
• Answer 1: To have a complete concept of the whole float of manufacturing with inside the financial system, we want to have a quantitative degree of the mixture stage of very last items produced with inside the financial system. However, with a purpose to get a quantitative assessment – a degree of the whole very last items and offerings produced with inside the financial system – it’s far apparent that we want a not unusual place measuring rod. We can’t upload meters of fabric produced to tonnes of rice or wide variety of motors or machines. Our not unusual place measuring rod is cash.
• Answer 2: Capital items.
• Answer 3: True
• Answer 4: Double counting
• Answer 5: Considering intermediate items can also additionally supply a fuller description of general monetary activity, counting them will relatively exaggerate the very last price of our monetary activity.

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CBSE Class 12 Chemistry Case Study Questions PDF

Case studies play a pivotal role in CBSE Class 12 Chemistry, as they enable students to apply theoretical knowledge to real-life scenarios. CBSE Class 12 Chemistry Case Study Questions PDF section introduces the significance of case studies in enhancing analytical skills and understanding complex chemical reactions.

Case studies challenge students to think critically, analyze experimental data, and devise problem-solving strategies. They provide a deeper understanding of chemical principles and their practical applications, fostering a holistic learning experience. Familiarize yourself with the structure of case study questions to streamline your preparation. Each case study presents a unique chemical problem, encouraging students to identify relevant concepts and devise accurate solutions.

Table of Contents

Class 12 Chemistry Case Study Questions

CBSE Class 12 Chemistry question paper will have case study questions too. These case-based questions will be objective type in nature. So, Class 12 Chemistry students must prepare themselves for such questions. First of all, you should study NCERT Textbooks line by line, and then you should practice as many questions as possible.

Chapter-wise Solved Case Study Questions for Class 12 Chemistry

Class 12 students should go through important Case Study problems for Chemistry before the exams. This will help them to understand the type of Case Study questions that can be asked in Grade 12 Chemistry examinations. Our expert faculty for standard 12 Chemistry have designed these questions based on the trend of questions that have been asked in last year’s exams. The solutions have been designed in a manner to help the grade 12 students understand the concepts and also easy-to-learn solutions.

Tips to Excel in CBSE Class 12 Chemistry Examinations

Excel in your Chemistry exams with these practical tips.

A. Regular Practice with Case Studies

Consistent practice with case study questions enhances your ability to tackle complex problems. Dedicate time to solving various case studies to build confidence.

B. Understanding Analytical Skills

Develop strong analytical skills to approach case studies logically. Break down complex problems into simpler components and analyze them step-by-step.

C. Time Management Strategies

Allocate sufficient time for each case study during the exam. Practice time management in mock tests to complete the paper within the stipulated time.

Best Books for Class 12 Chemistry

Strictly as per the new term-wise syllabus for Board Examinations to be held in the academic session 2024 for class 12 Multiple Choice Questions based on new typologies introduced by the board- Stand-Alone MCQs, MCQs based on Assertion-Reason Case-based MCQs. Include Questions from CBSE official Question Bank released in April 2024 Answer key with Explanations What are the updates in the book: Strictly as per the Term wise syllabus for Board Examinations to be held in the academic session 2024. Chapter-wise -Topic-wise Multiple choice questions based on the special scheme of assessment for Board Examination for Class 12th Chemistry.

Mastering CBSE Class 12 Chemistry case study questions is crucial for excelling in the exams. Embrace case studies as a valuable learning tool, and with practice, you’ll ace your Chemistry exams with confidence.

Benefits of Utilizing the CBSE Class 12 Chemistry Case Study PDF

• Enhanced Learning Experience : The case study PDF offers practical examples and scenarios, making the learning process engaging and relatable for students.
• Application of Theoretical Concepts : It enables students to apply theoretical knowledge to practical situations, honing their problem-solving and analytical skills.
• Real-World Relevance : By connecting classroom learning to real-life applications, students can grasp the practical significance of chemistry in various industries.
• Critical Thinking Development : Analyzing case studies encourages students to think critically and make informed decisions based on chemical principles.
• Exam Preparation : Exposure to case studies aids in better preparation for chemistry examinations by providing a comprehensive understanding of the subject.

The CBSE Class 12 Chemistry case study PDF brings a refreshing perspective to the world of education. By intertwining theoretical knowledge with practical applications, it equips students to face real-world challenges with confidence. The diverse case studies provide invaluable insights, encouraging students to explore chemistry beyond the classroom and make a positive impact on society.

What is the CBSE Class 12 Chemistry case study PDF?

The CBSE Class 12 Chemistry case study PDF is a curated document by CBSE, presenting real-life applications of chemistry concepts for students to understand the subject’s practical relevance.

How does the case study PDF benefit students?

The case study PDF enhances the learning experience, fosters critical thinking, promotes application-based learning, and prepares students for examinations.

Are the case studies diverse in content?

Yes, the case studies cover various branches of chemistry, including organic, inorganic, physical, environmental, and analytical chemistry.

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CBSE 12th Standard Maths Subject Linear Programming Case Study Questions 2021

By QB365 on 21 May, 2021

QB365 Provides the updated CASE Study Questions for Class 12 Maths, and also provide the detail solution for each and every case study questions . Case study questions are latest updated question pattern from NCERT, QB365 will helps to get  more marks in Exams

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Cbse 12th standard maths linear programming case study questions 2021.

12th Standard CBSE

Final Semester - June 2015

Case Study Questions

Linear programming is a method for finding the optimal values (maximum or minimum) of quantities subject to the constraints when relationship is expressed as linear equations or inequations. Based on the above information, answer the following questions. (i) The optimal value of the objective function is attained at the points

(ii) The graph of the inequality 3x + 4y < 12 is

(iv) The corner points of the feasible region determined by the system of linear constraints are (0, 10), (5, 5), (15, 15), (0, 20). Let Z = px + qy, where p, q > 0. Condition on p and q so that the maximum of Z occurs at both the points (15, 15) and (0, 20) is

(v)  The corner points of the feasible region determined by the system of linear constraints are (0, 0), (0, 40), (20,40), (60,20), (60, 0). The objective function is Z = 4x + 3y. Compare the quantity in Column A and Column B

(ii) The corner points of the feasible region shown in above graph are

(iii) If Z = x + y be the objective function and max Z = 30. The maximum value occurs at point

(iv) If Z = 6x - 9y be the objective function, then maximum value of Z is

(v) If Z = 6x + 3y be the objective function, then what is the minimum value of Z?

Corner points of the feasible region for an LPP are (0, 3), (5, 0), (6, 8), (0, 8). Let Z = 4x - 6y be the objective function. Based on the above information, answer the following questions. (i) The minimum value of Z occurs at

(ii) Maximum value of Z occurs at

(iii) Maximum of Z - Minimumof Z =

(v) The feasible solution of LPP belongs to

(ii) Let the constraints in the given problem is represented by the following inequalities x + y ≤ 20 360x + 240y ≤ 5760 x, y ≥ 0 Then which of the following point lie in its feasible region.

