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Research paper faq, who provides the research paper writing service, how do i choose my research paper writer, will my research paper writing be plagiarism free, custom research paper writing service.

Are you trying to find a dependable writing service for college papers? Do you find it stressful to complete your college assignments? Or do you need more time or knowledge to finish all your college's written assignments? There are a lot of academic requirements and considerations. Maintaining a healthy balance between your personal life, family life, and education seems unattainable. Don't worry! There is a simple and reliable answer to this problem in the form of a research paper writing service. It is a fantastic chance to acquire expert assistance with your homework. Many college students have already taken advantage of our services, so try it too! Our term paper writing service proposes 500+ professional writers , Timely Delivery , and Full Confidentiality .

Most students who write research papers are unaware of how easy it might be to complete. All it takes is to order from our college service.

The best college research paper writing service You need

You have narrowed your choices to a few professional research paper writing services but are wondering what to expect. Here are a few benefits you should look for:

• Time-saving . When you buy a paper, this is one of the most important things to consider. Be sure to determine their ability to meet or exceed deadlines and even write your paper in 3 hours if needed.
• Positive marks and feedback. Are you concerned about the grade you will receive? When you order a paper from us, forget about worries. You will receive high marks with our professional paper online service.
• Plagiarism free.  Of course, there is some risk of plagiarism when college students use term paper writing services. However, using a reputable site will eliminate this risk. Our custom research paper writing service hires only top Ph.D. experts who draft unique work. 

There is more to consider when one is thinking to themselves, " Write my research paper ." Each service offers you different benefits, but with our service, you get all of the benefits.

Benefits of research paper writing service from PapersOwl

If you want help from the best research paper writing services available, choose PapersOwl. We are a reliable and proven service with years of experience in the industry. You will get the following:

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PapersOwl Paper Writing Service Main Advantages

These tips will come in handy for any user. If you buy research paper online from our site, you will get a wide range of advantages. 

Many services offer good academic writers, but PapersOwl hires only the best! Students can leave honest comments about their writers.

Why Choose Our Research Paper Writers?

Our experts are undoubtedly the best you could ever find. Top academic writers working with us have been involved with custom research paper writing for high school, college, and university students for years. We also have certified professional college paper writers who can take on any kind of task you need to get done.

Each research paper writing professional knows the importance of essays and papers you must submit, ensuring that every task they take in is of the highest priority. We care about the customers' requirements and specifications and ensure that the online paper writing they do for your research project is the best possible version of itself.

Options for Hiring an Academic Paper Writer

You need access to several options to find a suitable paper writer online who can help you do your work. Luckily, we provide options that let you browse through all available experts and select the one you think is best for your custom research paper writing.

You have some choices when hiring one of our professional college paper writers, and you can filter them out. For example, you can select a writer from the top 10% of professional writers working with us. We ensure that your chosen writer is genuinely one of the best.

Professional Research Paper Writers You can trust

Why are our research paper helpers better than others? If a site wishes to be attractive to users, they need to be competent and knowledgeable on the topics and subjects you bring to them. We only use top-level academic writers with years of experience.

Custom research writing requires the writer to be a native speaker. To provide the best service, they must be proficient in your language and ensure the best work with no mistakes.

Our team includes only professional writers with an excellent level of expertise. They successfully graduated from the universities with Master's or Ph.D. degrees. That's why their research paper writing skills are of top-notch quality, and they are ready to complete an assignment of any difficulty in time. They do only well-grounded studies and refer to the most relevant and recent science sources.

Our professional research paper writers strictly follow the specific demands of each client, and when you ask: "Write my paper," you get it 100% plagiarism-free. And the amazing thing is that you choose your writer yourself! This way, you are always in control of the writing process and you can communicate directly with the person who works on your paper.

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We work with a great variety of subjects, such as:

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This list is just a small part of our subjects. Another benefit is that we work with any academic citation style and will help you format the research paper.

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" The experience was top notch! I provided a rubric and the writer provided a quality research paper. It was a stress-free easy experience. Make your expectations clear and you will not be disappointed. "

Jeanetta N. reviewed Ultius on Feb 17, 2015 via SiteJabber Click to see the original review on an external website. ? Learn more about our commitment to verified reviews.

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Buy a research paper from a professional research writer

The writers that work with Ultius are all college grads familiar with research paper writing

A research paper contains personal interpretation and observations regarding a specific topic or argument. Writers at Ultius are experienced in producing high-quality research papers and conducting research and analysis for each and every order. Research papers can be constructed from a topic you have provided or from one your writer chooses, whatever best suits your needs. You will be able to communicate with your writer throughout the process and the topic will be professionally researched and structured in the format of your choosing.

Expert researchers and writers

Ultius writers understand the demands of research paper writing, like:

• An appropriate thesis
• Using proper sources and citations
• Objective engagement with the topic
• Logical structure from start to finish

You’re never on your own with Ultius

There are many terrific benefits when you order a research paper through Ultius

• Dedicated Client Success team
• Quality assurance over every order
• Communication with your writer
• Free revisions, if needed (see terms)

Ultius only works with writers of exceptional quality

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Research is a specialty of Ultius writers. Crafting an effective research paper can be time consuming and challenging, but Ultius writers are professionals. Their education and expertise ensures that when you pay for a research paper through Ultius, it will meet your every need and provide a template for writing similar projects in the future.

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You can buy a research paper from our expert writers in 3 simple steps

All it takes to get started is for you to let your writer know the topic or the subject of your research paper; they can do the rest. You can contribute as much or as little as you wish and communicate with your writer every step of the way.

Submit details

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Receive sample

It really is as easy as 1-2-3. Just these few simple steps and you’ll have your sample research paper in hand, written to your specifications, on your schedule. We strive to ensure that each and every time you buy a research paper through Ultius, it conforms to your exact needs. But we also realize that sometimes changes need to be made. Rest easy; we offer a free revision service for those little changes or rearrangements that will elevate your research paper from good to perfect!

Consider ordering a higher level writer. They cost more, but they’re the best of the best.

When you buy a research paper through Ultius, you get some amazing benefits

The support of a skilled team is something we at Ultius are proud to provide at every stage

Our Quality Assurance team will ensure that every time you order a research paper, it meets your needs as closely as possible. Each order is carefully reviewed by our Quality Assurance agents to ensure that it is on time, the writing is of the highest possible quality, and that your specific instructions are followed precisely. Only after meeting these strict criteria is your order approved and released to you: never late, always great.

Our Client Success team is always here for you

Everyone has questions when ordering a product custom created for their needs. Our Client Success team guides you effortlessly through the process as you buy research papers and will happily explain anything you aren’t sure about.

Always here, 24/7

We offer support on your schedule. Our Client Success Specialists are standing by 24 hours a day, 365 days a year, available whenever you need them.

Multiple ways to get support

We offer several ways to contact us to make things even easier for you. Choose phone, email, or live chat to get the answers you need, when you need them.

Getting it right

We know that changes are sometimes necessary. Our free revisions help you address that final point or add that little extra bit of polish that will make your custom written research paper truly extraordinary.

Our Quality Assurance and Client Success teams are committed to ensuring that your experience as an Ultius customer is the best it can be. We work night and day to make sure each and every time you use our research paper writing service , you get the highest quality content possible.

Don’t be shy about sharing instructions. The writer can only work with what you give them.

Common questions when you pay for a research paper

If you’ve never bought a paper before, we’re here to answer any questions you have before you buy

Your questions and concerns are of the utmost importance to us as your writer fulfills your research paper purchase. We realize, however, that you might not even be sure where to begin. Here are some of the more commonly asked questions our customers have when placing an order. These range from writer experience and qualifications to topics or research materials. We’ll do our very best to answer them all for you here.

You can communicate with your writer throughout the process. You have the option to leave detailed instructions or to simply provide a topic and let the writer work out the details. They are experts in this kind of document and want to help you succeed.

Our writers are highly experienced researchers with access to books, scholarly writings, and peer-reviewed journals. Simply let your writer know where the source materials must come from and they will be sure to draw from appropriate sources.

We love to make connections here at Ultius. We especially love to connect a client with a writer that they love. You will have the option to request a writer with whom you have previously worked through our “requested writer” option.

If your question was not answered, check out the FAQ section for other questions or concerns. You can also contact Ultius 24/7 via phone (toll-free included), SMS, live chat, email or Facebook Messenger. We look forward to hearing from you.

These are just a few of the questions you may have when placing an order with Ultius. You can view many additional frequently asked questions by visiting our Support Desk. If you still can’t find the answers you seek, Client Success is just one step away to help you with whatever you need!

Example research papers from Ultius writers

The writers that work with Ultius are no strangers to research papers. Here are a few examples you can check out now

It’s always a good idea to get an idea of what you are buying before you open your wallet. For that reason, we’ve included an assortment of sample research papers created by some of the finest writers. These are the same individuals who will be crafting your custom order. As you can see, our writers cover a broad range of topics and conduct top notch research to ensure that when you order a research paper, it meets all your expectations.

These are just a few of the many topics that can be chosen when you pay for a research paper through Ultius. We have plenty more samples for you to browse to make certain that our custom writing services will cater to your specific needs.

Components of a great research paper

Primary sources, a strong thesis statement, an outline, and knowing your structure are keys to a great research paper

A great research paper is a product of its parts, just as weak parts make up a flimsy whole; and nobody looking to buy research papers wants a flimsy product. The following is a breakdown of the various parts that go into an effective research paper and strategies for making those parts as strong as possible. The three most important elements of a good research paper include: proper planning and outlining, formulating a strong thesis statement, and selecting quality sources.

1 Have an outline

An outline helps you organize the structure of your research paper

An outline helps you organize your thoughts and create a strategy for your essay including these critical concerns:

• Form a thesis statement that is decisive, focused, and can be objectively supported
• Select scholarly evidence and organize it logically to most effectively present your argument and findings
• Form a succinct, coherent conclusion that touches on all key elements and summarizes your point

By pre-planning your research paper through outlining, the final product will be more cohesive and successful. Many clients choose to pay for a research paper outline and then complete the final document themselves.

2 Have a strong research thesis

Your thesis is the main point your research paper will make or address

The thesis statement is the core of an effective research paper. The thesis is not only the central idea of your document, but also expresses the intent of the piece. A good thesis in a research paper not only states a claim, but also suggests how the research will build upon that claim to both inform and expand upon the chosen topic.