(iii) If the objective function of the given problem is maximise z = 22x + 18y, then its optimal value occur at

(iv) Suppose the following shaded region APDO, represent the feasible region corresponding to mathematical formulation. of given problem. Then which of the following represent the coordinates of one of its corner points.

Let R be the feasible region (convex polygon) for a linear programming problem and let Z = ax + by be the objective function. When Z has an optimal value (maximum or minimum), where the variables x and y are subject to, constraints described by linear inequalities, this optimal value must occur at a corner point (vertex) of the feasible region. Based on the above information, answer the following questions. (i) Objective function of a L.P.P. is

(ii) Which of the following statement is correct?

(iii) In solving the LPP : "minimize f = 6x + 10y subject to constraints x ≥  6, Y ≥ 2, 2x + y  ≥ 10,x  ≥ 0,y ≥ 0" redundant constraints are

*****************************************

Cbse 12th standard maths linear programming case study questions 2021 answer keys.

(iv) (d): Value of Z = px + qy at (15, 15) = 15p + 15q and that at (0, 20) = 20 q. According to given condition, we have 15p + 15q = 20q \(\Rightarrow\) 15p = 5q \(\Rightarrow\) q = 3p (v) (b): Construct the following table of values of the objective function:

(i) (b):  Let B(x, y) be the point of intersection of the given lines 2x + 5y = 100 ....(i) and  \(\frac{x}{25}+\frac{y}{40}=1 \Rightarrow 8 x+5 y=20\) ...(ii) Solving (i) and (ii), we get \(x=\frac{50}{3}, y=\frac{40}{3}\) ஃ The point of intersection \(B(x, y)=\left(\frac{50}{3}, \frac{40}{3}\right)\) (ii) (d): The corner points of the feasible region shown in the given graph are \((0,0), A(25,0), B\left(\frac{50}{3}, \frac{40}{3}\right), C(0,20)\) (iii) (a): Here Z = x + y

Thus, max Z = 30 occurs at point  \(\left(\frac{50}{3}, \frac{40}{3}\right)\) (iv) (b): 

Construct the following table of values of objective function

(i) (d): Minimum value of Z is -48 which occurs at (0,8). (ii) (a): Maximumvalue of Z is 20, which occurs at (5,0). (iii) (b): Maximum of Z - Minimum of Z = 20 - (-48) = 20 + 48 = 68 (iv) (c): The corner points of the feasible region are O(0,0), A(3, 0), B(3, 2), C(2, 3), D(0, 3). (v) (d)

(i) (c) (ii) (b): Since (8, 12) satisfy all the inequalities therefore (8, .1.2) is the point in its feasible region. (iii) (c) : At (0, 0), z = 0 At (16, 0), z = 352 At (8, 12), z = 392 At (0, 20), z = 360 It can be observed that max z occur at (8, 12). Thus, z will attain its optimal value at (8, 12). (iv) (c) : We have, x + y = 20 ... (i) and 3x + 2y = 48.. (ii) On solving (i) and (ii), we get X = 8, y = 12. Thus, the coordinates of P are (8,12) and hence (8, 12) is one of its corner points. (v) (b): The optimal solution occurs at every point on the line joining these two points.

(i) (b): Objective function is a linear function (involve variable) whose maximum or minimum value is to be found. (ii) (c): If optimal solution is obtained at two distinct points A and B (corners of the feasible region), then optimal solution is obtained at every point of segment [AB]. (iii) (b): When x ≥ 6 and y ≥ 2, then 2x + y ≥ 2 x 6 + 2, i.e., 2x + y ≥ 14 Hence, x ≥ 0, Y ≥ 0 and 2x + y ≥ 10 are automatically satisfied by every point of the region. \(\{(x, y): x \geq 6\} \cap\{(x, y): y \geq 2\}\) (iv) (b): Construct the following table of values of the objective function:

Minimum of Z = - 32 at (0, 8) (v) (a): Construct the following table of values of the objective function F

Hence, maximum of F = 0

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12th Standard CBSE Study Materials

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• CBSE Class 12

CBSE Board Class 12th

After the Class 10 board exam, the Class 12th board exam is the next milestone in the journey of education. Compared to the Class 10 board exams, the degree of complexity for Class 12 is higher. CBSE Class 12 results decide the career of the students and what they want to pursue in the future. Scoring a good percentile in the Class 12 Board exam will boost students’ confidence.

Note : As per the latest notification dated 6th April 2023 , there are a few changes in the CBSE Class 12 Examination and Assessment practices for the academic session 2023-24 to align assessment to Competency Focused Education. The changes are as mentioned below,

CBSE Class 12 Study Material for Board Exam

CBSE Class 12 Exams are near to its conduct. Students must have completed their term 1 syllabus and started with the revision. Here, we have provided the CBSE Study Plan for the Term 1 Exam to help students with CBSE Term 1 Board Exams preparation. They will find the study resource extremely beneficial as it contains everything from practice multiple choice questions, study notes, day-wise planners, and mock tests. Referring to this meticulously curated revision planner will boost students’ exam preparation. We have created a day-wise study plan for each subject. Students can easily access it by clicking on the link below. They can also download the study material in pdf for each subject.

• CBSE Class 12 Study Plan for Physics
• CBSE Class 12 Study Plan for Chemistry
• CBSE Class 12 Study Plan for Biology
• CBSE Class 12 Study Plan for Maths

CBSE Class 12 Study Plan for Physics Exam

Cbse class 12 study plan for chemistry exam, cbse class 12 study plan for biology exam, cbse class 12 study plan for maths exam, cbse class 12 subjects.

In CBSE Class 12, five subjects are compulsory. The subjects mentioned below are for the students who opted Science and Commerce stream. 

• Accountancy
• Business Studies

CBSE Syllabus for Class 12

CBSE Class 12 syllabus is not only important for students to pass the Board exam, but it is also necessary for competitive exams. The Class 12 syllabus is prepared by the CBSE board, so it is important for students to study according to the syllabus mentioned below.