3 Use primary sources

Good research papers rely heavily on primary sources rather than secondary ones

Creating a good research paper requires knowing how to identify and use both primary and secondary sources:

• Primary sources provide first hand evidence of an event or study
• Secondary sources tend to be analyses or discussions that use primary sources as reference material
• Secondary sources can provide context and supporting commentary, but only primary sources can provide objective facts

Properly implemented, both primary and secondary sources can strongly contribute to a research paper. And you can expect to receive both, used and cited correctly, any time you pay for a research paper through Ultius.

How to produce an excellent research paper

The following steps below will help ensure your research paper is done correctly

Once you have selected your sources and created a framework for your research paper with an outline, all that’s left to do is fill in the blanks. Many writers stumble at this point in the process, but if you have created an effective thesis, chosen strong sources, and devised a strategy for tying it all together, the rest is a snap! You can buy a research paper to have it done for you, but if you’d rather do it yourself, see how with the following steps:

Step 1: Use your outline to structure your paper

Your outline contains the basic structure you’ll use to begin writing your paper

Your outline is your skeleton. Each number in your outline represents a section of the completed research paper. All that remains is to add the text. The outline provides all the ideas, it just needs details, conjunctions, and transitions. Adding these elements is surprisingly easy once you get going. You know what need to be written about; now just sit and write.

Step 2: Writing your introduction

Your research paper introduction should introduce your thesis

An introduction catches the attention of your reader. Writing an effective introduction is integral to an effective research paper and mastery of this critical section is just one of the reasons Ultius is the best place to buy a research paper online.

• Start with a hook. Your opening sentence should entice your reader
• Provide some context to the hook or a bit of detail. Don’t get carried away, though. You have the whole of the paper to spend on details.
• The thesis statement should finish off the introduction, stating what you intend to explore or explain. The thesis is the payoff to the hook and establishes why one should continue reading

A good introduction gets things rolling and ensures that your reader continues reading to the very end.

Step 3: Writing your main body

The body of your research paper is where the bulk of the writing will take place

The body of the research paper contains the evidence you are presenting to prove your thesis. This needs to be organized so that it flows logically from one point to the next and that ideas transition naturally into one another. Writers often struggle here, not with the presentation of evidence, but the organization of it. Organizing the ideas in the body of a research paper contributes greatly to its effectiveness and a task that many choose to hand over to a professional when they pay for research papers.

Step 4: Cite your sources

Depending on the format of your research paper, you may be required to include an annotated bibliography

The citation style of a research paper can contribute to the way it is organized. Some styles require an annotated bibliography which is a brief justification of the value of each chosen source to the research. Each citation method contains its own specific set of criteria and each requires different formatting. Literature tends to use MLA, history often uses Chicago or Turabian styles, and social sciences often utilize APA formatting. When you buy research papers through Ultius, you are also paying for an expert in academic styles.

Step 5: Review and edit

Double check your paper for any errors in grammar or spelling and that your research and citations are correct

Revision is key! Once the writing is done the project is really only half over. Revision and rewriting are what make a good research paper truly great. Only through revision can errors be caught, missed details can be supplied and ideas that just don’t seem to work can be replaced. Revision makes everything in writing better. It is not the product of poor writing; it is the cause of great writing.

The revision phase of the writing process is essential in perfecting a research paper. Have a friend, peer, or professional review and revise your essay. Not only does Ultius provide custom writing, but it is also the best place to buy research paper editing, as well.

If you’ve written your own research paper, consider having it professionally edited .

Buying research papers is good for your future

As Business Insider noted in an article, performing well in school translates to performing well in your chosen profession. This is never more true than in research oriented fields where knowing the language and the methods of solid research writing will be an everyday requirement. Even for those who choose a career path completely unrelated to research, there is value in understanding the scientific method of exploring and resolving a research based thesis.

Additional help and resources

Creating your own research paper can seem very difficult at times. There is, however, a vast array of resources available online. Ultius offers an extensive writing help section where you can find answers to any questions you may have to help make the experience of writing your own research paper an easy and enjoyable experience even if you don’t wish to pay for a research paper.

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Ultius provides an online platform where we connect you with a freelance writer for sample writing, editing and business writing services. The company encourages and expects fair use of our services. Here are the guidelines.

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The company offers free revisions, but there are some limitations like the deadline and whether we met the original instructions.

Sample Writing ii

Custom sample services are for model and reference use only. When referencing our work, you must use a proper citation.

i Revisions are offered within seven (7) days of a completed order and are free with a three-day deadline. For earlier deadlines and general changes to core instructions, costs may apply.

ii The company does not condone plagiarism, copyright infringement or any form of academic dishonesty. All provided sample services must only be used for reference purposes while being cited properly. Please read the Fair Use Policy.

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• Refer to papers and samples for reference.
• Learn to format papers appropriately according to APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, and other styles.
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How To Buy Custom Research Paper?

Our custom writing service offers cheap prices for professional research papers. All you have to do is submit your order details and contact the best-fit writer. The procedure is as follows:

Tell Us What You Need

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Our Research Paper Customers Say

Why Pick Our Custom Writing Service?

Pro writers at your service.

Our team of professional, mostly US writers is your ticket to top-notch essays. They’re masters at their craft and always stick to your guidelines, including tricky citations. If you need cheap custom research papers , you can surely find a writer that fits your criteria.

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Once you buy custom research paper , you can chat directly with your dedicated writer, ensuring it turns out just how you want it. Additionally, you only pay once you’ve got a completed and approved paper in your hands. If you need revisions, you’ve got them unlimited!

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We’ve been at this for 16 years and counting, providing top-notch customer service. Our team has successfully tackled over 50,000 academic orders, with a whopping 98% of them delivered on time. We handle around 150 orders daily, covering a wide array of college disciplines.

Reliable Custom Writing Service has successfully completed over 50k orders for international students

By clicking “Hire”, you agree to our terms of service and privacy policy. We’ll occasionally send you promo and account related emails.

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CustomWriting is an experienced and reliable writing company where you can pay for a custom research paper with no plagiarism at an affordable rate. Among other advantages, we would like to emphasize the following:

Benefits of CustomWriting Assistance

Time saver extraordinaire.

Let’s face it: writing a research paper from scratch can be a major time sink. With CustomWriting, you’ve got options. You can order a paper and kick it back or tweak it to your liking once it’s ready. While we’re preparing custom research papers for sale, you’ll save precious hours that would otherwise be spent reading, contemplating, and typing away.

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We back our service with a 100% money-back guarantee and are open to partial refunds under certain circumstances. Your privacy is paramount, thanks to our rock-solid privacy policy. Your confidentiality is our commitment.

Why Do Students Choose Buying a Research Paper?

Research papers are like investigative journalism. Just as journalists gather facts to craft a story, students collect information, analyze it, and present their findings. But here’s the thing: it can be tough, especially for beginners.

First, defining a research problem is tricky. You’ve got to align with your school’s criteria, considering the significance, relevance, and feasibility of research.

Then, the actual research process demands library visits, topic research, narrowing, thesis construction, writing, editing, proofreading, citations, and formatting. Phew, that’s a lot!

Plus, unintentional plagiarism is risky if you’re not careful.

The research world is vast, with thousands of scientific journals and millions of papers published yearly. Researchers must publish to progress in their careers, which means more pressure.

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Order Custom Research Papers: The Process

It’s a good idea to get a bird’s eye on the process before you buy a research paper online. Here’s how our process works:

• Meet Our Top Writers: Before you purchase a research paper online, we invite you to get to know our top-notch writers. With a roster of over 200 skilled professionals, you can read reviews about each one. These reviews are exclusively from registered customers who’ve bought research papers from CustomWriting. It helps you make an informed choice and adds to our company’s credibility and relevance.
• Seamless Editing Process : When you buy customer research papers, the process for editing is just as straightforward. Start by creating an order through our landing page or your dashboard if you’re an existing customer. Next, secure the necessary funds using various payment methods, including Visa and PayPal.
• Choose the Perfect Writer : For your convenience, our system suggests suitable writers for your project. Alternatively, you can interact with premium service providers to find the best fit. Rest assured, all our writers hold MBA and Ph.D. degrees.
• Review and Revisions: After placing your order, you can monitor any updates and review the content as it’s being written. If, for any reason, you’re not completely satisfied, our writers will make the necessary improvements, offering you an optimal number of revisions.
• Download Your Paper: You can download it confidently if the article meets university standards and your specific requirements. You’re ready to present your meticulously crafted paper to your tutors and professors.

Common types of research paper assignments

Here are some common types of research paper assignments with brief descriptions of each:

Analytical Research Paper

In this type of paper, you analyze a topic or issue by presenting different viewpoints and arguments, often requiring critical thinking and a balanced approach.

Argumentative Research Paper

Argumentative papers require you to take a stance on a specific issue and present evidence to support your position while addressing counterarguments.

Expository Research Paper

This one explains a topic, process, or concept. They require clear and concise writing to inform the reader.

Literature Review

Students often buy research papers for a literature review. It summarizes and evaluates existing research on a particular subject, highlighting key findings, gaps, and trends in the chosen area.

Experimental Research Paper

In experimental research, you conduct an experiment or study and present the methodology, results, and conclusions. These papers are common in scientific and social science disciplines.

Survey Research Paper

You design and administer surveys to collect data, analyze responses, and conclude a specific topic or issue.

Case study papers delve deep into a single case or instance, exploring it comprehensively and drawing lessons or insights from it.

Where to Find an Online Research Paper for Purchase?

The virtual realm is flooded with countless options. However, we strongly recommend selecting a trustworthy and expert service that assembles a team of knowledgeable writers and editors. Look out for features like money-back guarantees and endorsements from globally recognized financial institutions – these are added advantages.

Is Purchasing Research Papers Online Secure?

Absolutely. Your privacy is our top priority. Rest assured that nobody besides you and our service provider will ever know about your research paper purchase. Our privacy policy explicitly prohibits sharing personal information with third parties, including educational institutions like schools, colleges, and universities.

What Is The Best Website to Buy Research Papers?

Look no further. CustomWriting offers a winning combination of expert writers, robust plagiarism checks, budget-friendly rates, and swift delivery. Your research paper dreams start here!

Place your order whenever you're ready and get non-plagiarized custom research papers!

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Buy a Research Paper Online

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Professional Writers Team

In our service, we've gathered a vast group of skilled writers ready to assist you in enhancing your performance.

If you plan to buy a research paper online because your homework has begun to drive you mad, you’ve just found a platform with the best and most respectable academic experts. Years of hard work and unwavering loyalty to students brought TrustMyPaper to the point where we offer high-quality essay writing in various disciplines. Our writers apply unique approaches to each order, and they charge affordable prices that please students while also giving the writers themselves a chance to earn their living. If you’re curious about the kind of help we’re offering here, check out the details below!

How We Locate Experienced Research Paper Writers

Finding a good academic writer is a true challenge. On the one hand, the market seems overcrowded, with endless experts vying for a position and claiming they are the best; on the other hand, many students complain about getting poor writing services. When you contact a company with the words, “I’d like to pay someone to write my paper for me,” you expect superior service. Our job is to make certain that you receive it. From the start, we make our recruiting demands clear: we are interested in top specialists with a strong academic background. These are educators, professional researchers, scholars, and talented writers who completed their education and gained relevant experience. They all speak English as their first language, and they passed various tests that proved the extent of their skills to us.

Every time you buy a research paper online, we compare your demands with the qualifications and skills of each expert. For example, let’s say you bought a Nursing paper at a university level, and your deadline is 3 days. We will seek a writer with a Ph.D. in Nursing who can provide you with the best paper in this period and has interest and experience with your topic. Our approach ensures that we make perfect writer-client matches.

You can speak with your writer personally; you can also browse their profiles and read the samples of their works to ascertain that they are the right people to handle your task. Our company provides a happiness guarantee: every writer must follow your instructions, craft an original paper, and send it to you on time. Each team member is doing everything to never deviate from this model, and based on the positive feedback from our customers, we’re succeeding in this endeavor.  

Key Features that Represent Our Service

If you are looking for a place to buy a research paper and are in a hurry, you need to know three defining features of our writing service. The first one is our plagiarism-free papers: we produce unique content. It’s a fact verified by plagiarism checkers and the rich experience of our talented writers.  You’ll see it with your eyes: we don’t mind sharing a plagiarism report as proof. The second feature is our 24/7 support for all customers. We are online in the morning, in the afternoon, and in the evening; we stay online even at night. Contact us with any questions, and rest assured you will receive a quick and precise answer. The third feature is the magnitude of our experience. At this moment, we have over 140,000 completed orders. It’s a huge number, and we only keep improving ourselves continuously.

Paper Writing Samples

We are pleased to share examples of writing that we've done for our clients.

Adolescent development 387.93 kB

• Number of pages: 2
• Urgency: 18 hours
• Academic level: High School
• Subject area: Psychology

Human Papilloma Virus 185.81 kB

• Number of pages: 6
• Urgency: 14 days
• Academic level: Freshman (College 1st year)
• Subject area: Healthcare&Medicine

Buy a Research Paper: Choose Human Writing

While AI is becoming even more popular today, we ignore its existence entirely. Our company focuses on human writing and expertise because only this approach can guarantee the most brilliant results. We choose the best experts for this goal, connecting you with someone who has appropriate qualifications and experience with your subject.  Both writers and managers adhere to clients’ instructions: if they have questions, they ask them ASAP to get started as soon as possible. When they begin their writing process, the experts thoroughly research, selecting suitable sources and combining them with their ideas. Their analysis is spectacular, just like their time management skills, so you’ll get a great and original paper right on time.

How to Buy Research Paper Online

If you’re thinking, “I wish someone could write my thesis for me , but I’m scared to spend money on an unknown result,” don’t worry; we understand where you are coming from. We suggest ordering one page before committing to a bigger project. This will allow you to test our service and to see what quality you could get. When you’re ready to place an order, follow these steps:

• Provide key details. Tell us about your assignment by choosing its academic level, urgency, and number of pages in the order form. If you’re a new client, tick the box with a 17% discount — it’s all yours! Proceed by uploading instructions, choosing your subject, formatting style, etc.
• Pay for your essay. Buy custom research paper via a safe payment method. The choice is vast: Visa, MasterCard, Discover, American Express, and Wire Transfer.
• Communicate with your writer. Discuss any details or share ideas. Ask questions if you have any.
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Note that we ask for pleasantly affordable prices. The lowest cost is $10.78. If your rate is higher and you don’t like it, consider changing some factors. For instance, set a longer deadline — this always lowers the price, or pick an easier academic level. High school papers are cheaper than college or university essays.  

Paper Writers’ base essay format

+ APA, MLA, Chicago, Turabian citation styles or any other of your choice

• 12-point Times New Roman
• 0.5’’ first line of paragraph
• double spaced 275 words/page
• 1’’ margin all around
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• single spaced 550 words/page

More Benefits of Buying Research Paper Online

We are constantly expanding the number of our benefits for the sake of our customers. If you came to us with a wish, “Please write my research paper for me today,” you will get that and more! This is what we can do for you:

• We save you time. Our professional and timely service allows students to focus on their other tasks, something they truly enjoy doing. You leave your burden to experts with the knowledge that they’ll complete it flawlessly, relaxing and remembering how enjoyable life is when it is free of assignments.  
• We guarantee high quality. When buying college term papers online from us, you receive top quality because our writers are verified professionals. We also offer free revisions and effortless refunds in case of any problems. This helps us guarantee your ultimate satisfaction.  
• You can speak with any member of our team. As mentioned, we are online 24/7, always around to give you a hand. Contact operators, speak with managers, or start communicating with your writer. We are all available to you.
• We handle even urgent deadlines. Great news: you can buy college research papers online even when your time is out. We are capable of completing your assignment within 3 hours. Don’t concern yourself with time, our top writers know how to work at breakneck speed.

More Writing Advantages Just for You

Have a look at our other advantages.

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Choosing Your Formatting When Buying a Research Paper Online

Since our writers have excellent qualifications and received higher education, handling any formatting style is fine. They are familiar with all styles, from MLA to Chicago, APA, and others. Order any of them or send us a template. We’ll adapt to it momentarily.

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TrustMyPaper works with different subjects and academic levels. Whether it’s English, Business, Engineering, Sociology, Religion, or anything else, we’ll find the right expert for you. Students can buy nursing and medical papers, Chemistry lab reports, and college applications — we’ll help them with everything. You can order projects on a high school, college, Master’s, or Doctoral level. Also, did you know that your writer won’t receive payment from you until you confirm that you like the essay they provided? That’s right, we withhold the money to ensure we meet your demands. This adds safety to your client experience with us.

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No one will learn that you chose to buy a research paper from our firm. Yes, you share some information about yourself when placing an order, but we never disclose or share it with random parties. We adhere to rigid safety standards in all our work processes, so there is no reason to worry.

Some students wonder how ethical it is to buy custom research papers. If this is your first order, you might have the same question. You’ll be happy to know that ordering essays is entirely legal — you purchase academic assistance akin to tutoring. You can use them as samples, relying on them to show you what an accurate structure, research, and formatting look like. The works we provide serve as your inspiration that pushes you into creating your works.

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Before buying a research paper, reading reviews and seeing what previous clients thought about a service makes sense. We invite you to do this with our firm as well. Check what other TrustMyPaper reviews say, and you’ll feel relief because most of them are positive! We invest a ton of effort into our papers, and our clients reap the benefits of it. Our service is instantly available, original, and timely; it has the highest quality, and we are certain you'll love your research paper as much as your fellow students did.

Buy Research Papers for the Best Price from the Best Experts

If complex research is looming ahead and you’d love to get some assistance, contact TrustMyPaper and describe your request in detail. We offer low rates for top writing quality and multiple safety guarantees. Total privacy, revisions, and refunds guard your satisfaction while our operators are constantly on high alert, ready to rescue you immediately. Give yourself a chance to relax. Give your research to us, and watch us do our academic magic with it!  

Is there a way to make sure that my research is unique?

When you buy research papers online, we guarantee your confidentiality from start to finish. Ask for a plagiarism report, and we will send it to you immediately; check your research paper via any other plagiarism checker, and you’ll see its 100% originality rate.

Is it illegal to buy research papers?

No, it is not. As our policies stipulate, students buy a research paper as a sample for gaining inspiration and seeing what an ideal research paper looks like. There is nothing illegal about it.

How expensive is it to order your essay writing services?

Our company asks for fully affordable prices: one page will cost you just $10.78. There is also a great 17% discount for new clients: apply it if you’re buying a custom research paper for the first time.

Can I use my credit card to pay, and how safe is it?

Yes, you can pay for your order with your credit card. We don't care about Visa, American Express, MasterCard, or Discover — just select the method you trust and buy the essay you want.

Does your firm protect my privacy?

Of course, we do. Being the best site to buy research papers online from, we secure your personal information with the help of various protocols. You are not taking risks, as no one will learn about your order.

TrustMyPaper guarantees that all of your personal and financial information will be safe. Our customers' order and payment details are protected by the highest level of security.

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The Writing Planet

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How To Find The Right Research Papers For Sale Online?

In the vast realm of academia, research papers stand as the cornerstone of scholarly pursuit. They represent not just an assignment but a gateway to knowledge, critical thinking, and academic excellence. However, the journey towards crafting a stellar research paper can often be daunting, filled with challenges and hurdles. This is where the concept of custom research papers for sale online comes into play, offering students a lifeline in their academic endeavors. At The Writing Planet, we understand the importance of providing affordable yet top-notch research papers, tailored to meet the unique needs of every student.

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In today’s academic landscape, one size certainly does not fit all. The need for personalized research papers has never been more apparent. Each academic task comes with its own set of requirements, guidelines, and expectations. It’s not just about completing the assignment; it’s about delivering a paper that reflects depth of understanding, analytical prowess, and original thought. This is where custom research papers shine, offering students the opportunity to tailor their assignments to their specific needs and preferences.

Moreover, affordability plays a crucial role in ensuring equitable access to academic support. Students often find themselves grappling with tight budgets, juggling various expenses while trying to excel in their studies. The Writing Planet recognizes this need and strives to provide cost-effective solutions without compromising on quality. Our commitment to offering cheap research papers for sale underscores our dedication to making academic assistance accessible to all.

Why The Writing Planet Is Best:

At The Writing Planet, quality is our top priority. We take pride in delivering research papers that not only meet but exceed academic standards. Our team of experienced writers comprises subject matter experts who are well-versed in their respective fields. Whether you need a paper on quantum physics or Shakespearean literature, rest assured that your assignment is in capable hands.

Despite our unwavering focus on quality, we understand the importance of affordability. We believe that every student deserves access to high-quality academic assistance, regardless of their financial circumstances. That’s why we offer custom research papers for sale online at competitive prices. From introductory discounts to seasonal promotions, we strive to make our services accessible to students from all walks of life.