• CBSE class 12 Syllabus All Subjects
• CBSE Class 12 Physics Syllabus
• CBSE Class 12 Chemistry Syllabus
• CBSE Class 12 Biology Syllabus
• CBSE Class 12 Maths Syllabus
• CBSE Class 12 Accountancy Syllabus
• CBSE Class 12 Business Studies Syllabus
• CBSE Class 12 Economics Syllabus

CBSE Study Materials for Class 12

CBSE study materials for Class 12 are being designed in such a way that it gives the complete idea of the CBSE Class 12 syllabus. The study materials mentioned below will help students to prepare for all the subjects equivalently. Notes

• CBSE class 12 Notes All Subjects
• CBSE Class 12 Physics Detailed Notes
• CBSE Class 12 Biology Detailed Notes
• CBSE Class 12 Chemistry Detailed Notes
• CBSE Class 12 Maths Detailed Notes

Revision Notes

• CBSE Class 12 Revision Notes
• CBSE Class 12 Physics Revision Notes
• CBSE Class 12 Biology Revision Notes
• CBSE Class 12 Chemistry Revision Notes
• CBSE Class 12 Maths Revision Notes
• CBSE Class 12 Business Studies Revision Notes
• CBSE Class 12 Economics Revision Notes

NCERT Notes

• NCERT Notes for Class 12 Chemistry
• NCERT Notes for Class 12 Mathematics
• NCERT Notes for Class 12 Biology
• NCERT Notes for Class 12 Physics

CBSE Class 12 Books

CBSE Class 12 books are very helpful in understanding all the complex topics as every topic is explained in a very easy language along with examples and diagrams. The chapters in the books have illustrative examples and practice problems for getting a hold of any kind of concept.

• CBSE Class 12 Physics Book
• CBSE Class 12 Chemistry Book
• CBSE Class 12 Biology Book
• CBSE Class 12 Maths Book

CBSE Class 12 Textbooks Solutions

CBSE Class 12 textbook solutions act as a vital tool for students in their exam preparation and home assignments. These solutions provide answers to all the problems, in-depth with concepts covered in the syllabus.

• NCERT Solutions for class 12
• NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Maths
• NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Physics
• NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Chemistry
• NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Biology
• NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Accountancy
• NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Business Studies
• NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Economics
• TS Grewal Class 12 Accountancy Solutions
• HC Verma Class 12 Physics Solutions
• RD Sharma Class 12 Solutions

CBSE Sample Papers for Class 12

CBSE sample papers for Class 12 are very useful for students preparing for the Board examination. Sample question papers help students to get a better understanding of the concepts by practising them on a regular basis. It also boosts students’ confidence.

• CBSE Class 12 Sample Paper for Physics
• CBSE Class 12 Sample Paper for Chemistry
• CBSE Class 12 Sample Paper for Biology
• CBSE Class 12 Sample Paper for Maths

Previous Year Question Papers for CBSE Class 12

Class 12 CBSE previous year question papers available on BYJU’S website are prepared as per the latest CBSE Class 12 syllabus and marking scheme. By solving these previous years’ question papers, students will get to know the exact idea about the final question paper.

• CBSE Previous Year Question Papers for Class 12 Maths
• CBSE Previous Year Question Papers for Class 12 Physics
• CBSE Previous Year Question Papers for Class 12 Chemistry
• CBSE Previous Year Question Papers for Class 12 Biology

CBSE Class 12 Marks-Wise Important Questions

The marks-wise important questions for Class 12 Science given here are from varied CBSE Class 12 chapters and might be included in the exam. There is a high chance that similar questions might be included in the exam.

• Important 2 Marks Questions for CBSE 12th Maths
• Important 4 Marks Questions for CBSE 12th Maths
• Important 6 Marks Questions for CBSE 12th Math
• Important 2 marks Question Physics Class 12th
• Important 3 marks Question Physics Class 12th
• Important 5 marks Question Physics Class 12th
• Important 2 Marks Questions for CBSE 12th Chemistry
• Important 3 Marks Questions for CBSE 12th Chemistry
• Important 5 Marks Questions for CBSE 12th Chemistry
• Important 2 Marks Questions For CBSE Class 12 Biology Exam
• Important 3 Marks Questions For CBSE Class 12 Biology Exam
• Important 5 Marks Questions For CBSE Class 12 Biology Exam

CBSE Class 12 Chapter-Wise Important Questions

CBSE Class 12 chapter-wise important questions help students by providing a strategy to prepare for board examinations. All the questions present in these materials are framed under the guidance of the NCERT textbook from every chapter.

• Chapter wise important Questions for CBSE Class 12 Maths
• Chapter wise important Questions for CBSE Class 12 Physics
• Chapter wise important Questions for CBSE Class 12 Chemistry
• Chapter wise important Questions for CBSE Class 12 Biology

CBSE Class 12 Videos

CBSE Class 12 videos make learning more easier and simpler. Learning through videos makes the concept flow into your mind and gets established there in a way that it becomes impossible for the student to forget it.

How to Study in CBSE Class 12 (Preparation Tips )

• Students should have a clear understanding of the topics and concepts included in the syllabus.
• Class 12 students should strictly follow the NCERT textbook syllabus to prepare for their Class 12 board exams.
• Students should pay attention to key features like diagrams, graphs, and numerical problems to score good marks in the final exam.
• Students should solve previous years’ question papers and sample papers on a regular basis. It will also boost the student’s confidence.
• Once a chapter is completed, it is better to revise that chapter first before moving on to the next chapter.

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Case Based (Factual) Unseen Passages: Practice English Grammar for School Classes

• Post last modified: 17 September 2022
• Post category: Grammar Exercises / School Grammar

What are Case Based (Factual Passages)? Simply put, factual passages are those passages, which let the readers imagine and feel the factual qualities of a topic as mentioned in the passage. The topic can be about a place, person, thing or event. A factual passage tells the reader about the consecutive things related to the topic in detail, occurring in an orderly manner.

Case Based (Factual) Passages

1. read the passage given below: [cbse set 2, 2021-22] .

• Milkha Singh, also known as The Flying Sikh, was an Indian track and field sprinter who was introduced to the sport while serving in the Indian Army. He is the only athlete to win gold in 400 metres at the Asian Games as well as the Commonwealth Games. He also won gold medals in the 1958 and 1962 Asian Games. He represented India in the 1956 Summer Olympics in Melbourne, the 1960 Summer Olympics in Rome and the 1964 Summer Olympics in Tokyo) He was awarded the Padma Shri, India’s fourth-highest civilian honour, in recognition of his sporting achievements 
• The race for which Singh is best remembered is his fourth-place finish in the 400 metres final at the 1960 Olympic Games. He led the race till the 200 m mark before easing off, allowing others to pass him. Singh’s fourth-place time of 45.73 seconds was the Indian national record for almost 40 years. 
• From beginnings that saw him orphaned and displaced during the partition of India, Singh became a sporting icon in the country. In 2008, journalist Rohit Baijnath described Singh as “the finest athlete India has ever produced”. 
• He was disappointed with his debut performance at the 1956 Melbourne Olympics. *1 returned to India, chastened by my poor performance in Melbourne. I had been so excited by the prospects of being part of the Indian Olympics team, but, hadn’t realized how strong and professional the competition would be. My success in India had filled me with a false sense of pride and it was only when I was on the track that I saw how inconsequential my talents were when pitted against superbly fit and seasoned athletes. It was then that I understood what competition actually meant, and that if I wanted to succeed on the international arena, I must be prepared to test my mettle against the best athletes in the world.” 
• Then he decided to make sprinting the sole focus of his life. “Running had thus become my God, my religion and my beloved”. My life during those two years was governed by strict rules and regulations and a self-imposed penance. Every morning I would rise at the crack of dawn, get into my sports kit and dash off to the track, where I would run two or three miles cross-country in the company of my coach.” 
• On how he pushed himself through the tough days of vigorous training. “I practiced so strenuously that often I was drained of all energy, and there were times when I would increase my speed to such an extent that after my rounds, I would vomit blood or drop-down down unconscious through sheer exercise. My doctors and coaches warned me, asked me to slow down to maintain my health and equilibrium but my determination was too strong to give up. My only focus was to become the best athlete in the world. But then images of    a    packed    stadium    filled    with    cheering    spectators, wildly applauding me as I crossed the finishing line, would flash across my mind and I would start again, encouraged by visions of victory.” 

Based on your reading answer any five questions from the six given below: 1×5=5  

(i) What is Milka Singh known as? What realization did Milkha Singh have when he was on the track during the Melbourne Olympics?  

(ii) List any two of Milkha Singh’s achievements.  

(iii)  What strict rules and regulations did Milkha Singh follow?  

(iv)  State two consequences of his hard and strenuous practice.  

(v)  What motivated Milkha Singh to become the best athlete in the world?  

(vi)  Explain the phrase ‘I would start again’ in the last sentence. 

1. Milkha Singh was known as ‘The Flying Sikh’. 

He realised how inconsequential his talents were when pitied against superbly fit seasoned athletes. He also realised that he needed to prepare well to test his mettle against the best athletes in the world. 

2. (i) The only athlete to win 400 meters at the Asian Games as well as Commonwealth Games. 

(ii) Won gold in 1958 and 1962 Asian Games. His national record stood unbroken for 40 years. 

(iii) He was awarded Padam Shiri for his sporting achievements. 

3. Every morning he would rise at the crack of the dawn, get into his sports kit and dash off to the track, where he would run two or three miles cross-country with his coach. 

4. ( i) He was drained of all energy. 

(ii) He would vomit blood or drop-down unconscious through sheer exercise. 

5. He was motivated by his vision of victory at a packed stadium with spectators cheering and applauding him as he crossed the finishing line. 

6. ‘I would start again’ means here that he was encouraged to shun any complacency and start again with the double energy and determination to become the best athlete. 

Q. Read the following excerpt from a Case Study. J.K. Rowling – A Journey. [CBSE SET 2, 2022] 

The story of Joanne Kathleen Rowling’s near magical rise to fame is almost as well known as the characters she creates. 

Rowling was constantly writing and telling stories to her younger sister Dianne. “The first story I ever wrote down was about a rabbit called Rabbit.” Rowling said in an interview. “He got the measles and was visited by his friends including a giant bee called Miss Bee. And ever since Rabbit and Miss Bee, I have always wanted to be a writer, though I rarely told anyone so. 

However, my parents, both of whom come from impoverished backgrounds and neither of whom had been to college, took the view that my overactive imagination was an amusing personal quirk that would never pay a mortgage or secure a pension. 

A writer from the age of six, with two unpublished novels in the * drawer, she was stuck on a train when Harry walked into her mind fully formed. She spent the next five years constructing the plots of seven books, one for every year of his secondary school life. 

Rowling says she started writing the first book, Harry’ Potter and the Sorcerer’s Stone, in Portugal, where she was teaching English. 

At first nobody wanted to publish Harry Potter.  She was told that plot was too complex. Refusing to compromise, she found a publisher. 

n 1997 Rowling received her first royalty cheque. By book three, she had sky rocketed to the top of the publishing world. A row of zeroes appeared on the author’s bank balance and her life was turned upside down. Day and night she had journalists knocking on the unanswered door of her flat. 

Rowling’s quality control has become legendary, as her obsession with accuracy. She’s thrilled with Stephen Fry’s taped version of the books and outraged that an Italian dust jacket showed Harry minus his glasses. “Don’t they understand that the glasses are the clue to his vulnerability.” 

Annual earnings of J.K. Rowling from 2010 to 2019 

On the basis of your understanding of the passage answer any five of the six questions given below. 1×5=5 

(i) Explain J.K. Rowling’s ‘near magical rise to fame’. 

(ii) What reason did the publishers give for rejecting Rowling’s book?  

(iii) What was the drawback of achieving fame? 

(iv) Why was Rowling outraged with the Italian dust jacket? 

(v)  Find a word in the last para that means the same as ‘insecure/helpless. 

(vi) According to the graph, how many years did it take Rowling to become very successful?

(i) Jk Rowling’s near magical rise to fame is well known as the character she creates I.e. her popular characters led her to magical fame. She was on top of the world of publishing house after the book three was published and her bank balance increased tremendously.  

(ii) She was told that her plot of Harry Potter was too complex. 

(iii) The draw back was that she was approached day and night by journalists knocking at the door of her flat. It was becoming a nuisance and she did not respond all of them. 

(iv) She was obsessed with quality and accuracy and therefore was outraged at an Italian just Jacket for showing Harry without glasses. 

(v) vulnerability 

(v) It took around 6 years for Rowlings to become very successful.

Q. Read the passage and answer the questions that follow:

India Covid-19 numbers explained

1. With novel Coronavirus spreading rapidly all over the country, there are only three states right now, Meghalaya, Sikkim and Andaman and Nicobar Islands, that have less than 1,000 people infected with the disease.

2. Lakshadweep, of course, still hasn’t reported even a single case till now, the only region in India entirely free of the epidemic.

3. Otherwise, even the relatively smaller states now have significantly large spread of the disease. Goa, for example, has seen more than 7,000 of its people infected by the virus till now. Tripura has over 5,500 cases, while Manipur has more than 3,000, and Nagaland a little less than 2,500. Puducherry has more than 4,000 cases, while even Daman and Diu has over 1,300 people infected.

4. And in each of these states, the numbers are rising at a fast pace, at a rate higher than the national level. The infections had initially reached these states in the first and second week of May, when the lockdown was relaxed for the first time to enable people stuck in different parts of the country to return to their native places.

5. After a period of very slow growth, the number of cases have begun to rise rapidly in the last one month. In Goa, for example, the total number of infected people has nearly doubled in the last 15 days. Same has happened in Puducherry, as well.

6. Tuesday was one of those rare occasions when the number of active cases in the country, those who are yet to recover from the disease, went down compared to the previous day. That is because the number of recoveries, combined with the number of deaths, exceeded the new cases that were detected on Tuesday.