How to Safely Purchase Research Papers Online

The prospect of purchasing research papers online can be daunting, fraught with concerns about authenticity, reliability, and confidentiality. However, with the right approach, it can also be a seamless and secure process. Here are some tips to ensure a safe and reliable buying experience:

• Do Your Research : Before making a purchase, take the time to research different providers. Look for reviews, testimonials, and ratings to gauge their reputation and reliability.
• Verify Credentials : Ensure that the website you’re considering is legitimate and trustworthy. Look for certifications, accreditations, and security protocols to safeguard your personal and financial information.
• Communicate Clearly : Clearly communicate your requirements and expectations to the service provider. Provide detailed instructions, guidelines, and preferences to ensure that your paper meets your standards.
• Review Samples : Request samples or previews of previous work to assess the quality and style of the provider’s writing. This will give you a better idea of what to expect from your own paper.
• Ask Questions : Don’t hesitate to ask questions or seek clarification on any aspect of the buying process. A reputable service provider will be transparent and responsive to your inquiries.
• Recommendation: We recommend you get quality services from The Writing Planet Company, we hire professional research paper writers for those who want to get high grades.

By following these guidelines and entrusting your purchase to a reputable provider like The Writing Planet, you can navigate the process of buying research papers online with confidence and peace of mind.

Unveiling The Ultimate Guide to Research Paper Purchase

At The Writing Planet, we’re committed to providing a seamless and hassle-free experience for our customers. Our user-friendly platform is designed to streamline the research paper purchase process, from browsing available services to placing an order and communicating with your assigned writer.

Our extensive range of services covers a wide array of subjects and topics, ensuring that we have the expertise to tackle any academic task. Whether you need a simple essay or a complex dissertation, our team of skilled writers is up to the challenge.

We understand that purchasing a research paper online can raise concerns about authenticity and originality. That’s why we guarantee plagiarism-free content that is meticulously researched, expertly written, and tailored to your specifications. Our writers adhere to the highest standards of academic integrity, ensuring that every paper we deliver is original and well-crafted.

Elevating Your Academic Journey with The Writing Planet

But don’t just take our word for it. Hear from our satisfied customers who have experienced firsthand the difference that The Writing Planet can make in their academic journey. From improved grades to enhanced understanding of complex concepts, our custom research papers have helped countless students achieve their academic goals.

Moreover, our commitment to affordability means that you can enjoy the benefits of high-quality academic assistance without breaking the bank. With our competitive prices and flexible payment options, you can empower your studies without draining your finances.

In conclusion, when it comes to purchasing research papers online, quality and affordability need not be mutually exclusive. With The Writing Planet, you can enjoy the best of both worlds: top-notch research papers at prices that won’t break the bank. So why wait? Elevate your academic journey today with The Writing Planet and experience the difference for yourself.

In the fast-paced world of academia, research papers serve as the linchpin of scholarly pursuit. However, crafting a stellar research paper can often be a daunting task, filled with challenges and obstacles. This is where custom research papers for sale online come into play, offering students a lifeline in their academic endeavors.

At The Writing Planet, we understand the importance of providing affordable yet high-quality research papers that are tailored to meet the unique needs of every student. With our unwavering commitment to quality, affordability, and customer satisfaction, we strive to empower students to excel in their academic pursuits.

So why settle for subpar papers when you can experience the difference with The Writing Planet ? Unlock your academic potential today and embark on a journey toward excellence with our custom research papers for sale online.

What is the best website for research papers?

When it comes to finding reliable and high-quality research papers, there are several reputable websites to consider. One noteworthy option is “The Writing Planet,” a trusted service provider company known for delivering top-notch research papers. Their team of experienced writers ensures the production of well-researched and professionally written papers across various subjects.

How to buy research papers online?

When looking to buy research papers online, it’s important to approach the process with caution and ensure that you are using a reputable service. Here are the steps you can follow:

• Research and Choose a Reputable Service: Start by researching and identifying reputable online platforms that specialize in providing academic papers. Look for reviews, testimonials, and ratings to gauge the credibility of each service. The Writing Planet is one such company known for its reliability and quality.
• Check for Plagiarism-Free Guarantee: A trustworthy service should guarantee plagiarism-free content. Ensure that the company uses plagiarism detection tools and provides a report to guarantee the originality of the research paper.
• Review Sample Papers: Most reputable services offer sample papers or portfolios showcasing their writers’ capabilities. Reviewing these samples can give you an idea of the quality of work you can expect.
• Check Writer Qualifications: Ensure that the writers employed by the service are qualified and experienced in your field of study. Look for information about their academic backgrounds and credentials.
• Clear Communication and Support: A reliable service should have clear communication channels and responsive customer support. Ensure there are means to communicate with the writer working on your paper and that customer support is available to address any concerns.
• Secure Payment Options: Prioritize services that offer secure payment options. This ensures the safety of your personal and financial information.
• Specify Your Requirements Clearly: When placing an order, provide detailed instructions and requirements for your research paper. This helps the writer understand your expectations and deliver a customized paper.
• Review and Revise: Once you receive the research paper, review it thoroughly. If there are any issues or areas that need improvement, communicate with the writing service promptly to request revisions.
• Maintain Academic Integrity: While using online services, it’s crucial to maintain academic integrity. Use the purchased research paper as a reference or a guide, and avoid submitting it as your own work.
• Check Guarantees and Policies: Carefully read through the guarantees and policies of the writing service, including revisions, refunds, and confidentiality.

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Choosing the Best Company to Buy a Research Paper From

When navigating the academic landscape, British university and college students often juggle numerous assignments, projects, and responsibilities. In pursuit of maintaining a balanced academic life, students may explore the option to buy a research paper online.

This choice can offer a lifeline but requires careful consideration to ensure the best outcomes. Here’s a comprehensive guide that highlights key factors to ponder when contemplating the purchase of a research paper:

Quality Assurance and Professionalism

When you buy a research paper, quality reigns supreme. Seek out reputable platforms that offer custom-written research papers by top-notch writers with subject expertise. An excellent research paper should showcase meticulous research, critical analysis, and impeccable formatting. Look for services that boast a team of professional research paper writers dedicated to delivering excellence.

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Meeting deadlines is a crucial aspect of academic life. When you order a research paper, confirm that the service is known for punctuality and delivering papers within the stipulated timeframe. This will give you ample time to review the paper before submission.

The Process of Buying a Research Paper

Submit the order form.

Provide you personal and academic details at the first step of the order form to get prices.

Select Your Package

Provide order specifics including the project title, desired referencing style and more.

Deposit the Payment

Make the payment at the final step to confirm your order. You can pay in full or installments.

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Free Samples Before Buying a Research Paper

Explore free research paper samples crafted by ResearchProspect’s seasoned writers so you know the quality we are capable of producing before placing your order.

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FAQs About Buying a Research Paper Online

Why should i buy from a research paper online.

Writing a research paper demands time, expertise, and meticulous research. A reliable service like ResearchProspect saves you time and guarantees quality. Experts ensure your paper is well-researched, structured, and meets academic standards, freeing you to focus on other priorities.

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ResearchProspect excels with its adept team of subject-specialist writers, ensuring tailor-made papers. Rigorous quality checks ensure top-notch work. Timely delivery, 24/7 support, and a money-back guarantee showcase their commitment to excellence and customer satisfaction.

Is it ethical to buy a research paper?

Yes, it is ethical if used responsibly. ResearchProspect emphasises its papers are for guidance and research purposes, promoting learning. They adhere to academic integrity and discourage submitting the work as-is, ensuring that students learn from the materials provided.

How does ResearchProspect ensure originality?

ResearchProspect prioritises originality. Their writers craft each paper from scratch, tailoring it to your requirements. Plagiarism scans, citations, and references ensure authenticity. You receive a plagiarism report confirming the paper’s uniqueness, and a comprehensive bibliography adds credibility to your work.

Why choose ResearchProspect over others?

ResearchProspect’s strengths lie in its unwavering commitment to quality, customisation, and customer satisfaction. Their expert writers, attentive customer support, stringent quality control, and transparent communication make them the ideal choice. Trust ResearchProspect for well-crafted, academically sound, and personalised research papers.

Why Should You Buy Research Papers from ResearchProspect

In the dynamic realm of higher education, where students juggle multiple commitments and academic challenges, the option to buy custom research papers has emerged as an invaluable lifeline.

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Time Constraints: When you’re juggling multiple assignments, a part-time job, or personal commitments, it can be challenging to find enough time to conduct thorough research and write a comprehensive paper. Buying a well-researched paper can save you valuable time.

Lack of Expertise: Some topics may require specialized knowledge or access to resources that you don’t possess. Buying a research paper written by experts in the field ensures that you have access to accurate and relevant information.

Learning Resource: Research papers can serve as valuable learning tools. By reviewing a well-written paper, you can gain insights into proper research methodologies, formatting styles, and how to structure your own work effectively.

Meeting Deadlines: In cases where deadlines are tight, buying a research paper can help you submit your assignment on time without compromising quality.

Reducing Stress: Academic stress is common, and it can affect your overall well-being. Purchasing a research paper can reduce the stress associated with looming deadlines and complex assignments.

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Plagiarism-Free: Ensure that the paper is original and plagiarism-free. Plagiarism can have severe academic consequences.

Reference Material: Use purchased papers as references or guides to supplement your own research and writing.

Quality Assurance: Choose reputable sources or services to ensure you receive a well-written, high-quality paper.

Ethical Use: Do not submit a purchased paper as your own work. Instead, learn from it, gather ideas, and create your own original content.

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• Buy Research Papers

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You can buy a research paper for college from many sellers online, but you cannot get the level of quality we provide. So, what’s so outstanding about buying from us?

• Complete Money-Back Guarantee Our focus is to ensure that clients who seek our help and support for their academic work get the help they expect. As a professional service provider, we assure them of high quality work by providing a 20-day warranty for the work submitted. Within this time, you can request a refund, and we will give it 100% back if the work provided is irrelevant to you and can’t be submitted to your school.
• Confidentiality We have a privacy policy that prohibits us from using customer information without their consent. So, when you buy a paper from us, we keep all your information confidential. We will not tell anyone about our dealings nor leak your financial information to any third party.
• Plagiarism-Free Work We promise to 100% unique work. Plagiarism is not tolerated on our platform since no school would accept plagiarised submitted papers without taking serious actions against such students. We have invested in plagiarism tools that our clients can use to run papers submitted to them for plagiarism. Also, our writers can attach a plagiarism report to your paper to prove that the work has been checked.

Buying Research Paper Online is Easy

If you think it is difficult to buy research paper online, you are wrong. The steps involved are straightforward. They include:

Creating a User Account Create a user account with us to be able to select and buy our services. Complete your profile by adding relevant details such as payment methods and a valid email address to receive messages and updates.

Adding Instructions After setting up an account, add instructions to the description box. Be as detailed as possible so we can write a great research paper for you. Tell us how long you want the paper to be, the type of formatting required, your topic, deadline, and when you want us to deliver. If there are special instructions, remember to include them too. We have an upload option if your instructions are many and in a doc or PDF file.