7. With over 52,500 new cases detected in the country, the total number of infections crossed 19 lakh, out of `which 12.82 lakh people have recovered from the disease. The number of dead is now close to 40,000.

8. The number of recoveries on Tuesday was the highest-ever for a single day. More than 51,700 people were declared to have been recovered. Three days earlier, the number of recoveries had crossed 50,000 for the first time, but in the next two days the number had fallen to much lower levels.

Choose the correct option to answer the questions based on the above passage and graphics. Do any ten.

(a) How are these three states – Meghalaya, Sikkim and Andaman and Nicobar Islands – different from the rest of India? (i) they are the only states to have less than 1,000 people infected with novel coronavirus (ii) they are three of the five states to have less than 1,000 people infected with novel coronavirus (iii) they are the only states to have less than 2,000 people infected with novel coronavirus (iv) none of these

(b) __________ is the only region in India which is entirely free of the epidemic. (i) Andaman and Nicobar Islands (ii) Maharashtra (iii) Lakshadweep (iv) Tripura

(c) What is common among Goa, Tripura, Manipur, Nagaland, Puducherry and Daman and Diu? (i) the numbers are rising at a fast pace at rates lower than the national level (ii) the numbers are falling at a fast pace at rates equal than the national level (iii) the numbers are rising at a fast pace at rates higher than the national level (iv) none of these

(d) Based on your understanding of the passage, choose the option that lists the inherent qualities of climate in the present times. (i) 1 and 4 (ii) 2 and 6 (iii) 1 and 3 (iv) 3 and 5

(e) Which date in the graph shows the highest jump of detected cases in a day? (i) July 30 (ii) July 31 (iii) August 1 (iv) August 2

(f) Of the 19 lakh infected cases, how many have recovered? (i) 11.82 lakh (ii) 13.82 lakh (iii) 12.81 lakh (iv) 12.82 lakh

(g) More than 51,700 people were declared to have been recovered on _______. (i) Wednesday (ii) Sunday (iii) Tuesday (iv) Monday

(h) When had the number of recoveries crossed 50,000 for the first time? (i) two days earlier (ii) Tuesday (iii) three days earlier than Tuesday (iv) none of these

(i) Which word in the passage means the same as “quickly”? (i) rapidly (ii) significantly (iii) native (iv) rare

(j) Which word in the passage is opposite in meaning to “indigenous”? (i) rapidly (ii) significantly (iii) native (iv) rare

Answers: (a) (i) they are the only states to have less than 1,000 people infected with novel coronavirus (b) (iii) Lakshadweep (c) (iii) the numbers are rising at a fast pace at rates higher than the national level (d) (iii) 1 and 3 (e) (ii) July 31 (f) (iv) 12.82 lakh (g) (iii) Tuesday (h) (iii) three days earlier than Tuesday (i) (i) rapidly (j) (iii) native

Australia’s 2019-2020 Bushfire Season was not Normal

• Data from satellite sources assembled by the United Nations Environment Programme’s (UNEP) World Environment Situation Room confirms that the wildfires in Australia in the last two months of 2019 and the first six weeks of 2020 were far from normal. 2019 was the second hottest year on record since 1880, and Australia recorded its warmest temperatures ever in December 2019.
• “Rising temperatures continue to melt records. The past decade was the hottest on record. Scientists tell us that ocean temperatures are now rising at the equivalent of five Hiroshima bombs a second. One million species are in near-term danger of extinction. Our planet is burning,” says United Nations Secretary-General António Guterres.
• “The trend is very clear: 37 of the last 40 years were the warmest recorded since 1880, and the six warmest years recorded were the last six years,” says Pascal Peduzzi, Director of UNEP’s Global Resource Information Database in Geneva. “For those who think Australia is always burning, graphs clearly show that these fires were exceptional.”
• “This service, accessible via the UNEP’s World Environment Situation Room, is provided for all countries at national and provincial levels. It identifies trends in wildfire activity since 2003, when the data first became available and monitoring began. We have sliced and diced the satellite-based data on wildfires worldwide from 2009 to the present day. We analyse the wildfires’ data by month, type of land cover, protected area, province and nation to produce information products,” Peduzzi adds. (Source: UN Environment)

(a) What do the reports confirm about the 2019-20 Australian fires? (i) the fires were not normal (ii) the fires were normal (iii) the fires were natural (iv) data inconclusive

(b) What was the difference in the recorded temperatures in 2019 from the 1880s? (i) 2019 recorded the wettest temperatures since 1880s (ii) 2019 recorded the hottest temperatures ever (iii) 2019 recorded the cooler temperatures than 1880s (iv) 2019 recorded the warmest temperatures since 1880s

(c) What comparison has been made between the rising sea temperatures and Hiroshima? (i) ocean temperatures are rising at the equivalent of three Hiroshima bombs a second (ii) ocean temperatures are rising at the equivalent of five Hiroshima bombs a second (iii) ocean temperatures are rising at the equivalent of five Hiroshima bombs an hour (iv) none of these

(d) Choose the option that lists the CORRECT answers for the following:

“Rising temperatures continue to melt records. The past decade was the hottest on record. Scientists tell us that ocean temperatures are now rising at the equivalent of five Hiroshima bombs a second”. Whose statement is this?

“The trend is very clear: 37 of the last 40 years were the warmest recorded since 1880, and the six warmest years recorded were the last six years.” Whose statement is this?

(i) (1) is from United Nations Secretary and (2) is from the UN President (ii) (1) is from the UN President and (2) is from the UN General Secretary (iii) (1) is from United Nations Secretary and (2) is from the Director of UNEP (iv) (1) is from the UN General Secretary and (2) is from the UN President

(e) Based on your understanding of the passage, choose the option that lists the inherent qualities of climate in the present times. (i) 1 and 3 (ii) 2 and 6 (iii) 3 and 4 (iv) 5 and 6

(f) Which of the following independent data source is NOT PRESENT in the given graph? (i) NASA (ii) NOAA (iii) ISRO (iv) JMA

(g) Choose the option that lists the CORRECT statement. (i) Pascal Peduzzi is the Director of UNEP’s Global Renaissance Information Database (ii) Pascal Peduzzi is the Director of UNO’s Global Resource Information Database (iii) Pascal Peduzzi is the Manager of UNEP’s Global Resource Information Database (iv) Pascal Peduzzi is the Director of UNEP’s Global Resource Information Database

(h) How can you say that the UN is concerned about the rising numbers of coal plants? (i) UNDP Secretary General António Guterres is calling for curbs on new plants (ii) UN Secretary General António Guterres is calling for curbs on new plants (iii) UN Executive Secretary António Guterres is calling for curbs on new plants (iv) UN Secretary General Antony Guterres is calling for curbs on new plants

(i) UNEP’s World Environment Situation Room has been tracking the world temperatures since. (i) 2003 (ii) 2013 (iii) 2000 (iv) 2001

(j) The graph compiled with data from four different sources shows that the global surface temperatures have been _ . (i) steady (ii) falling (iii) on the rise (iv) none of these

(k) Which word in the passage means the same as “collect”? (i) assembled (ii) extinction (iii) exceptional (iv) provincial

(l) Which word in the passage is opposite to the meaning of ‘vague/murky’? (i) assembled (ii) clear (iii) extinction (iv) provincial

(a) (i) the fires were not normal (b) (iv) 2019 recorded the warmest temperatures since 1880s (c) (ii) ocean temperatures are rising at the equivalent of five Hiroshima bombs a second (d) (iii) (1) is from United Nations Secretary and (2) is from the Director of UNEP (e) (i) 1 and 3 (f) (iii) ISRO (g) (iv) Pascal Peduzzi is the Director of UNEP’s Global Resource Information Database (h) (ii) UN secretary general António Guterres is calling for curbs on new plants (i) (i) 2003 (j) (iii) on the rise (k) (i) assembled (l) (ii) clear

Q. Read the passage given below and answer the questions that follow: [CBSE, 2019]

Hyderabad — The City of Nizams GOLCONDA

1. In the 16th century, when Golconda was the capital of Qutb Shahi Kingdom, it is believed that a shepherd boy came across an idol on the hill. It was then that the Kakatiya dynasty’s ruler built the fort, which is 120 m high. After it was captured by Aurangzeb, the Mughal emperor, the fort fell into ruins.

2. The beautiful ruins of the fort have a story to tell. They make you wonder how the fort may have looked in its days of glory and grandeur. The fort also organises a sound and light show every day and the history of this fort is narrated in such an interesting manner that even a child can understand and enjoy it. The climb to the fort is a difficult one and unless you are physically fit, you should avoid the climb and relax in the gardens below. The view from the top is breath-taking.

3. The next place is Charminar. The literal meaning of the monument is ‘four minarets’. There is a mosque on the second floor. It is said that when the state was hit by severe plague, Sultan Muhammad Quli Qutb Shah, the fifth ruler of the Qutb Shahi dynasty, prayed to end the plague and promised to build a mosque in the very place where he was praying. Thus, Charminar came into being!

4. The walk from the bottom to the top of the monument is a little frightening, owing to the narrowness of the pathway and the steepness of the steps. Once you reach the top, the view of the crowds moving below will surely lift your spirits.

5. Make sure you visit the nearby Laad Bazaar, where there are rows of shops selling the famous Hyderabadi glass bangles and lac bangles.

SALAR JUNG MUSEUM

6. The Salar Jung Museum is the third largest museum in the country and boasts of owning the biggest one-man collection of antiques in the world. A visit to the Salar Jung Museum is a must even if you are not a fan of antique stuff. You can view the Nizam’s collection of textiles, arms, metalware, ivory carvings, Indian bronzes and carpets.

7. The main attraction is definitely the Musical Clock, made by Cook and Kelvy of England. Inside the clock is a timekeeper. Every hour, he comes out and beats a gong as many times as the time indicates. Another attraction of the museum is the Veiled Rebecca, an amazing sculpture made by the Italian sculptor, Giovanni Maria Benzoni.

On the basis of your understanding of the above passage, answer any ten of the following questions: (any eight) (a) What led to the construction of the Golconda Fort? (b) What led to the destruction of the Golconda Fort? (c) How is the interest in the Fort kept alive? (d) What does the word ‘breath-taking’ in para 2 mean? (e) Why did Quli Qutb Shah build a mosque? (f) How does one feel after reaching the top of Charminar? (g) What is unique about the Salar Jung Museum? (h) What else can one find in this museum apart from antiques? (i) Name the two attractions of the Salar Jung Museum.

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CBSE Class 12 Accountancy Paper Analysis 2024: Exam Review, Student Feedback and Expert View

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CBSE Class 12 Accountancy Exam Paper Analysis 2024: Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE) Class 12 Accountancy Board Exam 2024 is being conducted today on, March 23, 2024, across multiple centres all around the country. All the students who appeared for the exam can check the CBSE Class 12 Accountancy Exam Analysis 2024. As a part of the analysis, students can get to know about the overall difficulty level of the question paper, section-wise challenges faced by students, types of questions asked in the paper, and a lot more. Also, check the students reaction and experts opinion on today’s CBSE Class 12 Accountancy Question Paper 2024. We would like to inform you that the exam analysis provided here is based on the experiences and feedback of a handful of students only. Since every student performs differently in exams, some of you might have a different opinion than the analysis provided here. 

CBSE Class 12 Accountancy Exam 2024 Key Highlights

Check some important information related to the CBSE Class 12 Accountancy Board Exam 2024 in the table below. 

CBSE Class 12 Accountancy Paper Review 2024

Check the CBSE Class 12 Accountancy Exam Review 2024 here and get to know about the difficulty level of the question paper, challenges posed by the board upon students in the paper, types of questions asked, proportion of various chapters in the paper, and a lot more. Also, check students and experts opinion on today’s CBSE 12th Accounts Board Exam 2024 here. 

• The question paper would fall under moderate to difficult category, tilting more towards the difficult end
• A variety of questions were a part of the paper such as MCQs, assertion-reasoning, short answer type, long answer type
• The question paper was in alignment to the sample paper released by the board
• Competency-based question such as Assertion Reasoning, case studies, and more were a part of the paper
• Paper focused on assessing the subject-related knowledge in students
• MCQs  and assertion reasoning questions were moderately challenging
• Short form questions and long form questions were average too. There was a mixture of easy and thoughtful questions
• Students felt that Part II was easier in comparison to the first part. 
• The choice between Analysis of Financial Statements and Computerised Accounting made the second part easier and convenient for them to solve

CBSE Class 12 Accountancy Paper Review 2024: Students’ Reactions

Know what students think about today’s CBSE Class 12 Accountancy Board Paper 2024 in detail. Check the challenges, section-wise division, and a lot more. 

• Challenging Areas in Accountancy Questions: Assertion-Reasoning, Descriptive Type Answers, MCQs, Numericals, the paper was in all challenging and easy at the same time
• Type of Questions asked in Today’s Accountancy Exam: MCQs, Assertion-Reasoning, Case Study, Short Answer Type Questions, Long Answer Type Questions
• Section-wise Class 12 Accountancy Exam Review: Part A was a bit more difficult in comparison to the second part

CBSE Class 12 Accountancy Paper Analysis 2024 - Experts' Review

Know what experts think about the CBSE Class 12 Accountancy Paper 2024 in detail here. Check their opinion on the difficulty level of the paper, challenges, and more. 