Review the Work Submitted The writer assigned to you will submit a complete task for you to review. Check whether all the instructions have been followed and whether there is something you need revising. We offer unlimited revisions for papers submitted to ensure they meet your standards.

Download the Paper If you find the essay satisfactory, you can proceed to download it as an editable file for you to fill in the remaining information, such as your name, registration number, professor's name, and others. Submit the work for grading.

Who Are the Writers of the Research Paper I Plan to Buy?

If you wonder who will be doing your work after purchasing a research paper from us, relax. Here is what to know about our writers:

• They Have High Academic Achievements Because we value our reputation and customer satisfaction, we are keen about who we bring on board. Our writers are high achievers, with most of them being PhD, Masters, and degree holders. Others have been tutors for many years and bring their expertise along. So when you buy a paper, you can be sure it will be worked on by the best.
• They Are Native Speakers of English We hire our writers from countries whose native language is English, such as the US and others around the globe. We are selective because we don't want to submit papers that will require rounds of editing to make sense to our clients.
• They Are Highly Experienced Despite having impressive academic achievements, our writers have lots of experience in academic writing. So, each assignment submitted to us is written with great expertise while using reputable sources for research.
• They Are Professionals Our writers understand the importance of customer satisfaction. So, from the first point of contact, while buying a research paper until the project's completion, they will handle you professionally by updating you about your project when you need such updates and having consistent communication.

What You Should Know Before You Purchase a Research Paper

Things can go wrong when you buy college research papers from the wrong places. To avoid such mistakes, here is what you should consider:

• Reliability You don't want to work with a company that keeps letting you down. Remember some papers may be needed urgently and you don't want to miss their deadline. When considering to buy a research paper for college, check whether a service provider works within clients' schedules. You can visit their site and see whether customers can vouch for their reliability in the reviews section.
• Originality There is not enough emphasis that can be put against submitting plagiarized work for whatever reason. When selecting a provider, check whether they are strict with papers submitted and how they ensure their customers get original content.
• Support Check whether the support team is actually supportive to the clients. The best website is one which when you visit, you can tell if you will get help from the provider soon or not. Online helpers with active live chat are likely to give you a smooth experience compared to those solely depending on email alone.
• Customer Reviews It is an important part that gives you unbiased information about a company. Previous customers talk about their actual experiences with the provider. These reviews are available on the provider's site or third parties such as Site Jabber, Trust Pilot, Yelp, etc. See if those customers have been happy with the services they got or not because it's the same experience you will have.
• Terms and Conditions Some companies have hidden terms that customers come to realize later after purchasing their service. This brings a lot of frustration to such customers. To avoid being a victim, always go through a provider's terms and conditions before you order research paper.

Tips for Buying a Research Paper

Before you purchase from any provider, here are a few tips you should know:

• Cause and effect
• Argumentative or
• Experimental
• Request for Revisions At Studybay, we do not limit our customers the number of revisions they can request for a document. So, when you seek academic help, request for as many revisions as your paper needs to be perfect. There is no penalty for such requests.
• Provide the Teacher’s Requirements Besides sharing details of how you want your paper done, share the requirements from your teacher. These are what determine how you will be graded depending on how keen you were at following them.
• Follow-Up If you want to be updated about your paper’s progress, you can always ask how far your writer is with the assignment. Most of them even send you drafts to assure your work is in progress. So, there is no harm in following your project if in any way you feel sceptical.

The Most Commonly Asked Questions

Are your writers experienced in research papers.

Yes. Our writers have tons of experience, which they bring along. They have handled different types of research papers and on different subjects. Bring your essay to us, and we will help you complete it on time and with the best quality.

Is it Safe to Buy a Paper from Studybay?

Yes. It is safe to buy from Studybay. We give you back your money if we do not meet our side of the bargain. So, you do not lose your money by buying a substandard service.

Will My Research Paper Be Original?

Yes. We provide original papers to our clients that have been written from scratch. When hiring our writers, we ensure they understand what plagiarism is by giving them a test. Also, they use software that helps them detect any plagiarized parts before delivering the document to you.

How Much Time is Needed to Complete the Work?

Your paper can be written within a few hours to months, depending on its urgency. We ask for a minimum of 12 hours and 8 months as our maximum to deliver high quality work.

Can I Choose a Writer for a Research Paper Myself?

Yes. When you don’t have an urgent turnaround, i.e., a few hours, you can choose a writer to help you with your paper. After submitting your project, you get offers from different writers, and you can choose one that impresses you the most. Also, you can browse our writer profiles and choose.

What if I Don’t Like the Paper You Write for Me?

We will give you a complete refund of your money. You have a 20-day warranty from the day you receive your document. You can write to us during this period telling us that you were not happy with the paper you got. We will review your request the fastest we can and start processing your refund.

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Buy a Research Paper: Your Gateway to Academic Excellence

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The flow diagram shows the cohort selection for the analysis of the risk of nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION) in patients treated with semaglutide vs a non–glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonist (GLP-1 RA) either for type 2 diabetes or for overweight or obesity.

a Matching criteria included propensity score matching on age, sex, hypertension, type 2 diabetes, obstructive sleep apnea, obesity, hyperlipidemia, and coronary artery disease as well as lack of chronic kidney disease, personal or family history of multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2, thyroid tumors, or pancreatitis status.

Survival probabilities are shown for NAION in patients with type 2 diabetes prescribed semaglutide vs a matched cohort of patients prescribed non–glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonist (GLP-1 RA) antidiabetic medications (A) and in patients who were overweight or obese and prescribed semaglutide vs a matched cohort of patients prescribed non–GLP-1 RA antiobesity medications (B). HR indicates hazard ratio.

Data Sharing Statement

• Semaglutide and Nonarteritic Anterior Ischemic Optic Neuropathy JAMA Ophthalmology Invited Commentary July 3, 2024 Susan P. Mollan, MBcHB

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Hathaway JT , Shah MP , Hathaway DB, et al. Risk of Nonarteritic Anterior Ischemic Optic Neuropathy in Patients Prescribed Semaglutide. JAMA Ophthalmol. Published online July 03, 2024. doi:10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2024.2296

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Risk of Nonarteritic Anterior Ischemic Optic Neuropathy in Patients Prescribed Semaglutide

• 1 Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
• 2 Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston
• 3 Neuro-Ophthalmology Service, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston
• 4 Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
• Invited Commentary Semaglutide and Nonarteritic Anterior Ischemic Optic Neuropathy Susan P. Mollan, MBcHB JAMA Ophthalmology

Question   Are prescriptions for semaglutide associated with an increased risk of nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION) in patients with type 2 diabetes or patients who are overweight or obese?

Findings   This matched cohort study of 16 827 patients revealed higher risk of NAION in patients prescribed semaglutide compared with patients prescribed non–glucagon-like peptide receptor agonist medications for diabetes or obesity.

Meaning   The findings suggest a potential risk of NAION associated with prescriptions for semaglutide, but future study is required to assess causality.

Importance   Anecdotal experience raised the possibility that semaglutide, a glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonist (GLP-1 RA) with rapidly increasing use, is associated with nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION).

Objective   To investigate whether there is an association between semaglutide and risk of NAION.

Design, Setting, and Participants   In a retrospective matched cohort study using data from a centralized data registry of patients evaluated by neuro-ophthalmologists at 1 academic institution from December 1, 2017, through November 30, 2023, a search for International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, Tenth Revision code H47.01 (ischemic optic neuropathy) and text search yielded 16 827 patients with no history of NAION. Propensity matching was used to assess whether prescribed semaglutide was associated with NAION in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) or overweight/obesity, in each case accounting for covarying factors (sex, age, systemic hypertension, T2D, obstructive sleep apnea, obesity, hyperlipidemia, and coronary artery disease) and contraindications for use of semaglutide. The cumulative incidence of NAION was determined with the Kaplan-Meier method and a Cox proportional hazards regression model adjusted for potential confounding comorbidities. Data were analyzed from December 1, 2017, through November 30, 2023.

Exposures   Prescriptions for semaglutide vs non–GLP-1 RA medications to manage either T2D or weight.

Main Outcomes and Measures   Cumulative incidence and hazard ratio of NAION.

Results   Among 16 827 patients, 710 had T2D (194 prescribed semaglutide; 516 prescribed non–GLP-1 RA antidiabetic medications; median [IQR] age, 59 [49-68] years; 369 [52%] female) and 979 were overweight or obese (361 prescribed semaglutide; 618 prescribed non–GLP-1 RA weight-loss medications; median [IQR] age, 47 [32-59] years; 708 [72%] female). In the population with T2D, 17 NAION events occurred in patients prescribed semaglutide vs 6 in the non–GLP-1 RA antidiabetes cohort. The cumulative incidence of NAION for the semaglutide and non–GLP-1 RA cohorts over 36 months was 8.9% (95% CI, 4.5%-13.1%) and 1.8% (95% CI, 0%-3.5%), respectively. A Cox proportional hazards regression model showed higher risk of NAION for patients receiving semaglutide (hazard ratio [HR], 4.28; 95% CI, 1.62-11.29); P  < .001). In the population of patients who were overweight or obese, 20 NAION events occurred in the prescribed semaglutide cohort vs 3 in the non–GLP-1 RA cohort. The cumulative incidence of NAION for the semaglutide vs non–GLP-1 RA cohorts over 36 months was 6.7% (95% CI, 3.6%-9.7%) and 0.8% (95% CI, 0%-1.8%), respectively. A Cox proportional hazards regression model showed a higher risk of NAION for patients prescribed semaglutide (HR, 7.64; 95% CI, 2.21-26.36; P  < .001).

Conclusions and Relevance   This study’s findings suggest an association between semaglutide and NAION. As this was an observational study, future study is required to assess causality.

Nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION) is the second most common form of optic neuropathy and a significant cause of blindness among adults. 1 - 4 Our anecdotal clinical experience motivated us to study whether semaglutide is associated with an increased risk of developing NAION.

Semaglutide (Ozempic; Novo Nordisk) was approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in December 2017 to treat type 2 diabetes (T2D) and in December 2022 to treat obesity (typically at higher doses, as Wegovy [Novo Nordisk]). Weekly new-to-brand prescriptions in the United States of these and other glucagon-like peptide receptor agonist (GLP-1 RA) drugs increased by approximately 60% from 2021 to 2023. 5

In major medical centers, neuro-ophthalmologists are most likely to evaluate suspected cases of NAION. This study was designed to capitalize on this expertise by characterizing the risk of NAION among individuals using semaglutide within a neuro-ophthalmology practice at a single academic center.