• Experts felt that the question paper was challenging enough for students
• There were easy and definition based questions in between which made the paper easy at times
• MCQs were a mixture of easy and tricky questions
• The paper was very similar to the sample paper released by the board in terms of format as well as types of questions asked
• The paper focused on assessing student’s time-management capabilities, retaining power, understanding of the subject, and presence of mind

CBSE Class 12 Accountancy Question Paper 2024

Check multiple sets of CBSE Class 12 Accountancy Question Paper 2024 in the link attached above. Here, you will get plenty sets of question papers created by the board.  

CBSE Class 12 Accountancy Answer Key 2024

All the students who are interested in checking the answers to their questions can find the CBSE Class 12 Accountancy Answer Key 2024 here. Students should check the question paper codes and set number listed in the article, before checking the answers of their question paper. 

Also Check: 

CBSE Class 12 Syllabus 2023-2024 (All Subjects)

CBSE Class 12 Sample Paper 2023-2024 (All Subjects)

CBSE Class 12 Practice Papers 2023-2024

NCERT Solutions for Class 12 (All Subjects and Chapters)

Important Questions for Class 12 Board Exam 2024 (All Subjects)

CBSE Class 12 Study Material 2024

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CBSE Class 12 Business Studies Paper Analysis 2024: Exam Review, Student Feedback and Expert View

Cbse class 12 business studies paper analysis 2024: here, students can find the cbse class 12 business studies paper analysis along with students’ feedback and question paper difficulty check..

CBSE Class 12 Business Studies Exam Paper Analysis 2024: CBSE Class 12 Business Studies Board Exam 2024 is scheduled for today, March 27, 2024 from 10:30 AM to 1:30 PM. All the students who appeared for today’s CBSE board exam might be wanting to know about the performance of the entire batch and the difficulty level of the question paper. Here, we have brought to you exactly the same. Check the CBSE Class 12 Business Studies Exam Analysis 2024 where you will get to know about the overall difficulty level of the question paper, the types of questions asked in today’s paper, the weightage of application-based questions, section-wise challenges posed by questions upon students, and a lot more. The complete analysis of the paper has been provided here for a better understanding of the question paper set by the CBSE. 

We would like to inform you that the CBSE Class 12 Business Studies Exam review 2024 presented here is based on the feedback and experiences of a handful of students. We understand that every student performs differently in exams and hence a general opinion has been brought to you here. 

CBSE Class 12 Business Studies Exam 2024 Key Highlights

Check some important information related to the CBSE Class 12 Business Studies Board Exam 2024 in the table below. 

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CBSE Class 12 Business Studies Paper Review 2024

Check the CBSE Class 12 Business Studies Exam Review 2024 presented below. Get to know about the overall difficulty level of the question paper, length of the paper, question paper pattern followed types of questions asked, and a lot more. Also, check students reaction to today’s CBSE 12th Business Studies Paper 2024 along with experts’ opinion on the same.  

• The question paper was moderate. It would fall under easy to moderate category.
• The question paper did not pose many challenges to students
• Most of the questions had a practical approach, thus indulging students in retaining what they have learned, applying multiple concepts, and putting their theoretical knowledge into practise
• The question paper was not too lengthy. 3 hours were sufficient to solve the entire paper.
• Application-based questions were a part of the paper. Infactm the entire paper was designed in a manner such that it appears as a competency-based questions with the usage of theoretical concepts
• MCQs were a mix of easy and tricky ones whereas short answer type questions were average. The descriptive type questions were moderately hard. 
• There was no out-of-syllabus question. The deleted syllabus 2024 had also been kept in mind while forming the paper
• Almost all the sets of question paper were similar to each other with a shuffle between the numbers among sets.

CBSE Class 12 Business Studies Paper Review 2024: Students’ Reactions

Get to know what students think about the CBSE Class 12 Business Studies Paper 2024 here. 

• Challenging Areas in Business Studies Questions: MCQs, short answer type questions were moderately challenging
• Type of Questions asked in Today’s Business Studies Exam: MCQs, Assertion-Reasoning, Case Study, Short Answer Type Questions, Long Answer Type Questions
• Section-wise Class 12 Business Studies Exam Review: Section A was moderately challenging, B was average, C was average, D was comparatively easier than rest of the paper

CBSE Class 12 Business Studies Paper Analysis 2024 - Experts' Review

Know what experts think about the CBSE Class 12 Business Studies Paper 2024 in detail here. 

• Experts have said that the question paper was neither too difficult nor too easy.
• The best part of the paper was the nature of questions grouped with real-life applications to give it a realistic approach
• The question paper format was completely in sync with the sample paper released by the board. 
• The question paper was not too lengthy either
• A mix of easy and tricky questions were present in all types of questions

CBSE Class 12 Business Studies Question Paper 2024

Check multiple sets of CBSE Class 12 Business Studies Question Paper 2024 in the link attached above. Keep tuning in for all the updates related to the CBSE 12th Business Studies Paper 2024.

CBSE Class 12 Business Studies Answer Key 2024

Check the CSBE Class 12 Business Studies answer key 2024 here and check if you have marked the correct answers or not. Also, stay tuned for updates on set-wise answer key. 

Also Check: 

CBSE Class 12 Syllabus 2023-2024 (All Subjects)

CBSE Class 12 Sample Paper 2023-2024 (All Subjects)

CBSE Class 12 Practice Papers 2023-2024

NCERT Solutions for Class 12 (All Subjects and Chapters)

Important Questions for Class 12 Board Exam 2024 (All Subjects)

CBSE Class 12 Study Material 2024

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The Effects of Climate Change

The effects of human-caused global warming are happening now, are irreversible for people alive today, and will worsen as long as humans add greenhouse gases to the atmosphere.

• We already see effects scientists predicted, such as the loss of sea ice, melting glaciers and ice sheets, sea level rise, and more intense heat waves.
• Scientists predict global temperature increases from human-made greenhouse gases will continue. Severe weather damage will also increase and intensify.

Earth Will Continue to Warm and the Effects Will Be Profound

Global climate change is not a future problem. Changes to Earth’s climate driven by increased human emissions of heat-trapping greenhouse gases are already having widespread effects on the environment: glaciers and ice sheets are shrinking, river and lake ice is breaking up earlier, plant and animal geographic ranges are shifting, and plants and trees are blooming sooner.

Effects that scientists had long predicted would result from global climate change are now occurring, such as sea ice loss, accelerated sea level rise, and longer, more intense heat waves.

The magnitude and rate of climate change and associated risks depend strongly on near-term mitigation and adaptation actions, and projected adverse impacts and related losses and damages escalate with every increment of global warming.

Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change

Some changes (such as droughts, wildfires, and extreme rainfall) are happening faster than scientists previously assessed. In fact, according to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) — the United Nations body established to assess the science related to climate change — modern humans have never before seen the observed changes in our global climate, and some of these changes are irreversible over the next hundreds to thousands of years.

Scientists have high confidence that global temperatures will continue to rise for many decades, mainly due to greenhouse gases produced by human activities.

The IPCC’s Sixth Assessment report, published in 2021, found that human emissions of heat-trapping gases have already warmed the climate by nearly 2 degrees Fahrenheit (1.1 degrees Celsius) since 1850-1900. 1 The global average temperature is expected to reach or exceed 1.5 degrees C (about 3 degrees F) within the next few decades. These changes will affect all regions of Earth.

The severity of effects caused by climate change will depend on the path of future human activities. More greenhouse gas emissions will lead to more climate extremes and widespread damaging effects across our planet. However, those future effects depend on the total amount of carbon dioxide we emit. So, if we can reduce emissions, we may avoid some of the worst effects.

The scientific evidence is unequivocal: climate change is a threat to human wellbeing and the health of the planet. Any further delay in concerted global action will miss the brief, rapidly closing window to secure a liveable future.

Here are some of the expected effects of global climate change on the United States, according to the Third and Fourth National Climate Assessment Reports:

Future effects of global climate change in the United States:

U.S. Sea Level Likely to Rise 1 to 6.6 Feet by 2100

Global sea level has risen about 8 inches (0.2 meters) since reliable record-keeping began in 1880. By 2100, scientists project that it will rise at least another foot (0.3 meters), but possibly as high as 6.6 feet (2 meters) in a high-emissions scenario. Sea level is rising because of added water from melting land ice and the expansion of seawater as it warms. Image credit: Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0

Climate Changes Will Continue Through This Century and Beyond

Global climate is projected to continue warming over this century and beyond. Image credit: Khagani Hasanov, Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0

Hurricanes Will Become Stronger and More Intense

Scientists project that hurricane-associated storm intensity and rainfall rates will increase as the climate continues to warm. Image credit: NASA

More Droughts and Heat Waves

Droughts in the Southwest and heat waves (periods of abnormally hot weather lasting days to weeks) are projected to become more intense, and cold waves less intense and less frequent. Image credit: NOAA

Longer Wildfire Season

Warming temperatures have extended and intensified wildfire season in the West, where long-term drought in the region has heightened the risk of fires. Scientists estimate that human-caused climate change has already doubled the area of forest burned in recent decades. By around 2050, the amount of land consumed by wildfires in Western states is projected to further increase by two to six times. Even in traditionally rainy regions like the Southeast, wildfires are projected to increase by about 30%.

Changes in Precipitation Patterns

Climate change is having an uneven effect on precipitation (rain and snow) in the United States, with some locations experiencing increased precipitation and flooding, while others suffer from drought. On average, more winter and spring precipitation is projected for the northern United States, and less for the Southwest, over this century. Image credit: Marvin Nauman/FEMA

Frost-Free Season (and Growing Season) will Lengthen

The length of the frost-free season, and the corresponding growing season, has been increasing since the 1980s, with the largest increases occurring in the western United States. Across the United States, the growing season is projected to continue to lengthen, which will affect ecosystems and agriculture.

Global Temperatures Will Continue to Rise

Summer of 2023 was Earth's hottest summer on record, 0.41 degrees Fahrenheit (F) (0.23 degrees Celsius (C)) warmer than any other summer in NASA’s record and 2.1 degrees F (1.2 C) warmer than the average summer between 1951 and 1980. Image credit: NASA

Arctic Is Very Likely to Become Ice-Free

Sea ice cover in the Arctic Ocean is expected to continue decreasing, and the Arctic Ocean will very likely become essentially ice-free in late summer if current projections hold. This change is expected to occur before mid-century.

U.S. Regional Effects

Climate change is bringing different types of challenges to each region of the country. Some of the current and future impacts are summarized below. These findings are from the Third 3 and Fourth 4 National Climate Assessment Reports, released by the U.S. Global Change Research Program .

• Northeast. Heat waves, heavy downpours, and sea level rise pose increasing challenges to many aspects of life in the Northeast. Infrastructure, agriculture, fisheries, and ecosystems will be increasingly compromised. Farmers can explore new crop options, but these adaptations are not cost- or risk-free. Moreover, adaptive capacity , which varies throughout the region, could be overwhelmed by a changing climate. Many states and cities are beginning to incorporate climate change into their planning.
• Northwest. Changes in the timing of peak flows in rivers and streams are reducing water supplies and worsening competing demands for water. Sea level rise, erosion, flooding, risks to infrastructure, and increasing ocean acidity pose major threats. Increasing wildfire incidence and severity, heat waves, insect outbreaks, and tree diseases are causing widespread forest die-off.
• Southeast. Sea level rise poses widespread and continuing threats to the region’s economy and environment. Extreme heat will affect health, energy, agriculture, and more. Decreased water availability will have economic and environmental impacts.
• Midwest. Extreme heat, heavy downpours, and flooding will affect infrastructure, health, agriculture, forestry, transportation, air and water quality, and more. Climate change will also worsen a range of risks to the Great Lakes.
• Southwest. Climate change has caused increased heat, drought, and insect outbreaks. In turn, these changes have made wildfires more numerous and severe. The warming climate has also caused a decline in water supplies, reduced agricultural yields, and triggered heat-related health impacts in cities. In coastal areas, flooding and erosion are additional concerns.

1. IPCC 2021, Climate Change 2021: The Physical Science Basis , the Working Group I contribution to the Sixth Assessment Report, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK.

2. IPCC, 2013: Summary for Policymakers. In: Climate Change 2013: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [Stocker, T.F., D. Qin, G.-K. Plattner, M. Tignor, S.K. Allen, J. Boschung, A. Nauels, Y. Xia, V. Bex and P.M. Midgley (eds.)]. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA.

3. USGCRP 2014, Third Climate Assessment .

4. USGCRP 2017, Fourth Climate Assessment .

Related Resources

A Degree of Difference

So, the Earth's average temperature has increased about 2 degrees Fahrenheit during the 20th century. What's the big deal?

What’s the difference between climate change and global warming?

“Global warming” refers to the long-term warming of the planet. “Climate change” encompasses global warming, but refers to the broader range of changes that are happening to our planet, including rising sea levels; shrinking mountain glaciers; accelerating ice melt in Greenland, Antarctica and the Arctic; and shifts in flower/plant blooming times.

Is it too late to prevent climate change?

Humans have caused major climate changes to happen already, and we have set in motion more changes still. However, if we stopped emitting greenhouse gases today, the rise in global temperatures would begin to flatten within a few years. Temperatures would then plateau but remain well-elevated for many, many centuries.

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