Following approval by the Massachusetts General Brigham (MGB) Institutional Review Board, we conducted a retrospective, matched cohort study of neuro-ophthalmic patients at Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston. Our methods adhered to the Declaration of Helsinki for human research, the regulations of the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act, and the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology ( STROBE ) reporting guideline. 6 Informed consent was not required as this was a retrospective study.

The number of unique patients who had been referred for any presumed neuro-ophthalmology indication and evaluated in our neuro-ophthalmology clinic from December 1, 2017, through November 30, 2023, was determined from the MGB centralized clinical data registry and composed our eligible cohort. Events of NAION were identified by electronic health record query for the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, Tenth Revision ( ICD-10 ) code H47.01 (ischemic optic neuropathy) and text search (with terms “NAION” and “non-arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy”). Each identified record was manually reviewed to confirm that the diagnosis of NAION had been rendered by one of our faculty members and to ascertain the time of vision loss. Our manual review confirmed that there was painless vision loss and optic nerve head edema during the acute phase, as per our prior criteria for NAION, 7 although now with more a relaxed age criterion given that our eligible cohort had a median age of 47 years. Patients with NAION prior to our start date were excluded. To mitigate risk of bias due to residual confounding effects, cohorts of T2D and overweight or obesity were analyzed separately; for each cohort, we identified comparative groups not receiving semaglutide. The categorizations of race (as American Indian or Alaska Native, Asian, Black or African American, Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander, White, declined, patient does not know, race not listed, or unavailable) and sex or gender were self-reported in all cases.

To analyze the hazard ratio (HR) of NAION with respect to T2D, the study population consisted of 710 patients with T2D who were prescribed either semaglutide (n = 194) or non–GLP-1 RA antidiabetic medications (n = 516) ( Figure 1 ). Non–GLP-1 RA medications that we assessed included insulin and analogues, metformin, sulfonylureas, α-glucosidase inhibitors, thiazolidinediones, dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors, and sodium-glucose transport protein 2 inhibitors.

To analyze the HR with respect to weight, we included patients who were overweight or obese (body mass index of 25-29.9 or >30, respectively [calculated as weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared]). This study population consisted of 979 patients prescribed either semaglutide (n = 361) or non–GLP-1 RA weight-loss medications (n = 618) ( Figure 1 ). Non–GLP-1 RA antiobesity medications that we assessed included bupropion, naltrexone, orlistat, topiramate, phentermine, and setmelanotide.

To achieve balance between cohorts (prescribed semaglutide or not) for each study population (T2D, and overweight or obese), 1:2 nearest-neighbor propensity score matching (caliper = 0.05) was used to account for demographic factors (sex, age); comorbidities related to NAION (systemic hypertension, T2D, obstructive sleep apnea); indications for use of semaglutide (T2D and obesity) and contraindications of semaglutide (personal or family history of multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2, thyroid cancer, chronic kidney disease, pancreatitis) 8 ; covarying factors related to T2D or to overweight or obesity (hyperlipidemia, coronary artery disease); and use of drugs associated with NAION (phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors, 9 amiodarone 10 ). No patient with NAION had received α-interferon. 11 After matching, all standardized mean differences (SMDs) for covariates were less than 0.1, and all SMDs and 2-way interactions among confounding factors were less than 0.15, which in the context of this study using propensity score matching indicates adequate balance between cohorts. Table 1 and Table 2 provide the characteristics of the T2D cohort and the obese or overweight cohort, respectively, with frequency distributions and measures of variability. The primary outcome was the first event of NAION. For all patients who experienced NAION and had been prescribed semaglutide, we confirmed by manual review that the prescribed medication had been dispensed. Although we aimed to match each treated unit with 2 control units in a 1:2 ratio, the actual matching yielded slightly lower ratios due to the relatively small sample sizes.

Patients in the eligible cohorts (T2D and overweight or obese, separately) had differing distributions of baseline characteristics ( Table 1 and Table 2 ). To further isolate and more evenly distribute these characteristics between the eligible (ie, semaglutide vs non–GLP-1) cohorts, we performed secondary analyses with 1:1 nearest-neighbor propensity score matching plus an exact match for variables that differed by 20% or more between the cohorts for each population.

Cumulative incidences of NAION in each cohort were determined with the Kaplan-Meier method to track first events of NAION during follow-up. Person-time was calculated from the first prescription of semaglutide vs non–GLP-1 antidiabetic or weight-control medications in the T2D and overweight or obese populations, respectively, until NAION, death (n = 42 across both populations), or end of the maximal 36-month follow-up period. The Cox proportional hazards regression model with adjustment for matching factors analyzed associations among covariates (described earlier) and the risk of NAION. The ability of our Cox model to discriminate between individuals who did and did not experience NAION was supported by the concordance correlation coefficient. Likelihood ratio testing outperformed a null model that did not incorporate predictors. The Wald test for semaglutide exposure assessed the statistical significance of individual predictors. The log-rank test assessed survival times between cohorts. Schoenfeld residuals and log-log plots for survival curves assessed the proportional hazards assumption and investigated its adequacy. All analyses were conducted with RStudio version 2024.04 statistical software (Posit). All P values were 2-sided and there was no adjustment for multiple analyses.

Our search identified 17 298 unique patients across 6 years. Individuals younger than 12 years (the lower limit of semaglutide exposure) were excluded, which yielded 16 827 patients for analysis ( Figure 1 ). Among the included patients, 710 had T2D (median [IQR] age, 59 [49-68] years; 369 [52%] female) and 979 were overweight or obese (median [IQR] age, 47 [32-59] years; 708 [72%] female).

The study population with T2D included 710 patients ( Figure 1 ). A 1:2 propensity score matching yielded adequate balance between the 2 groups (SMD < 0.1). NAION occurred in 17 patients in the semaglutide cohort vs 6 in the comparative cohort. The median (IQR) age was 57 (49-63) years for the semaglutide cohort and 58 (47-66) years for the nonsemaglutide cohort.

The Kaplan-Meier survival analysis at 36 months showed a cumulative incidence of NAION of 8.9% (95% CI, 4.5%-13.1%) for the semaglutide cohort vs 1.8% (95% CI, 0%-3.5%) for the nonsemaglutide cohort. The mean (SD) follow-up time was 33.3 (1.1) months for the semaglutide group and 34.5 (1.2) months for the nonsemaglutide group. The survival probability for the semaglutide cohort declined steepest over the initial 12 months, with a cumulative incidence of 6.5% (95% CI, 2.7%-10.2%) at year 1 ( Figure 2 A). The Cox proportional hazards regression model showed a higher NAION risk in the semaglutide cohort vs the nonsemaglutide cohort (HR, 4.28; 95% CI, 1.62-11.29; P  < .001; concordance coefficient = 0.84). The likelihood ratio test comparing the full model with a reduced model yielded a χ 2 18 statistic of 39.10 ( P  = .003). The Wald test for the overall significance of the model produced a χ 2 18 statistic of 25.62 ( P  = .008). The score (log-rank) test resulted in a χ 2 18 statistic of 30.08 ( P  = .009).

Secondary analyses for baseline variables that differed by 20% or more between the 2 cohorts included an exact match for overweight or obesity and obstructive sleep apnea. The 1:1 propensity and exact matches yielded 264 patients without history of NAION. The Cox proportional hazards regression model showed a higher NAION risk in the semaglutide cohort vs the nonsemaglutide cohort (HR, 4.35; 95% CI, 1.37-13.81; P  = .01; concordance coefficient = 0.79). The likelihood ratio test comparing the full model with a reduced model yielded a χ 2 18 statistic of 33.88 ( P  = .004). The Wald test for the overall significance of the model produced a χ 2 18 statistic of 23.96 ( P  = .008). The score (log-rank) test resulted in a χ 2 18 statistic of 29.10 ( P  = .01). These results are not substantially different from those obtained with the Cox analysis based on the 1:2 propensity matching analysis. Male sex also was significant in the Cox model (HR, 2.88; 95% CI, 1.03-8.03; P  = .04). Obesity did not significantly change the HR.

The study population of patients who were overweight or obese included 979 patients ( Figure 1 ). A 1:2 propensity score matching yielded adequate balance between the 2 groups (SMD < 0.1). NAION occurred in 20 patients in the semaglutide cohort vs 3 in the comparative cohort. The median (IQR) age was 46 (35-58) years for the semaglutide cohort and 44 (29-59) years for the nonsemaglutide cohort.

The Kaplan-Meier survival analysis at 36 months showed a cumulative incidence of NAION of 6.7% (95% CI, 3.6%-9.7%) for the semaglutide cohort vs 0.8% (95% CI, 0%-1.8%) for the nonsemaglutide cohort. The mean (SD) follow-up time was 34.1 (1.4) months for the semaglutide group and 35.4 (1.0) months for the nonsemaglutide group. The survival probability for the semaglutide cohort declined steepest over the initial 12 months, with a cumulative incidence of 5.5% (95% CI, 2.7%-8.3%) at year 1 ( Figure 2 B). The Cox proportional hazards regression model showed a higher NAION risk in the semaglutide cohort vs the nonsemaglutide cohort (HR, 7.64; 95% CI, 2.21-26.36; P  < .001; concordance correlation coefficient = 0.86). The likelihood ratio test comparing the full model with a reduced model yielded a χ 2 18 statistic of 56.20 ( P  < .001). The Wald test for the overall significance of the model produced a χ 2 18 statistic of 35.05 ( P  = .009). The score (log-rank) test resulted in a χ 2 18 statistic of 56.40 ( P  < .001).

Secondary analyses for baseline variables that differed by 20% or more between the 2 cohorts included an exact match for systemic hypertension, T2D, hyperlipidemia, and obstructive sleep apnea. The 1:1 propensity and exact matches yielded 442 patients without history of NAION. The Cox proportional hazards regression model showed a higher NAION risk in the semaglutide cohort vs the nonsemaglutide cohort (HR, 7.28; 95% CI, 1.59-33.34; P  = .01; concordance statistic = 0.84). The likelihood ratio test comparing the full model with a reduced model yielded a χ 2 18 statistic of 55.3 ( P  < .001). The Wald test for the overall significance of the model produced a χ 2 18 statistic of 34.13 ( P  = .04). The score (log-rank) test resulted in a χ 2 18 statistic of 55.11 ( P  < .001). These results are not substantially different from those obtained when the Cox analysis was performed using the 1:2 propensity matching analysis. For both primary and secondary analyses, hyperlipidemia in the Cox model increased the risk of NAION, but it was not significant when used independently as an interaction variable.

Our main finding is that prescribed semaglutide is associated with an increased risk of NAION. Despite extensive study, the pathogenesis of NAION has not been fully eludicated. 12 , 13 The incidence of NAION is 2 to 10 cases per 100 000 persons, 2 , 14 making it the second most common cause of blindness due to optic nerve damage (with glaucoma being the most common). The relatively high HRs (4.28 and 7.64 for our T2D and overweight or obese cohorts, respectively) identified by our Cox regression analyses reveal a substantially increased risk of NAION among individuals prescribed semaglutide relative to those prescribed other medications to treat T2D and obesity or overweight. This risk appears not to be due to differences in baseline characteristics between the cohorts.

The study has several strengths. The sample size of 629 NAION cases over 6 years, which is a substantial fraction of expected cases from the Boston area, was relatively large. All diagnoses of NAION were rendered by experienced neuro-ophthalmologists. All records coded as ischemic optic neuropathy were manually reviewed to ensure the clinician had accurately diagnosed NAION. Manual review confirmed that prescribed doses of semaglutide had been dispensed for patients who experienced NAION. Propensity score matching was used to balance cohorts to address potential confounders and reduce selection bias. Also, Cox regression was used to more precisely estimate the association of semaglutide with the risk of NAION.

Nonetheless, did confounding factors influence our estimated risk of developing NAION? Given that semaglutide was first approved to treat T2D, perhaps diabetes or related comorbidities, like obesity, were culprits. Our analyses, however, suggest that plausible confounding factors were not significant contributors to the risk of NAION, although per our Cox regression model, being male might increase the risk of NAION for patients with T2D receiving semaglutide, and having hyperlipidemia might increase the risk of NAION for patients who are overweight or obese and receiving semaglutide. We also used secondary analyses (with exact matching) to further isolate potential confounding influences of baseline variables that differed substantially (≥20%) among the eligible cohorts; however, this approach yielded similar results, supporting the notion that semaglutide, not baseline characteristics, was primarily associated with the heightened risk of NAION. Our survival analyses of both cohorts ( Figure 2 A and B) expose the greatest risk of NAION to be within the first year following prescription of semaglutide, a temporal association that supports a potential drug-induced risk of NAION.

The first 2 injectable GLP-1 RA drugs (Ozempic and Wegovy) accounted for the highest and second highest number of weekly new-to-brand prescriptions in the United States as of April 2023, and 1.7% of all patients in the United States through much of 2023 received prescriptions for semaglutide. 15 New injectable and oral GLP-1 RA formulations are FDA approved, and even more expansive use of these drugs seems likely given their medical benefits 16 - 21 and widespread popularity. If true, our data anticipate increasing numbers of NAION cases related to this class of drugs.

As with any drug, however, therapeutic benefits are inseparable from adverse effects. Related to vision, patients with diabetic retinopathy who received semaglutide incurred a higher risk of exacerbation of the retinopathy, especially with rapid reduction in hemoglobin A 1c levels, 22 and a higher rate of progression of proliferative retinopathy and risk of new-onset macular edema. 23 There has been no prior mention, to our knowledge, of an increased risk of NAION in association with semaglutide, and our study does not inform a mechanism to link semaglutide to NAION. Despite evidence of neuroprotective properties, 24 , 25 expression of the GLP-1 receptor in the human optic nerve 26 and GLP-1 RA–induced enhanced sympathetic nervous system activity might influence optic nerve head perfusion and potentially increase the risk of NAION.

There are several limitations to our study. Our tertiary care institution specializes in ophthalmology and includes a specialized neuro-ophthalmology service that evaluates a large proportion of the region’s NAION cases; therefore, our findings may not be fully generalizable to other settings. Second, our retrospective study does not allow inquiry into potential biases related to decisions about which patients were prescribed semaglutide or which of those patients were referred and evaluated in our neuro-ophthalmology clinic, although notably our hospital system and our service do not exclude any patient based on insurance coverage. Third, our study could not assess whether all patients actually took the drugs as prescribed; nonadherence is a common phenomenon, even for GLP-1 RA drugs, 27 and this may have led to an inaccurate estimation of a semaglutide-associated risk. We did, however, confirm that prescribed doses of semaglutide were dispensed for all patients with NAION. Fourth, our study also is limited in that the severity of confounding factors could not be adequately assessed, as our attempt to substratify the relatively small number of NAION cases in the semaglutide-exposed cohorts (n = 17 and 20) produced wide 95% CIs and less statistical precision. Our analyses were also hindered by laboratory data that were not retrievable from outside institutions. Although we uncovered an association between prescribed semaglutide and NAION, our study did not enable definitive inquiry into relatedness. Although we showed temporal proximity between prescribed semaglutide and NAION, the highest level of confidence to assess relatedness suggested by the FDA also requires establishing risk reduction on stopping a medication and a dose-dependent association. 28 Given that our cohorts were composed of relatively small percentages of patients of races other than White (in particular, of the 16 827 patients in our eligible cohort, 5.7% were listed in the medical record as being Black or African American vs 22.5% of individuals who in 2022 self-identified similarly in the greater Boston area), our results should be considered with caution for the general population, especially given that Black individuals generally have a lower risk of NAION. 29 , 30

This study is the first, to our knowledge, to report an association between semaglutide and NAION, although the design of our study did not enable query into a causal relationship between the two. The best approaches to confirm, refute, or refine our findings would be to conduct a much larger, retrospective, multicenter population-based cohort study; a prospective, randomized clinical study; or a postmarket analysis of all GLP-1 RA drugs. A risk inherent in larger studies, however, is the standard use of ICD-10 diagnostic codes given that there is no ICD-10 code for NAION. The most specific code relevant to NAION is the broader category of ischemic optic neuropathy. Our manual review of records for this study revealed that 40% of cases coded as ischemic optic neuropathy were not actually NAION but rather arteritic ischemic optic neuropathy from giant cell arteritis (which is commonly managed by neuro-ophthalmologists) or other forms of ischemic or nonischemic optic neuropathies. Manual review is not practical for extremely large databases, and the lack of a specific ICD-10 code for NAION (as identified by Hamedani et al 31 ) would be a severe hindrance for any large study. Emerging algorithms 32 , 33 would improve the accuracy of diagnostic coding in larger studies but would not attain the precision of a manual review and might not provide sufficient accuracy to establish a statistical association between use of a drug and occurrence of a relatively uncommon disorder like NAION.

Accepted for Publication: May 8, 2024.

Published Online: July 3, 2024. doi:10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2024.2296

Corresponding Author: Joseph F. Rizzo III, MD, Neuro-Ophthalmology Service, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, 243 Charles St, Boston, MA 02114 ( [email protected] ).

Author Contributions: Drs J. T. Hathaway and Rizzo had full access to all of the data in the study and take responsibility for the integrity of the data and the accuracy of the data analysis.

Concept and design: J. T. Hathaway, Shah, D. B. Hathaway, Zekavat, Cestari, Chwalisz, Estrela, Rizzo.

Acquisition, analysis, or interpretation of data: J. T. Hathaway, Shah, D. B. Hathaway, Zekavat, Krasniqi, Gittinger, Cestari, Mallery, Abbasi, Bouffard, Chwalisz, Rizzo.

Drafting of the manuscript: J. T. Hathaway, Shah, D. B. Hathaway, Zekavat, Krasniqi, Gittinger, Rizzo.

Critical review of the manuscript for important intellectual content: Shah, D. B. Hathaway, Zekavat, Krasniqi, Cestari, Mallery, Abbasi, Bouffard, Chwalisz, Estrela, Rizzo.

Statistical analysis: J. T. Hathaway, D. B. Hathaway, Zekavat.

Administrative, technical, or material support: Shah, D. B. Hathaway, Krasniqi, Gittinger, Mallery, Rizzo.

Supervision: D. B. Hathaway, Cestari, Bouffard, Chwalisz, Rizzo.

Conflict of Interest Disclosures: None reported.

Funding/Support: This work was funded in part by a grant from Research to Prevent Blindness.

Role of the Funder/Sponsor: Research to Prevent Blindness had no role in the design and conduct of the study; collection, management, analysis, and interpretation of the data; preparation, review, or approval of the manuscript; or decision to submit the manuscript for publication.

Meeting Presentation: This work was presented at the annual meeting of the Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology; May 9, 2024; Seattle, Washington.

Data Sharing Statement: See the Supplement .

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What is Project 2025? What to know about the conservative blueprint for a second Trump administration

By Melissa Quinn , Jacob Rosen

Updated on: July 11, 2024 / 9:40 AM EDT / CBS News

Washington — Voters in recent weeks have begun to hear the name "Project 2025" invoked more and more by President Biden and Democrats, as they seek to sound the alarm about what could be in store if former President Donald Trump wins a second term in the White House.

Overseen by the conservative Heritage Foundation, the multi-pronged initiative includes a detailed blueprint for the next Republican president to usher in a sweeping overhaul of the executive branch.

Trump and his campaign have worked to distance themselves from Project 2025, with the former president going so far as to call some of the proposals "abysmal." But Democrats have continued to tie the transition project to Trump, especially as they find themselves mired in their own controversy over whether Mr. Biden should withdraw from the 2024 presidential contest following his startling debate performance last month.

Here is what to know about Project 2025:

What is Project 2025?

Project 2025 is a proposed presidential transition project that is composed of four pillars: a policy guide for the next presidential administration; a LinkedIn-style database of personnel who could serve in the next administration; training for that pool of candidates dubbed the "Presidential Administration Academy;" and a playbook of actions to be taken within the first 180 days in office.

It is led by two former Trump administration officials: Paul Dans, who was chief of staff at the Office of Personnel Management and serves as director of the project, and Spencer Chretien, former special assistant to Trump and now the project's associate director.

Project 2025 is spearheaded by the Heritage Foundation, but includes an advisory board consisting of more than 100 conservative groups.

Much of the focus on — and criticism of — Project 2025 involves its first pillar, the nearly 900-page policy book that lays out an overhaul of the federal government. Called "Mandate for Leadership 2025: The Conservative Promise," the book builds on a "Mandate for Leadership" first published in January 1981, which sought to serve as a roadmap for Ronald Reagan's incoming administration.

The recommendations outlined in the sprawling plan reach every corner of the executive branch, from the Executive Office of the President to the Department of Homeland Security to the little-known Export-Import Bank. 

The Heritage Foundation also created a "Mandate for Leadership" in 2015 ahead of Trump's first term. Two years into his presidency, it touted that Trump had instituted 64% of its policy recommendations, ranging from leaving the Paris Climate Accords, increasing military spending, and increasing off-shore drilling and developing federal lands. In July 2020, the Heritage Foundation gave its updated version of the book to then-White House Chief of Staff Mark Meadows. 

The authors of many chapters are familiar names from the Trump administration, such as Russ Vought, who led the Office of Management and Budget; former acting Defense Secretary Chris Miller; and Roger Severino, who was director of the Office of Civil Rights at the Department of Health and Human Services.

Vought is the policy director for the 2024 Republican National Committee's platform committee, which released its proposed platform on Monday. 

John McEntee, former director of the White House Presidential Personnel Office under Trump, is a senior advisor to the Heritage Foundation, and said that the group will "integrate a lot of our work" with the Trump campaign when the official transition efforts are announced in the next few months.

Candidates interested in applying for the Heritage Foundation's "Presidential Personnel Database" are vetted on a number of political stances, such as whether they agree or disagree with statements like "life has a right to legal protection from conception to natural death," and "the President should be able to advance his/her agenda through the bureaucracy without hindrance from unelected federal officials."

The contributions from ex-Trump administration officials have led its critics to tie Project 2025 to his reelection campaign, though the former president has attempted to distance himself from the initiative.

What are the Project 2025 plans?

Some of the policies in the Project 2025 agenda have been discussed by Republicans for years or pushed by Trump himself: less federal intervention in education and more support for school choice; work requirements for able-bodied, childless adults on food stamps; and a secure border with increased enforcement of immigration laws, mass deportations and construction of a border wall. 

But others have come under scrutiny in part because of the current political landscape. 

Abortion and social issues

In recommendations for the Department of Health and Human Services, the agenda calls for the Food and Drug Administration to reverse its 24-year-old approval of the widely used abortion pill mifepristone. Other proposed actions targeting medication abortion include reinstating more stringent rules for mifepristone's use, which would permit it to be taken up to seven weeks into a pregnancy, instead of the current 10 weeks, and requiring it to be dispensed in-person instead of through the mail.

The Alliance Defending Freedom, a conservative legal group that is on the Project 2025 advisory board, was involved in a legal challenge to mifepristone's 2000 approval and more recent actions from the FDA that made it easier to obtain. But the Supreme Court rejected the case brought by a group of anti-abortion rights doctors and medical associations on procedural grounds.

The policy book also recommends the Justice Department enforce the Comstock Act against providers and distributors of abortion pills. That 1873 law prohibits drugs, medicines or instruments used in abortions from being sent through the mail.

Now that the Supreme Court has overturned Roe v. Wade , the volume states that the Justice Department "in the next conservative administration should therefore announce its intent to enforce federal law against providers and distributors of such pills."

The guide recommends the next secretary of Health and Human Services get rid of the Reproductive Healthcare Access Task Force established by the Biden administration before Roe's reversal and create a "pro-life task force to ensure that all of the department's divisions seek to use their authority to promote the life and health of women and their unborn children."

In a section titled "The Family Agenda," the proposal recommends the Health and Human Services chief "proudly state that men and women are biological realities," and that "married men and women are the ideal, natural family structure because all children have a right to be raised by the men and women who conceived them."

Further, a program within the Health and Human Services Department should "maintain a biblically based, social science-reinforced definition of marriage and family."

During his first four years in office, Trump banned transgender people from serving in the military. Mr. Biden reversed that policy , but the Project 2025 policy book calls for the ban to be reinstated.

Targeting federal agencies, employees and policies

The agenda takes aim at longstanding federal agencies, like the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, or NOAA. The agency is a component of the Commerce Department and the policy guide calls for it to be downsized. 

NOAA's six offices, including the National Weather Service and National Marine Fisheries Service, "form a colossal operation that has become one of the main drivers of the climate change alarm industry and, as such, is harmful to future U.S. prosperity," the guide states. 

The Department of Homeland Security, established in 2002, should be dismantled and its agencies either combined with others, or moved under the purview of other departments altogether, the policy book states. For example, immigration-related entities from the Departments of Homeland Security, Justice and Health and Human Services should form a standalone, Cabinet-level border and immigration agency staffed by more than 100,000 employees, according to the agenda.

If the policy recommendations are implemented, another federal agency that could come under the knife by the next administration, with action from Congress, is the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau.

The agenda seeks to bring a push by conservatives to target diversity, equity and inclusion, or DEI, initiatives in higher education to the executive branch by wiping away a slew of DEI-related positions, policies and programs and calling for the elimination of funding for partners that promote DEI practices.

It states that U.S. Agency for International Development staff and grantees that "engage in ideological agitation on behalf of the DEI agenda" should be terminated. At the Treasury Department, the guide says the next administration should "treat the participation in any critical race theory or DEI initiative without objecting on constitutional or moral grounds, as per se grounds for termination of employment."

The Project 2025 policy book also takes aim at more innocuous functions of government. It calls for the next presidential administration to eliminate or reform the dietary guidelines that have been published by the Department of Agriculture for more than 40 years, which the authors claim have been "infiltrated" by issues like climate change and sustainability.

Immigration

Trump made immigration a cornerstone of his last two presidential runs and has continued to hammer the issue during his 2024 campaign. Project 2025's agenda not only recommends finishing the wall along the U.S.-Mexico border, but urges the next administration to "take a creative and aggressive approach" to responding to drug cartels at the border. This approach includes using active-duty military personnel and the National Guard to help with arrest operations along the southern border.

A memo from Immigration and Customs Enforcement that prohibits enforcement actions from taking place at "sensitive" places like schools, playgrounds and churches should be rolled back, the policy guide states. 

When the Homeland Security secretary determines there is an "actual or anticipated mass migration of aliens" that presents "urgent circumstances" warranting a federal response, the agenda says the secretary can make rules and regulations, including through their expulsion, for as long as necessary. These rules, the guide states, aren't subject to the Administration Procedure Act, which governs the agency rule-making process.

What do Trump and his advisers say about Project 2025?

In a post to his social media platform on July 5, Trump wrote , "I know nothing about Project 2025. I have no idea who is behind it. I disagree with some of the things they're saying and some of the things they're saying are absolutely ridiculous and abysmal. Anything they do, I wish them luck, but I have nothing to do with them."

Trump's pushback to the initiative came after Heritage Foundation President Kevin Roberts said in a podcast interview that the nation is "in the process of the second American Revolution, which will remain bloodless if the left allows it to be."

The former president continued to disavow the initiative this week, writing in another social media post  that he knows nothing about Project 2025.

"I have not seen it, have no idea who is in charge of it, and, unlike our very well received Republican Platform, had nothing to do with it," Trump wrote. "The Radical Left Democrats are having a field day, however, trying to hook me into whatever policies are stated or said. It is pure disinformation on their part. By now, after all of these years, everyone knows where I stand on EVERYTHING!"

While the former president said he doesn't know who is in charge of the initiative, the project's director, Dans, and associate director, Chretien, were high-ranking officials in his administration. Additionally, Ben Carson, former secretary of Housing and Urban Development under Trump; John Ratcliffe, former director of National Intelligence in the Trump administration; and Peter Navarro, who served as a top trade adviser to Trump in the White House, are listed as either authors or contributors to the policy agenda.

Still, even before Roberts' comments during "The War Room" podcast — typically hosted by conservative commentator Steve Bannon, who reported to federal prison to begin serving a four-month sentence last week — Trump's top campaign advisers have stressed that Project 2025 has no official ties to his reelection bid.

Susie Wiles and Chris LaCivita, senior advisers to the Trump campaign, said in a November statement that 2024 policy announcements will be made by Trump or his campaign team.

"Any personnel lists, policy agendas, or government plans published anywhere are merely suggestions," they said.

While the efforts by outside organizations are "appreciated," Wiles and LaCivita said, "none of these groups or individuals speak for President Trump or his campaign."

In response to Trump's post last week, Project 2025 reiterated that it was separate from the Trump campaign.

"As we've been saying for more than two years now, Project 2025 does not speak for any candidate or campaign. We are a coalition of more than 110 conservative groups advocating policy & personnel recommendations for the next conservative president. But it is ultimately up to that president, who we believe will be President Trump, to decide which recommendations to implement," a statement on the project's X account said.

The initiative has also pushed back on Democrats' claims about its policy proposals and accused them of lying about what the agenda contains.

What do Democrats say?

Despite their attempts to keep some distance from Project 2025, Democrats continue to connect Trump with the transition effort. The Biden-Harris campaign frequently posts about the project on X, tying it to a second Trump term.

Mr. Biden himself accused his Republican opponent of lying about his connections to the Project 2025 agenda, saying in a statement that the agenda was written for Trump and "should scare every single American." He claimed on his campaign social media account  Wednesday that Project 2025 "will destroy America."

Congressional Democrats have also begun pivoting to Project 2025 when asked in interviews about Mr. Biden's fitness for a second term following his lackluster showing at the June 27 debate, the first in which he went head-to-head with Trump.

"Trump is all about Project 2025," Pennsylvania Sen. John Fetterman told CNN on Monday. "I mean, that's what we really should be voting on right now. It's like, do we want the kind of president that is all about Project '25?"

Rep. Jim Clyburn of South Carolina, one of Mr. Biden's closest allies on Capitol Hill, told reporters Monday that the agenda for the next Republican president was the sole topic he would talk about.

"Project 2025, that's my only concern," he said. "I don't want you or my granddaughter to live under that government."

In a statement reiterating her support for Mr. Biden, Rep. Frederica Wilson of Florida called Project 2025 "MAGA Republicans' draconian 920-page plan to end U.S. democracy, give handouts to the wealthy and strip Americans of their freedoms."

What are Republicans saying about Project 2025?

Two GOP senators under consideration to serve as Trump's running mate sought to put space between the White House hopeful and Project 2025, casting it as merely the product of a think tank that puts forth ideas.

"It's the work of a think tank, of a center-right think tank, and that's what think tanks do," Florida Sen. Marco Rubio told CNN's "State of the Union" on Sunday.

He said Trump's message to voters focuses on "restoring common sense, working-class values, and making our decisions on the basis of that."

Ohio Sen. J.D. Vance raised a similar sentiment in an interview with NBC's "Meet the Press," saying organizations will have good ideas and bad ideas.

"It's a 900-page document," he said Sunday. "I guarantee there are things that Trump likes and dislikes about that 900-page document. But he is the person who will determine the agenda of the next administration."

Jaala Brown contributed to this report.

Melissa Quinn is a politics reporter for CBSNews.com. She has written for outlets including the Washington Examiner, Daily Signal and Alexandria Times. Melissa covers U.S. politics, with a focus on the Supreme Court and federal courts.

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